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JOSEPH MARIA VON RADOWITZ (1797-1853)

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Originally appearing in Volume V22, Page 811 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOSEPH MARIA VON RADOWITZ (1797-1853)  , Prussian general and statesman, was born at
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Blankenburg in the Harz Mountains, his
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family being of Hungarian origin . As a young
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lieutenant in the Westphalian artillery he was wounded and taken prisoner at the
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battle of
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Leipzig (1813), subsequently entered the Hanoverian service, and in 1823 that of Prussia . His promotion was rapid, and in 183o he became chief of the general staff of the artillery . In 1836 he went as Prussian military plenipotentiary to the federal
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diet at
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Frankfort, and in 1842 was appointed envoy to the courts of Carlsruhe,
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Darmstadt and
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Nassau . He had early become an intimate friend of the
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crown prince (afterwards King Frederick William IV.), and the Prussian constitution of
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February 1847. was an attempt to realize the ideas put forward by him in his Gespreiche aus der Gegenwart fiber Skutt and Kirche, published under the pseudonym " Waldheim " in 1846 . In November 1847 and March 1848 Radowitz was sent by King Frederick William to Vienna to attempt to arrange
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common
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action for the reconstruction of the German Confederation . In the Frankfort parliament he was leader of the extreme Right; and after its break-up he was zealous in promoting the Unionist policy of Prussia, which he defended both in the Prussian diet and in the
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Erfurt parliament . He was practically responsible for the
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foreign policy of Prussia from May 1848 onwards, and on the 27th of September 185a he was appointed minister of foreign affairs . He resigned, however, on the 2nd of November, owing to the king's refusal to settle the difficulties with Austria by an
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appeal to arms . In August 1852 he was appointed director of military
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education; but the rest of his
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life was devoted mainly to
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literary pursuits . He died on the 25th of December 1853 . Radowitz published, in addition to several
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political
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treatises, Ikonographie der Heiligen, ein Beitrag zur Kunstgeschichte (Berlin, 1834) and Devisen and Mottos
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des spdtern Mittelalters (ib., 1850) .

His Gesammelte Schriften'were published in 5 vols. at Berlin, 1852-53 . See Hassel,

Joseph Maria von Radowitz (Berlin, 1905, &c.) .

End of Article: JOSEPH MARIA VON RADOWITZ (1797-1853)
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