See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

THOMAS See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• SIR THOMAS POPE (c. 1507-1559)

POPE (c. 1507-1559)  , founder of Trinity See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Deddington, near See also:

• BANBURY

Banbury, See also:

• OXFORDSHIRE (or OxoN)

Oxfordshire, probably in 1507, for he was about sixteen years old when his See also:

• FATHER

father, a See also:

• YEOMAN

yeoman See also:

• FARMER, RICHARD (1735–1787)

farmer, died in 1523 . He was educated at Banbury school and See also:

• ETON

Eton College, and entered the See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• CHANCERY

chancery . He there found a friend and See also:

• PATRON

patron in the See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord-See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• AUDLEY, or AUDELEY, SIR JAMES (c. 1316-1386)
• AUDLEY, THOMAS AUDLEY, BARON (c. 1488-1544)

Audley . As clerk of briefs in the See also:

• STAR

star chamber, See also:

• WARDEN

warden of the See also:

• MINT
• MINT (Lat. moneta; Mid. Eng. mynt)

mint (1534-1536), clerk of the See also:

• CROWN

Crown in chancery (1537), and second officer and treasurer of the court for the See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement of the confiscated See also:

• PROPERTY

property of the smaller religious See also:

• FOUNDATIONS

foundations, he obtained See also:

• WEALTH

wealth and See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence . In this last See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office he was superseded in 1541, but from 1547 to 1553 he was again employed as See also:

• FOURTH

fourth officer . He himself won by See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant or See also:

• PURCHASE

purchase a considerable See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share in the spoils, for nearly See also:

• THIRTY

thirty manors, which came sooner or later into his See also:

• POSSESSION
• POSSESSION (Lat. possessio, possidere, to possess)

possession, were originally See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church property . " He could have rode," said See also:

• AUBREY, JOHN (1626-1697)

Aubrey, " in his owne lands from Cogges (by See also:

• WITNEY

Witney) to Banbury, about 1S See also:

• MILES, NELSON APPLETON (1839— )

miles." In 1J37 he was knighted . The religious changes made by See also:

• EDWARD

Edward VI. were repugnant to him, but at the beginning of See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary's reign he became a member of the privy See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council . In 1556 he was sent to reside as See also:

• GUARDIAN

guardian in See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth's See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house . As See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as 1555 he had begun to arrange for the endowment of a college at Oxford, for which he bought the site and buildings of See also:

• DURHAM
• DURHAM, JOHN GEORGE LAMBTON, 1ST EARL OF (1792–1840)

Durham College, the Oxford house of the See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

abbey of Durham, from Dr See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• OWEN, JOHN (1616-1683)
• OWEN, JOHN [OVENUS Or AUDOENUS] (c. 1560-1622)
• OWEN, ROBERT (1771-1858)
• OWEN, SIR HUGH (1804-1881)
• OWEN, SIR RICHARD (1804–1892)

Owen and See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• MARTYN, HENRY (r781-1812)
• MARTYN, JOHN (1699-1768)

Martyn . He received a royal See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter for the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment and endowment of a college of the " See also:

• HOLY

Holy and Undivided Trinity " on the 8th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1556 . The See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation provided for a See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president, twelve See also:

• FELLOWS, SIR CHARLES (1799-1860)

fellows and eight scholars, with a schoolhouse at Hooknorton .

The number of scholars was subsequently increased to twelve, the schoolhouse being given up . On the 28th of March the members of the college were put in possession of the site, and they were formally admitted on the 29th of May 1556 . See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope died at See also:

• CLERKENWELL

Clerkenwell on the 2gth of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1559, and was buried at St See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

Stephen's, Walbrook; but his remains were subsequently removed to Trinity College, where his widow erected a semi-See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic See also:

• ALABASTER
• ALABASTER, or ARBLASTIER, WILLIAM (1567-1640)

alabaster See also:

• MONUMENT (Lat. monumentum or monumentum; from monere, to advise, bring to mind, remind; the German equivalent is Denkmal)

monument to his memory . He was three times married, but See also:

• LEFT

left no See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children . Much of his property was left to charitable and religious foundations, and the bulk of his Oxfordshire estates passed to the See also:

• FAMILY

family of his See also:

• BROTHER

brother, See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Pope of Wroxton, and his descendants, the viscounts See also:

• DILLON, ARTHUR RICHARD (172I-1807)
• DILLON, JOHN (1851– )

Dillon and the earls of See also:

• GUILFORD
• GUILFORD, BARONS AND EARLS OF

Guilford and barons See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North . The See also:

• LIFE

life, by H . E . D . Blakiston, in the See also:

• DIET

Diet . Nat . Biog., corrects many errors in Thomas See also:

• WARTON, JOSEPH (1722-1800)
• WARTON, THOMAS (1728-1790)
• WARTON, THOMAS (c. 1688-1745)

Warton's We of See also:

• SIR

Sir Thomas Pope (1772) . Further notices by the same authority are in his Trinity College (1898), in the " College Histories " See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

Series, and in the See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• HISTORICAL

Historical See also:

• REVIEW (Fr. revue, from revoir, to see again, Lat. re and videre)

Review (See also:

• APRIL

April, 1896) .

POPE-See also:

• JOAN

JOAN, a See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round See also:

• GAME

game of See also:

• CARDS, PLAYING

cards, named after a legendary See also:

• FEMALE

female Pope of the 9th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . An See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary See also:

• PACK (apparently from the root pak-, paq-, seen in Lat. pangere, to fasten; cf. " compact ")
• PACK, OTTO VON (c. 1480-1537)

pack is used, from which the eight of diamonds has been removed, and a See also:

• SPECIAL

special round See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of eight compartments, named respectively Pope-Joan, See also:

• MATRIMONY (Lat. matrimonium, marriage, which is the ordinary English sense)

Matrimony, Intrigue, See also:

• ACE (derived through the Lat. as, from the Tarentine form of the Gr. etc)

Ace, See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King, See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen, See also:

• KNAVE (O.E. cnafa, cognate with Ger. Knabe, boy)

Knave and Game (King, Queen and Knave are sometimes omitted) . Each player—any number can See also:

• PLAY

play—contributes a stake, of which one See also:

• COUNTER

counter is put into the divisions Ace, King, Queen, Knave and Game, two into Matrimony and Intrigue, and the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest into Pope-Joan . This is called " dressing the board." The cards are dealt round, with an extra See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand for " stops," i.e. cards which stop, by their See also:

• ABSENCE (Lat. absentia)

absence, the completion of a suit; thus the absence of the nine of spades stops the playing of the ten . The last card is turned up for trumps . Cards in excess may be dealt to " stops," or an agreed number may be left for the purpose, so that all players may have an equal number of cards . If an See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour or " Pope " (nine of diamonds) is turned up, the dealer takes the counters in the compartment so marked . Sometimes the turning-up of Pope settles the hand, the dealer taking the whole See also:

• POOL

pool . The Ace is the lowest card, the King the highest . The player on the dealer's left plays a card and names it; the player who has the next highest then plays it, till a stop is played, i.e. a card of which no one holds the next highest . All See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

Kings are of course stops, also the seven of diamonds; also the cards next below the dealt stops, and the cards next below the played cards . After a stop the played cards are turned over, and the player of the stop (the card last played) leads again .

The player who gets rid of all his cards first takes the counters in " Game," and receives a counter from each player for every card left in his hand, except from the player who may hold Pope but has not played it . The player of Ace, King, Queen or Knave of trumps takes the counters from that compartment . If King and Queen of trumps are in one hand, the holder takes the counters in " Matrimony "; if a Queen and Knave, those in " Intrigue "; if all three, those in the two compartments; if they are in different hands these counters are sometimes divided . Unclaimed stakes are left for the next pool .