See also:

• QUINCE (Lat. Cydonia or Colonea, Ital. Cotogna, Fr. coing, Mid. Eng. coin, quiet, whence a collective plural " quins," corrupted to singular " quince ")

QUINCE (See also:

• LAT

Lat. Cydonia or Colonea, Ital. Cotogna, Fr. coing, See also:

• MID

Mid. Eng. See also:

• COIN
• COIN (older forms of the word are coyne, quoin and coign, all derived through the O. Fr. coing, and cuigne from Lat. cuneus, a wedge)

coin, quiet, whence a collective plural " quins," corrupted to singular " quince ")  , a See also:

• FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit-See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree concerning which botanists differ as to whether or not it is entitled to take See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank as a distinct genus or as a See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section of the genus Pyrus (natural See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order See also:

• ROSACEAE

Rosaceae, q.v.) . It is not a See also:

• MATTER

matter of much importance whether we See also:

• CALL (from Anglo-Saxon ceallian, a common Teutonic word, cf. Dutch kallen, to talk or chatter)

call the See also:

• QUINCE (Lat. Cydonia or Colonea, Ital. Cotogna, Fr. coing, Mid. Eng. coin, quiet, whence a collective plural " quins," corrupted to singular " quince ")

quince Pyrus Cydonia or Cydonia vulgaris . For See also:

• PRACTICAL

practical purposes it is perhaps better to consider it as distinct from Pyrus, differing from that genus in the See also:

• TWISTED

twisted manner in which the petals are arranged in the bud, and in the many-celled ovary, in which the numerous ovules are disposed horizontally, not vertically as in the See also:

• PEARS

pears . The quinces are much-branched shrubs or small trees with entire leaves, small stipules, large solitary See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white or See also:

• PINK

pink See also:

• FLOWERS, ARTIFICIAL

flowers like those of a See also:

• PEAR (Pyrus communis)

pear or See also:

• APPLE (a common Teut. word, A.S. aepl, aeppel, O.H.G. aphul, aphal, apfal, mod. Ger. Apfel)

apple, but with leafy calyx lobes and a many-celled ovary, in each See also:

• CELL (from Lat. cella, probably from an Indo-European kal —seen in Lat. celare, to hide; another suggestion connects the word with Lat. cera, wax, taking the original meaning to refer to the honeycomb)

cell of which are numerous See also:

• HORIZONTAL

horizontal ovules . The See also:

• COMMON

common quince is a native of See also:

• PERSIA

Persia and See also:

• ANATOLIA (Gr. avaroX,7, sunrise, i.e. eastern land)

Anatolia, and perhaps also of See also:

• GREECE

Greece and the See also:

• CRIMEA (ancient Tauris or Tauric Chersonese, called by the Russians by the Tatar name Krym or Crim)

Crimea, but in these latter localities it is doubtful whether or not the plant is not a relic of former cultivation . By Franchet and Savatier P . Cydonia is given as a native of See also:

• JAPAN

Japan with the native name of "•maroumerou." It is certain that the Greeks knew a common variety upon which they engrafted scions of a better variety which they called Ku3WV1ov, from Cydon in See also:

• CRETE (Gr. Kp;rrrr; Turk. Kirid, Ital. Candia)

Crete, whence it was obtained, and from which the later names have been derived . See also:

• PLINY, THE ELDER
• PLINY, THE YOUNGER

Pliny (H.N. xv . II) mentions that the fruit of the quince, Malum cotaneum, warded off the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of the evil See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

eye; and other legends connect it with See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek See also:

• MYTHOLOGY

mythology, as exemplified by statues in which the fruit is represented, as well as by representations on the walls of See also:

• POMPEII

Pompeii . The fragrance and astringency of the fruit of the quince are well known, and the seeds were formerly used medicinally for the See also:

• SAKE

sake of the See also:

• MUCILAGE (from Late Lat. mucilago, a mouldy juice, from mucere, to be mouldy)

mucilage they yield when soaked in See also:

• WATER

water, a peculiarity which is not met with in pears . This mucilage is analogous to, and has the same properties as, that which is formed from the seeds of See also:

• LINSEED

linseed . The quince is but little cultivated in See also:

• GREAT

Great See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain, two or three trees planted in the slip or See also:

• ORCHARD (O. Eng. ort-geard, later orceard; a combination apparently of Lat. hortus, garden, and " yard " or " Barth ")

orchard being in See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general found to be sufficient for a See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply of the fruit; in See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland it seldom approaches maturity, unless favoured by a See also:

• WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, adapted from Lat. vallum, rampart; the original O. Eng. word for a wall was wag or tenth)
• WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

wall .

The fruit has a powerful odour, but in the raw See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state is austere and astringent; it, however, makes an excellent preserve, and is often used to give flavour and poignancy to stewed or baked apples . There are three See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal varieties of the quince, the See also:

• PORTUGAL

Portugal, the apple-shaped and the pear-shaped . The Portugal is a taller and more vigorous grower than the others, and has larger and finer fruit; the apple-shaped, which has roundish fruit, is more productive, and ripens under less favourable conditions than either of the others; while the pear-shaped has roundish-pyriform fruit, which ripens later than that of the apple-shaped variety . The quince prefers a See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich, See also:

• LIGHT

light and somewhat moist See also:

• SOIL

soil . The tree is generally propagated by cuttings or layers, the former making the best See also:

• PLANTS

plants, but being longer in growing . It is much used as a dwarfing stock for certain kinds of pears, and for this purpose the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young plants when bedded out in the quarters should be shortened back to about 18 or 20 inches; the effect is to restrain the growth of the pear, increase and hasten its fruitfulness, and enable it to withstand the effects of See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold . Those required to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form See also:

• STANDARD
• STANDARD, BATTLE OF THE

standard fruit-See also:

• HEARING (formed from the verb " to hear," O. Eng. hyran, heron, &c., a common Teutonic verb; cf. Ger. Koren, Dutch hooren, &c.; the O. Tent. form is seen in Goth. hausjan; the initial h makes any connexion with " ear," Lat. audire, or Gr. &Kobew very doub

hearing trees should be trained up to a single See also:

• STEM (O. Eng. staefn, stemn, cf. Du. stain, Ger. Stamm, &c., probably related to " staff ")

stem till a height of 5 or 6 feet is attained . The common Japan quince, Pyrus or Cydonia japonica, is grown in gardens for the sake of its flowers, which vary in See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour fromcreamy white to rich red, and are produced during the See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter and See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring months . The fruit is See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green and fragrant but quite uneatable . C . Maulei, a more recently introduced See also:

• SHRUB

shrub from Japan, bears a profusion of equally beautiful See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

orange-red flowers, which are followed by fruit of a yellow colour and agreeable fragrance, so that, when cooked with See also:

• SUGAR

sugar, it forms an agreeable conserve, as in the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of the See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary quince .