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PORCH (through the Fr. porehe, from See also: building
.
The earliest known are the two porches of the Tower of the Winds at Athens; there would seem to have been one in front of the entrance door of the See also: villa of Diomede outside the See also: gate at See also: Pompeii; in See also: Rome they were
1 It commands a See also: fine view, and See also: Corsica is sometimes visible, though not See also: Sardinia, as See also: Strabo (and following him, See also: Lord Macaulay) errol neously See also: state
.
See also: Annual See also: rate per See also: I000 of population
.
1801-1850
.
1850-1900
.
Births
.
Deaths
.
Births census Births
.
Deaths
.
Births Census
above n Cc above Increase
.
Deaths. eaths
.
Increase
.
Deaths . N.W . 35'4 26.5 8.9 8.1 34.4 23.4 11.0 8.6 S.W . 33.6 28.3 5'3 5.2 31.4 26.3 5.1 4.3 E . . 45.9 38'1 7.8 7.7 46.2 34.7 11.5 Io•6 See also: Total See also: Europe 38.6 31.2 7.4 7.1 38.0 28.4 9'6 8.2
See also: United States - - - 29.9 - - - 24.0
See also: Canada
.
- 38.7 - - - 16.2
See also: Australasia -
.
- I - 85.9 - - - 48'2
probably not allowed, but on either See also: side of the entrance door of a mansion, porticoes set back behind the See also: line of frontage were provided, according to F
.
Mazois, as shelters from See also: sun and rain for those who paid early visits before the doors were opened
.
In front of the early Christian basilicas was a long arcaded porch called " narthex " (q.v.) In later times porches assume two forms—one the projecting erection covering the entrance at the west front of cathedrals, and divided into three or more doorways, &c., and the other a kind of covered chamber open at the ends, and having small windows at the sides as a See also: protection from rain
.
These generally stand on the See also: north or See also: south sides of churches, though in Kent there are a few instances (as Snodland and Boxley) where they are at the west ends
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Those of the Nor-See also: man See also: period generally have little See also: projection, and are sometimes so flat as to be little more than See also: outer dressings and See also: hood-moulds to the inner door
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They are often richly ornamented, and, as at Southwell in See also: England and See also: Kelso in Scotland, have rooms over, which have been erroneously called parvises
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Early See also: English porches are much longer, and in larger buildings frequently have rooms above; the gables are generally bold and high pitched
.
In larger buildings also, as at See also: Wells, St Albans, &c., the interiors are as See also: rich in design as the exteriors
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Decorated and Perpendicular porches partake of much the same characteristics, the See also: pitch of roof, See also: mouldings, copings, battlements, &c., being, of course, influenced by the taste of the See also: time
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The later porches have rooms over them more frequently than in earlier times; these are often approached from the See also: lower storey by small winding stairs, and sometimes have fire-places, and are supposed to have served as vestries; and sometimes there are the remains of a See also: piscina, and See also: relics of altars, as if they had been used as chantry chapels
.
It is probable there were wooden porches at all periods; particularly in those places where See also: stone was scarce; but, as may be expected from their exposed position, the earliest have decayed
.
At
See also: Cobham, Surrey, there was one that had ranges of semicircular See also: arches in See also: oak at the sides, of strong Norman character
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It is said there are several in which portions of Early English See also: work are traceable, as at Chevington in See also: Suffolk
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In the Decorated and later periods, however, wooden porches are See also: common, some plain, others with rich See also: tracery and large boards; these frequently stand on a sort of See also: half storey of stone work or behut
.
The entrance porches at the west end of cathedrals are generally called portals, and where they assume the character of See also: separate buildings, are designated galilees; e.g. the porticoes on tl,e west side of the south transept of Lincoln See also: Cathedral, and at the west end of the See also: nave of See also: Ely Cathedral, and the See also: chapel at the west end of Durham Cathedral
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The finest example in England of an open projected porch is that of See also: Peterborough Cathedral, attached to the Early Norman nave
.
The See also: term " porch " is also given to the magnificent portals of the French cathedrals, where the doors are so deeply recessed as to become porches, such as those of See also: Reims, See also: Amiens, See also: Chartres, See also: Troyes, See also: Rouen, See also: Bourges, See also: Paris, and See also: Beauvais cathedrals, St Ouen, Rouen, and earlier Romanesque churches, as in St Trophime, See also: Arles and St Gilles
.
Many, however, have detached porches in front of the portals, as in Notre See also: Dame at Avigon, Chartres (north and south), See also: Noyon, Bourges (north and south), St Vincent at Rouen, Notre Dame de See also: Louviers, the cathedrals of See also: Albi and Le See also: Puy, and in See also: Germany those of See also: Spires and See also: Regensburg, and the churches of St Laurence and St Sebald at See also: Nuremberg
.
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