PYRRHO OF See also:

• ELIS
• ELIS, or ELEIA
• ELIS, PHILOSOPHICAL SCHOOL OF

ELIS (c. 360—270 B.C.)  , a See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek sceptic philosopher and founder of the school known as Pyrrhonism . See also:

• DIOGENES

Diogenes Laertius (ix . 61), quoting from See also:

• APOLLODORUS

Apollodorus, says that he was at first a painter, and that pictures by him were in existence in the gymnasium at See also:

• ELIS
• ELIS, or ELEIA
• ELIS, PHILOSOPHICAL SCHOOL OF

Elis . Later he was diverted to See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy by the See also:

• WORKS

works of See also:

• DEMOCRITUS

Democritus, and became acquainted with the Megarian See also:

• DIALECTIC, or DIALECTICS

dialectic through Bryson, See also:

• PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)

pupil of See also:

• STILPO [STILPON]

Stilpo . With See also:

• ANAXARCHUS (c. 340 B.C.)

Anaxarchus, he went to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East in the See also:

• TRAIN (M. Eng. trayn or trayne, derived through Fr. from Late Lat. trahinare, to drag, draw, Lat. trahere, cf. trail, trace, ultimately from the same source)

train of See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander, and studied in See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India under the See also:

• GYMNOSOPHISTS (Lat. gymnosophistae, from Gr. yuµvos, vo4mrrits, " naked philosophers ")

Gymnosophists (q.v.) and under the Magi in See also:

• PERSIA

Persia . From the See also:

• ORIENTAL

Oriental philosophy he seems to have adopted a See also:

• LIFE

life of solitude . Returning to Elis, he lived in poor circumstances, but highly honoured by the Elians and also by the Athenians, who gave him the rights of citizenship . His doctrines are known mainly through the satiric writings (MLXXoi) of his pupil See also:

• TIMON
• TIMON (c. 320-230)

Timon of Phlius (the Sillographer) . The See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main principle of his thought is expressed in the word acatalepsia, which implies the impossibility of knowing things in their own nature . Against every statement the contradictory may be advanced with equal See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason (ivoa0evela rim) Mryccv ) . Secondly, it is necessary in view of this fact to preserve an attitude of intellectual suspense (E1roxi), or, as Timon expressed it, obb6 ,uaXXov (i.e. no assertion more valid than another) . The same See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea is expressed also by the terms appe>Gla (See also:

• EQUILIBRIUM (from the Lat. aequus, equal, and libra, a balance)

equilibrium) and See also:

• H4(Sr, Ba, Ca)Al2(SiOa)6+31420. H 4CaAl2(SiO3)

h4 aala (refusal to speak, non-committal silence) .

Thirdly, these results are applied to life in See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general . Pyrrho concludes that, since nothing can be known, the only proper attitude is imperturbability (ataraxia) . The impossibility of knowledge, even in regard to our own See also:

• IGNORANCE (Lat. ignorantia, from ignorare, not to know); want of knowledge, a state of mind which in law has important consequences. A well-known legal maxim runs: ignorantia juris non excusat ("ignorance of the law does not excuse")

ignorance or doubt, should induce the See also:

• WISE, HENRY ALEXANDER (1806-1876)
• WISE, ISAAC MAYER (1819-1900)

wise-See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man to withdraw into himself, avoiding the stress and emotion which belong to the contest of vain imaginings . This drastic See also:

• SCEPTICISM (o-Kesrroµai, I consider, reflect, hesitate, doubt)

scepticism is the first and the most thorough exposition of See also:

• AGNOSTICISM

agnosticism in the See also:

• HISTORY

history of thought . Its ethical results may be compared with the ideal tranquillity of the See also:

• STOICS

Stoics and the Epicureans . (For its relation to the New See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy and to scepticism in general see SCEPTICISM and MEGARIAN SCHOOL OF PHILOSOPHY.) See histories of philosophy by See also:

• ZELLER, EDUARD (1814-1908)

Zeller, See also:

• ERDMANN
• ERDMANN, JOHANN EDUARD (1805-1892)

Erdmann, See also:

• UEBERWEG, FRIEDRICH (1826-1871)

Ueberweg; See also:

• RITTER, HEINRICH (1791-1869)
• RITTER, KARL (1779–1859)

Ritter and See also:

• PRELLER, FRIEDRICH (1804–1878)
• PRELLER, LUDWIG (1809–1861)

Preller, § 364; See also:

• WADDINGTON, WILLIAM HENRY (1826–1894)

Waddington, Pyrrhon et le pyrrhonisme (1877); See also:

• ZIMMERMANN, JOHANN GEORG, RITTER VON

Zimmermann, Darstellung d. pyrrh . Phil . (1841) and Ueber Ursprung and Bedeutung d. pyrrh . Phil . (1843); See also:

• WACHSMUTH, CHARLES (1829-1896)

Wachsmuth, De Timone Phliasio (1859) .