See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

THOMAS See also:

• THOMAS POWNALL (1722–1805)

POWNALL (1722–1805)  , See also:

• BRITISH

British colonial states-See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man and soldier, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Saltfleetby, See also:

• LINCOLNSHIRE

Lincolnshire, See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, in 1722 . He was educated at See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln and at Trinity See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge, where he graduated in 1743 . He entered the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office of the lords commissioners of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade and plantations, of which his See also:

• BROTHER

brother See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John was then secretary; and in 1753 he went to See also:

• AMERICA

America as private secretary to See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• DANVERS

Danvers See also:

• OSBORN, SHERARD (1822—1875)

Osborn, just appointed See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York . Osborn committed See also:

• SUICIDE (from Lat. sui, of oneself, and cidium, from cued ere, to kill)

suicide soon after reaching New York (Oct . 6), but See also:

• POWNALL, THOMAS (1722–1805)

Pownall remained in America, devoting himself to studying the See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition of the See also:

• AMERICAN

American colonies . At the See also:

• ALBANY
• ALBANY, DUKES OF
• ALBANY, LOUISE MAXIMILIENNE CAROLINE, COUNTESS OF (1752-1824)

Albany See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress, in 1754, he met See also:

• BENJAMIN
• BENJAMIN, JUDAHPHILIP (1811-1884)

Benjamin See also:

• FRANKLIN
• FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN (1706-1790)
• FRANKLIN, SIR JOHN (1786-1847)
• FRANKLIN, WILLIAM BUEL (1823-1903)

Franklin, and a See also:

• LIFE

life-See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long friendship between the two resulted . In 1756 he returned to England, and presented to See also:

• PITT, THOMAS (1653-1726)
• PITT, WILLIAM (1759-1806)

Pitt a See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan for a See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign against the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French in See also:

• CANADA

Canada, to begin with the investment of See also:

• QUEBEC

Quebec . In 1757 Pitt appointed him governor of See also:

• MASSACHUSETTS (an Indian name, originally applied to a tribe of Indians)

Massachusetts,' in which office he heartily supported Pitt's policy during the Seven Years' See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War, and in 1758 encouraged the equipment of a force of 7000 men, to be recruited and armed in New England; but the French See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power in America once broken, Pownall came more directly under the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of the lords of trade, and his unwillingness to carry out the repressive policies of that See also:

• BODY

body caused his See also:

• TRANSFER (from Lat. transferre, to bear across, carry over)

transfer to the governorship of See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

South Carolina in See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 176o . This office he held nominally for about a See also:

• YEAR

year; but he never went to South Carolina, and in See also:

• JUNE

June 1760 he returned to England . In 1762–1763 he was See also:

• COMMISSARY (from Med. Lat. commissaries, one to whom a charge or trust is committed)

commissary-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general of the British troops in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . As member of See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament for Tregony in 1768–1774 and for See also:

• MINEHEAD

Minehead in 1774–1780, he at first sided with the Whigs in opposing all plans to tax the American colonists, but he supported See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North's See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration after the outbreak of the War of See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

Independence . He died at See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

Bath on the 25th of February 18o5 .

In 1764 he published (at first anonymously) his famous Administration of the Colonies (other See also:

• EDITIONS

editions appeared in 1765, 1766, 1768 and 1774), in which he advocated a See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

union of all British possessions upon the basis of community of commercial interests . For an extended See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of Pownall's career and a bibliography of his publications see See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas Pownall, M.P., F.R.S . (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1908), by See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles A . W .