PROVIDENCE  , the second largest See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of New See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of Rhode See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

Island, U.S.A., the See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county-seat of Providence county, and a See also:

• PORT

port of entry, situated at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of Providence See also:

• RIVER

river (the N. See also:

• ARM (a common Teutonic word; the Indo-European root is ar, to join or fit; cf. the Lat. armus, shoulder, and the plural word arma, weapons, Gr. apphs, joint, and the reduplicated apapilKSV, to join)

arm of See also:

• NARRAGANSETT

Narragansett See also:

• BAY

Bay) and at the influx of the Seekonk (or See also:

• BLACKSTONE, SIR WILLIAM (1723-1780)

Blackstone), Moshassuck and Woonasquatucket See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers, about 35 M. from the See also:

• ATLANTIC

Atlantic ocean, 45 M. by See also:

• RAIL

rail S.S.W. of See also:

• BOSTON
• BOSTON, THOMAS (1676-1732)

Boston, and 188 m . E.N.E. of New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York . Pop . (189o), 132,146; (19o0), 175,597; (19o5, See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state See also:

• CENSUS (from Lat. censere, to estimate or assess; connected by some with centum, i.e. a count by hundreds)

census), 198,635, of whom 65,746 were See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign-See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born, including 17,155 Irish, 12,114 Italians, 9795 See also:

• ENGLISH

English, 4221 English Canadians, 4005 See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French Canadians, 3685 Russians, 3347 Swedes, 2211 Germans, 2173 Portuguese (including some Bravas from the Cape Verde Islands), and 1930 Scotsmen . The figure for 1910 was 224,326 . Providence is served by the New York, New Haven & See also:

• HARTFORD

Hartford railway and by See also:

• STEAM
• STEAM (0. Eng. steam, vapour, smoke, cf. Du. steam; the origin is unknown)

steam-See also:

• BOAT (0. Eng. bdt; the true etymological connexion with Dutch and Ger. boot, Fr. bateau, Ital. battello presents great difficulties; Celtic forms are from O. Eng.)

boat lines to See also:

• NEWPORT

Newport, New York, See also:

• PHILADELPHIA

Philadelphia, See also:

• BALTIMORE
• BALTIMORE, GEORGE CALVERT, 1ST BARON (C. 1580—1632)

Baltimore and See also:

• NORFOLK
• NORFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Norfolk . It extends over an See also:

• AREA

area of more than 18 sq. m., and is irregularly laid out . The Seekonk and Providence rivers See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark the eastern boundary, the Providence and Moshassuck rivers See also:

• DIVIDE

divide the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle and See also:

• NORTHERN

northern portion of the city into the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east and See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west sides, and the Woonasquatucket river divides the west• See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side into the northern and See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern parts . The west side is a level or gently See also:

• ROLLING

rolling See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain only a few feet above the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea, but on the eastern side are a See also:

• PLATEAU (a French term, older platel, for a flat piece of wood, metal, &c., from plat, flat)
• PLATEAU, JOSEPH ANTOINE FERDINAND (1801-1883)

plateau and hills rising to a maxi-mum height of about 200 ft . The larger and newer portion of the business See also:

• DISTRICT

district is along the western See also:

• BANK

bank of the Providence, and some of the best business houses are on made See also:

• LAND

land . The See also:

• PART

part of the city which has most historic See also:

• INTEREST

interest is on the east side, where are the most attractive residences . Most of the manufactories are along the See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks of the Woonasquatucket and Moshassuck .

The names of streets—See also:

• POUND
• POUND (2)—(a)

Pound, See also:

• SOVEREIGN

Sovereign, See also:

• SHILLING

Shilling, See also:

• DOLLAR

Dollar, Doubloon, Benevolent, Benefit, See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

Hope, Friend-See also:

• SHIP

ship, See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

Peace, &c., reflect the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early commercial importance of the city and its strong Quaker See also:

• ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element . The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• BUILDING

building is the large State See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House, completed in 1902, of See also:

• GEORGIA

Georgia See also:

• MARBLE (from Lat. marmor, Gr. pApµapos, shining stone)

marble and See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white See also:

• GRANITE (adapted from the Ital. granite, grained; Lat. granum, grain)

granite, surmounted by a central See also:

• DOME (Lat domus, house; Ital. duomo, cathedral)

dome of marble, 235 ft. high, and See also:

• STANDING

standing on a rise of ground (Capitol See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

Hill) about z m. See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north by west of the steamboat landing at the head of Providence river; in the state chamber is a full length portrait of See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington by See also:

• GILBERT
• GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
• GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
• GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
• GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
• GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
• GILBERT, J
• GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
• GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
• GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
• GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
• GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
• GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )

Gilbert See also:

• STUART, ARABELLA (1575-1615)
• STUART, GILBERT (1755-x828)
• STUART, JAMES EWELL BROWN (1833-1864)
• STUART, JOHN
• STUART, MOSES (1780-1852)
• STUART, SIR JOHN, COUNT

Stuart . The old State House on Benefit See also:

• STREET
• STREET, GEORGE EDMUND (1824-1881)

Street, on the east side, is now used as the 6th district (Providence and North Providence) See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court-house . Near the centre of the city (in See also:

• EXCHANGE

Exchange See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

Place) is the city-See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

hall (1878), a handsome structure of granite; on its See also:

• FACADE

facade is a medallion of See also:

• ROGER (d. 1139)
• ROGER (d. 1181)

Roger See also:

• WILLIAMS
• WILLIAMS, JOHN (1582-1650)
• WILLIAMS, JOHN (1796-1839)
• WILLIAMS, ROGER (c. 1604–1684)
• WILLIAMS, ROWLAND (1817-1870)
• WILLIAMS, SIR WILLIAM FENWICK

Williams . Across Exchange Place from the city-hall is the Federal Building (1908), which houses the See also:

• POST

post-See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom-house, U.S. courts, &c . The county court-house (1877) is the only other prominent See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government building . The See also:

• ARCADE

Arcade (1828), 225 ft. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, with six massive Ionic columns at each entrance, the See also:

• BUTLER
• BUTLER (or BOTELER), SAMUEL (1612–168o)
• BUTLER (through the O. Fr. bouteillier, from the Late Lat. buticularius, buticula, a bottle)
• BUTLER, ALBAN (1710-1773)
• BUTLER, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN (1818-1893)
• BUTLER, CHARLES (1750–1832)
• BUTLER, GEORGE (1774-1853)
• BUTLER, JOSEPH (1692-1752)
• BUTLER, NICHOLAS MURRAY (1862– )
• BUTLER, SAMUEL (1774-1839)
• BUTLER, SAMUEL (1835-1902)
• BUTLER, SIR WILLIAM FRANCIS (1838– )
• BUTLER, WILLIAM ARCHER (1814-1848)

Butler Exchange, and a few other See also:

• FINE

fine buildings fronting on See also:

• WESTMINSTER
• WESTMINSTER, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• WESTMINSTER, STATUTES OF
• WESTMINSTER, SYNODS OF

Westminster Street are among the more prominent business buildings . In See also:

• CRANSTON

Cranston Street, between See also:

• WATERLOO

Waterloo and See also:

• DEXTER, HENRY MARTYN (1821—1890)
• DEXTER, TIMOTHY (1747—1806)

Dexter, is an Armory, with the largest hall in New England . A handsome public library building, opened in 1900, lying between See also:

• FOUNTAIN (Late Lat. fontana, from ions, a spring)

Fountain, See also:

• GREENE, GEORGE WASHINGTON (1811-1883)
• GREENE, MAURICE (1695-1755)
• GREENE, NATHANAEL (1742-1786)
• GREENE, ROBERT (c. 1560-1592)

Greene and Washington Streets, houses a See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good collection of 140,000 vols . (in 1909); other See also:

• LIBRARIES

libraries are the State Library (30,000 volumes), the State See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

Law Library (50,000 volumes) in the Providence county court-house, the Providence See also:

• ATHENAEUM

Athenaeum (the Providence Library, established in 1753, See also:

• UNITED

united in 1836 with the Providence Athenaeum, established in 1831; in 1909 it had 73,000 volumes), the library of the Rhode Island See also:

• HISTORICAL

Historical Society (established 1822; with 30,000 volumes and 5o,000 See also:

• PAMPHLETS

pamphlets in 1909), and the libraries of See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

Brown University . The See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting-house of the First Baptist See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church, founded by Roger Williams, the See also:

• OLDEST

oldest organization of this See also:

• SECT

sect in the United States, was built in 1775 and was designed to resemble St See also:

• MARTIN (Martinus)
• MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
• MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
• MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
• MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
• MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
• MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
• MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
• MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
• MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
• MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)

Martin's-in-the-See also:

• FIELDS, JAMES THOMAS (1817-1881)

Fields, See also:

• LONDON

London . Its See also:

• BELL
• BELL, ALEXANDER MELVILLE (1819—1905)
• BELL, ANDREW (1753—1832)
• BELL, GEORGE JOSEPH (1770-1843)
• BELL, HENRY (1767-1830)
• BELL, HENRY GLASSFORD (1803-1874)
• BELL, JACOB (1810-1859)
• BELL, JOHN (1691-178o)
• BELL, JOHN (1763-1820)
• BELL, JOHN (1797-1869)
• BELL, ROBERT (1800-1867)
• BELL, SIR CHARLES (1774—1842)

bell still rings the See also:

• CURFEW, CURFEU

curfew at nine o'See also:

• CLOCK

clock every evening; and the commencements of Brown University are held here .

The See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

Friends' meeting-house, another interesting old building, was erected in 1759 . The Beneficent Church (Congregational, 18o9–181o) is in the Colonial See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style, with a rounded dome . The Church of the Blessed See also:

• SACRAMENT

Sacrament (See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic), in See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy Street, was designed by See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John La Farge . The Roman Catholic See also:

• CATHEDRAL

Cathedral of SS . See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter and See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

Paul (1878) is of brown See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone and has excellent interior decorations . Providence is the see of a See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant Episcopal See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop . In Cathedral Square is a statue (1889) by See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• HUDSON
• HUDSON, GEORGE (180o-1871)
• HUDSON, HENRY
• HUDSON, JOHN (1662–1719)

Hudson Kitson of See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas A . See also:

• DOYLE, JOHN ANDREW (1844-1907)
• DOYLE, RICHARD (1824-1883)
• DOYLE, SIR ARTHUR CONAN (1859- )
• DOYLE, SIR FRANCIS HASTINGS CHARLES

Doyle, See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

mayor of the city (1864–1869, 1870-1881, and from 1884 until his See also:

• DEATH

death in 1886) . There is an equestrian statue (1887) by Launt See also:

• THOMPSON
• THOMPSON, FRANCIS (1860-1907)
• THOMPSON, LAUNT (1833-1894)
• THOMPSON, SIR HENRY, BART
• THOMPSON, SIR JOHN SPARROW (1844-1894)
• THOMPSON, THOMAS PERONNET (1783-1869)
• THOMPSON, WILLIAM HEPWORTH (18ro–1886)

Thompson of See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

General A . E . See also:

• BURNSIDE, AMBROSE EVERETT (1824-1881)

Burnside in City Hall See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

Park . In front of the post-office are two allegorical See also:

• GROUPS
• GROUPS, THEORY

groups (" Providence " and " the United States ") by J .

See also:

• MASSEY, GERALD (1828-r9o7)
• MASSEY, SIR EDWARD (c. 1619-c. 1674)

Massey Rhind . In See also:

• COLUMBUS
• COLUMBUS, CHRISTOPHER [in Spanish CRISTOBAL COLON] (c. 1446, or perhaps rather 1451, -15o6)

Columbus Park is a replica of Bartholdi's " Columbus," which was See also:

• CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast in See also:

• SILVER

silver by Providence See also:

• METAL
• METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)

metal workers for the Columbian Exposition in See also:

• CHICAGO
• CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

Chicago . Other statues are Hippolyte See also:

• HUBERT (HUCBERTUS, HUGBERTUS), ST (d. 727)

Hubert's Ebenezer See also:

• KNIGHT, CHARLES (1791-1873)
• KNIGHT, DANIEL RIDGWAY (1845– )
• KNIGHT, JOHN BUXTON (1843–1908)

Knight Dexter (erected 1894), George Thomas See also:

• BREWSTER, SIR DAVID (1781–1868)
• BREWSTER, WILLIAM (c. 1566–1644)

Brewster's See also:

• BRONZE

bronze " See also:

• GENIUS (from Lat. genere, gignere)

Genius of Religious See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

Liberty " on the dome of the State House, See also:

• FRANKLIN
• FRANKLIN, BENJAMIN (1706-1790)
• FRANKLIN, SIR JOHN (1786-1847)
• FRANKLIN, WILLIAM BUEL (1823-1903)

Franklin See also:

• SIMMONS, EDWARD EMERSON (1852– )

Simmons's Roger Williams (1877) in Roger Williams Park, a Hellenic bronze "Pancratiast" (1900, presented to the city by Paul Bajnotti of See also:

• TURIN

Turin) also in Roger Williams Park, and a Hellenistic statue of See also:

• AUGUSTUS (a name 1 derived from Lat. augeo, increase, i.e. venerable, majestic, Gr. Ee0avr6s)

Augustus on the campus of Brown University . Two fountains also are See also:

• WORTH
• WORTH, CHARLES FREDERICK (1825-1895)

worth mention: the Bajnotti Memorial Fountain in City Hall Park, a memorial to the wife of Paul Bajnotti, representing " The Struggle of See also:

• LIFE

Life " and designed by Enid Yandell; and the See also:

• ELISHA (a Hebrew name meaning " God is deliverance ")

Elisha See also:

• DYER, JOHN (c. 1700-1758)
• DYER, SIR EDWARD (d. 1607)
• DYER, THOMAS HENRY (1804-1888)

Dyer Memorial Fountain, a bronze See also:

• ATHLETE (Gr. aOX177'7r; Lat. athleta)

athlete, by H . H . Kitson . There are See also:

• ART

art collections in Brown University and in the Annmary Brown Memorial (given to the city as a memorial to his wife, a daughter of See also:

• NICHOLAS
• NICHOLAS (1841– )
• NICHOLAS (or NICLAES), HENRY (or HENDRIK) (c. 1501-C. 158o)
• NICHOLAS, SIR EDWARD (1593-1669)
• NICHOLAS, ST

Nicholas Brown, by See also:

• RUSH
• RUSH, BENJAMIN (1745–1813)
• RUSH, RICHARD (1780–1859)

Rush C . See also:

• HAWKINS, CAESAR HENRY (1798-1884)
• HAWKINS, or HAWKYNS, SIR JOHN (1532-1595)
• HAWKINS, or HAWKYNS, SIR RICHARD (c. 1562-1622)
• HAWKINS, SIR JOHN (1719-1789)

Hawkins, b . 1831) . Among interesting old houses of the 18th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century are the See also:

• ADMIRAL

Admiral See also:

• HOPKINS, EDWARD WASHBURN (1857— )
• HOPKINS, ESEK (1718-18oz)
• HOPKINS, MARK (1802—1887)
• HOPKINS, SAMUEL (1721–1803)
• HOPKINS, WILLIAM (1793–1866)

Hopkins House, in Hopkins Park, the See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

Stephen Hopkins House (1742; 9 Hopkins St.), the John See also:

• CARTER, ELIZABETH (1717-1806)

Carter Brown House (1791; 357 Benefit St.), and the John Brown House (1786; 52 See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

Power St.) . There are many colonial houses, red See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick with marble trimmings, set well back from the street, with an occasional walled See also:

• GARDEN (from O. Fr. garden, mod. Fr. jardin; this, like our words " garth," a paddock attached to a building, and " yard," comes from a Teutonic word for an enclosure which appears in Gothic as gards and O. H. Ger. gart, cf. Dutch gaarde and Ger. .garten)

garden . There are many musical See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

societies in Providence, including the See also:

• CHOPIN, FREDERIC FRANCOIS (1810-1849)

Chopin See also:

• CLUB (connected with " clump ")

Club (1879), the See also:

• ARION

Arion Club (188o), the Einklang Singing Society (189o; See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German), the Verdandi See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish Singing Society (1894), and the Providence Musical Association (1904) .

Other clubs are the Brown See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

Union, University Club, a See also:

• CRICKET
• CRICKET (Gryllidae)

cricket and a See also:

• POLO (Tibetan pulu, ball)
• POLO, GASPAR GIL (?153o-1591)
• POLO, MARCO (c. 1254-1324)

polo club, See also:

• GOLF (in its older forms GOFF, GOUFF or GOWFF, the last of which gives the genuine old pronunciation)

golf clubs, yacht clubs and See also:

• CANOE (from Carib. candoa, the West Indian name found in use by Columbus; the Fr. canot, boat, and Ger. Kahn, are derived from the Lat. canna, reed, vessel)

canoe clubs, the Handicraft Club, the Providence Art Club, the Hope Club and the Deutsche Gesellschaft . Under the municipal park commissioners there are 33 public parks with a See also:

• TOTAL

total area of 644'38 acres, and the city supports' summer playgrounds; the state See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of See also:

• METROPOLITAN (Lat. metropolitanus, Gr. µnrpoiroXtrns)

metropolitan park commissioners controls a large park See also:

• SYSTEM

system in the metropolitan park district, and a system of boulevards, connecting the several parks and other public reservations; there are nine metropolitan reservations, containing 677 acres, the largest being See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln See also:

• WOODS, LEONARD (1774-1854)
• WOODS, SIR ALBERT (1816-1904)

Woods, of 46o acres, 4 M. north of the State House . Other metropolitan reservations are: Woonasquatucket See also:

• RESERVATION (Lat. reservare, to keep back)

Reservation (53 acres; 21 M. west of the State House); Edgewood See also:

• BEACH

Beach (21 M. See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south of the State House) ; and the Ten Mile River Reservation (See also:

• LOO (formerly called " Lanterloo," Fr. lanturlu, the refrain of a popular 17th-century song)

loo acres; 44 M. north-east of the State House) on both sides of Ten Mile River . The finest municipal reservation is Roger Williams Park (432 acres, of which 140 are See also:

• WATER

water), with g M. of the best collections in the See also:

• WORLD

world of material on early See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• HISTORY

history (especially of books printed before 1800), which, with an endowment of $500,000, was presented to the university in 1901 in accordance with the will of John Nicholas Brown, the son of John Carter Brown (1797–1874) a prominent Providence See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant, who began the collection . In 1909 the university had an endowment fund of $3,416,744, 90 instructors and 993 students, of whom 88 were graduates; of the undergraduates 179 were enrolled in the See also:

• WOMEN

Women's See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College . The See also:

• CHARTER (Lat. charta, carta, from Gr. Xap-rns, originally for papyrus, material for writing, thence transferred to paper and from this material to the document, in O. Eng. boc, book)

charter of the institution requires that it shall be governed by a board of See also:

• THIRTY

thirty-six trustees, of whom twenty-two shall be See also:

• BAPTISTS

Baptists, five Friends, four Congregationalists, and five Episcopalians, and by twelve See also:

• FELLOWS, SIR CHARLES (1799-1860)

fellows (including the See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president) of whom eight (including the president) shall be Baptists, " and the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest indifferently of any or all denominations." At the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time it was framed the charter was considered extraordinarily liberal . Only two See also:

• PRO

pro-visions are included regarding the See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character of instruction to be offered: first that " the public teaching shall in general respect the sciences," and second, that " into this liberal and catholic institution shall never be admitted any religious tests, but on the contrary all the members hereof shall forever enjoy full, See also:

• FREE

free, See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute and uninterrupted liberty of See also:

• CONSCIENCE (Lat. con-scientia, literally " knowledge of a thing shared with another person " or " complete knowledge," and derivatively " consciousness in general)
• CONSCIENCE, HENDRIK (1812-1883)

conscience." The government has always been largely non-sectarian in spirit, and a See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement was on See also:

• FOOT

foot in 1910 to abolish the denominational requirements for trustees and fellows . drives and boulevards, in the southern part of the city, 21 M. from the State House . It was a part of the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract ceded to Roger Williams by See also:

• MIANTONOMO ( ? -1643)

Miantonomo; 107 acres were a See also:

• FARM

farm which Betsy Williams (d . 1871), a lineal descendant of Roger Williams, See also:

• LEFT

left to the city by will . In the park are a See also:

• CHAIN (through the O. Fr. citable, chcene, &c., from Lat. catena)

chain of lakes with a See also:

• SHORE

shore front of 71 m., a boat-house, a See also:

• CASINO (diminutive of casa, a house)

casino, a speedway and athletic grounds, a municipal natural history museum, and the Betsy Williams Cottage (1775) . Other municipal parks are: Neutaconkanut (401 acres; 21M. west of the State House) on high land commanding a view to the east and south; See also:

• DAVIS (or DAVYS), JOHN (1550 ?-16o5)
• DAVIS, ANDREW JACKSON (1826—1910)
• DAVIS, CHARLES HOWARD (1857- )
• DAVIS, CUSHMAN KELLOGG (1838-1900)
• DAVIS, HENRY WILLIAM BANKS (1833- )
• DAVIS, HENRY WINTER (1817-1865)
• DAVIS, JEFFERSON (1808–1889)
• DAVIS, THOMAS OSBORNE (1814–1845)

Davis Park (38; acres) with amusement grounds; Blackstone Park (43 acres, 11 m. east of the State House) along the Seekonk river; Hopkins Park (4 m. north of the State House), comprising the See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate of Esek Hopkins (1718–1802), See also:

• COMMANDER

commander of the American See also:

• NAVY

Navy in the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

War of See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

Independence, with a historical museum in the Admiral Hopkins House; and City Hall Park .

Blackstone See also:

• BOULEVARD (a Fr. word, earlier boulevart, from Dutch or Ger. Bollwerk, cf. Eng. " bulwark ")

Boulevard is I4 m. long; and Pleasant Valley Parkway is 11 m. long . Enclosed by a railing near the eastern end of Power Street, on the bank of the Seekonk, is What Cheer See also:

• SLATE (properly CLAY SLATE; in M. Eng. slat or sclat, from O. Fr. esclat, a small piece of wood used as a tile; esclater, to break into pieces, whence modern Fr. eclat, the root being seen also in Ger. schleissen, to split)

Slate' See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

Rock, according to tradition the first landing place of Roger Williams . In the North See also:

• BURIAL

Burial Ground are the remains of Stephen Hopkins (1707-1785), a See also:

• CITIZEN (a form corrupted in Eng., apparently by analogy with " denizen," from O. Fr. citeain, mod. Fr. citoyen)

citizen of Providence, a delegate to the See also:

• ALBANY
• ALBANY, DUKES OF
• ALBANY, LOUISE MAXIMILIENNE CAROLINE, COUNTESS OF (1752-1824)

Albany See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

convention of 1754, a colonial See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor of Rhode Island (1755–1757, 1758-1762, 1763–1765, and 1767–1768), a member of the See also:

• CONTINENTAL

Continental See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress in 1774–1780 and a signer of the See also:

• DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

Declaration of Independence; of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• BARTON, BENJAMIN SMITH (1766-1815)
• BARTON, BERNARD (1784–1849)
• BARTON, CLARA (1821– )
• BARTON, ELIZABETH (c. 1506–1534)

Barton (1748–1831), who in the War of Independence captured General See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard See also:

• PRESCOTT, WILLIAM HICKLING (1796-1859)

Prescott near Newport on the loth of See also:

• JULY

July 1777; of See also:

• FRANCIS
• FRANCIS (FRarrcols) OF SALES, ST (1567-1622)
• FRANCIS (Lat. Franciscus, Ital. Francesco, Span. Francisco, Fr. Francois, Ger. Franz)
• FRANCIS, SIR PHILIP (174o-1818)

Francis See also:

• WAYLAND, FRANCIS (1796–1865)

Wayland; and of Nicholas Brown, who was a See also:

• PATRON

patron of Brown University and one of the founders of the Providence Athenaeum and of the Butler See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

Hospital for the Insane . On the steep slope of College Hill (or Prospect Hill) in the east side near the business district, is Brown University (1764)—one of the eight colleges in the United States founded before 1776—closely connected with the history of Providence, Rhode Island, and the Baptist Church in See also:

• AMERICA

America . It has an undergraduate See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department for men, with courses, largely elective, leading to the degrees of A.B. and Ph.B., and courses, almost wholly pre-scribed, in See also:

• CIVIL

civil, See also:

• MECHANICAL

mechanical and See also:

• ELECTRICAL
• ELECTRICAL (or ELECTROSTATIC) MACHINE

electrical See also:

• ENGINEERING

engineering . It includes, besides " The Women's College in Brown University," a See also:

• SEPARATE

separate college for women, and a See also:

• GRADUATE (Med. Lat. graduale, to admit to an academical degree, gradus)

graduate department open to both men and women . The campus is shaded by some fine old elms and is surrounded by an See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron fence with beautiful memorial See also:

• GATES, HORATIO (1728-1806)

gates . In 1910 there were twenty-two buildings, including the following: University Hall (erected in 1770 and used during the War of Independence as See also:

• BARRACKS (derived through the French from the Late Lat. barra, a bar)
• BARRACKS, CAMP

barracks and hospital by American and French soldiers); Sayles Memorial Hall (,88,), containing the See also:

• CHAPEL

chapel, lecture halls and See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

seminary rooms; three library buildings, the John See also:

• HAY
• HAY (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Heu, Dutch hooi; the root from which it is derived, meaning " to cut," is also seen in " to hew "; cf. " hoe ")
• HAY, GEORGE (1729—1811)
• HAY, GILBERT
• HAY, JOHN (1838–1905)

Hay Library (which occupies the site of the old President's House), the old University Library (1878) and the John Carter Brown Library (1904); the See also:

• LADD, GEORGE TRUMBULL (1842– )

Ladd Astronomical See also:

• OBSERVATORY

Observatory, with a 12-in. See also:

• EQUATORIAL

equatorial and much other valuable equipment; Rhode Island Hall (184o), containing a biological laboratory and a natural history museum; See also:

• MANNING, HENRY EDWARD (1808-1892)

Manning Hall (1834), containing an art museum; See also:

• WILSON, ALEXANDER (1766-1813)
• WILSON, HENRY (1812–1875)
• WILSON, HORACE HAYMAN (1786–1860)
• WILSON, JAMES (1742—1798)
• WILSON, JAMES (1835— )
• WILSON, JAMES HARRISON (1837– )
• WILSON, JOHN (1627-1696)
• WILSON, JOHN (178 1854)
• WILSON, ROBERT (d. 1600)
• WILSON, SIR DANIEL (1816–1892)
• WILSON, SIR ROBERT THOMAS (1777—1849)
• WILSON, SIR WILLIAM JAMES ERASMUS
• WILSON, THOMAS (1663-1755)
• WILSON, THOMAS (c. 1525-1581)
• WILSON, WOODROW (1856— )

Wilson Hall (1891), containing a See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical and a psychological laboratory; See also:

• ROGERS, HENRY DARWIN (18o8—1866)
• ROGERS, JAMES EDWIN THOROLD (1823-1890)
• ROGERS, JOHN (1627–c. 1665)
• ROGERS, JOHN (1829-1904)
• ROGERS, JOHN (c. 1500-1555)
• ROGERS, ROBERT (1727-1784?)
• ROGERS, S
• ROGERS, SAMUEL (1763-1855)
• ROGERS, WILLIAM (1819-1896)

Rogers Hall (1862), a chemical laboratory; an engineering building (1903); the Lyman gymnasium (1891) and Colgate Hoyt See also:

• SWIMMING (from " swim," A.S. swimman, the root being common in Teutonic languages)

swimming See also:

• POOL

pool (1904); an See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration building (1902); the Sayles gymnasium (1906) for women; See also:

• ROCKEFELLER, JOHN DAVISON (i839— )

Rockefeller Hall (1903), occupied by the Brown Union, a students' organization and the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

Young Men's See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian Association; the See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence halls: University Hall (1770, remodelled 1883), Hope College (1822 and 1891), See also:

• SLATER, JOHN FOX (1815-1884)
• SLATER, SAMUEL (1768-1835)

Slater Hall (1879), Maxcy Hall (1895), and Caswell Hall (19o3); and the Carrie (clock) See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

Tower, erected in 1904 by Paul Bajnotti, of Turin, See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy. as a memorial to his wife, Carrie Mathilde Brown, of Providence . Besides the general library, containing (1909) about 164,000 volumes, the university owns the separately housed John Carter Brown Library of 20,000 volumes, one of ' So called because Roger Williams was greeted here by See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians, who said ",What cheer, Netop ?" (" Netop " meaning friend) . Brown University, the first institution for higher See also:

• EDUCATION

education established by American Baptists, was incorporated in 1764, and although still under its original charter was known for the first See also:

• FORTY

forty years as Rhode Island College . The Latin or preparatory school was opened at See also:

• WARREN
• WARREN, GOUVERNEUR KEMBLE (183o-1882)
• WARREN, JOSEPH (1741—1775)
• WARREN, MERCY (1728—1814)
• WARREN, MINTON (1850-1907)
• WARREN, SAMUEL (1807-1877)
• WARREN, SIR JOHN BORLASE, BART
• WARREN, WILLIAM (1812-1888)

Warren in 1764 and the college was started there in 1766, but in 1770 the institution was removed to Provi, dente . Although its See also:

• WORK

work was interrupted by the War of Inde. pendence, the institution was reopened in 1782 and ten years later it began to receive aid from Nicholas Brown (1769-1841), a wealthy merchant who graduated from the Rhode Island College in 1786; it was named in his See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

honour in 1804, and up to the time of his death his gifts amounted to about $160,000 .

Dr Francis Wayland, the most eminent of its presidents, began his administration in 1827 and in twenty-eight years of service as its head he established the elective system and greatly raised the See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard of scholarship . Brown actually became a university under Elisha See also:

• BENJAMIN
• BENJAMIN, JUDAHPHILIP (1811-1884)

Benjamin See also:

• ANDREWS, JAMES PETTIT (c. 1737–1797)
• ANDREWS, THOMAS (1813–1885)

Andrews, who was president in 1889-1898, who See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed the graduate school and undergraduate instruction in history and social and See also:

• POLITICAL

political See also:

• SCIENCE (Lat. scientia, from scire; to learn, know)

science, and who was succeeded in 1899 by William See also:

• HERBERT (FAMILY)
• HERBERT, GEORGE (1593-1633)
• HERBERT, HENRY WILLIAM
• HERB