RASMUS See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

CHRISTIAN See also:

• RASMUS CHRISTIAN RASK (1787-1832)

RASK (1787-1832)  , Danish See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar and philologist, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Brandekilde in the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of Fiinen or Fyen in See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark in 1787 . He studied at the university of See also:

• COPENHAGEN (Danish Kjobenhavn)

Copenhagen, and at once showed remarkable See also:

• TALENT (Lat. talentum, adaptation of Gr. TaXavrov, balance, ! Recollections of a First Visit to the Alps (1841); Vacation Rambles weight, from root raX-, to lift, as in rXi vac, to bear, 1-aXas, and Thoughts, comprising recollections of three Continental

talent for the acquisition of See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages . In 18o8 he was appointed assistant keeper of the university library, and some years afterwards See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of See also:

• LITERARY

literary See also:

• HISTORY

history . In 1811 he published, in Danish, his Introduction to the See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

Grammar of the Icelandic and other See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

Ancient See also:

• NORTHERN

Northern Languages, from printed and MS. materials accumulated by his predecessors in the same See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field of See also:

• RESEARCH (O. Fr. recerche, from recercher, re- and cercer, mod. chercher, to search; Late Lat. circare, to go round in a circle, to explore)

research . The reputation which See also:

• RASK, RASMUS CHRISTIAN (1787-1832)

Rask thus acquired recommended him to the Arna-Magnaean Institution, by which he was employed as editor of the Icelandic See also:

• LEXICON

Lexicon (1814) of Bjorn Haldorson, which had See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long remained in See also:

• MANUSCRIPT

manuscript . Rask visited See also:

• ICELAND (Dan. Island)

Iceland, where he remained from 1813 to 1815, mastering the See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language and familiarizing himself with the literature, See also:

• MANNERS, CHARLES (1857– )

manners and customs of the natives . To the See also:

• INTEREST

interest with which they in-spired him may probably be attributed the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment at Copenhagen, See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early in 1816, of the Icelandic Literary Society, of which he was the first See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president . In See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1816 Rask See also:

• LEFT

left Denmark on a literary expedition, at the cost of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king, to prosecute inquiries into the languages of the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

East, and collect See also:

• MANUSCRIPTS

manuscripts for the university library at Copenhagen . He proceeded first to See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden, where he remained two years, in the course of which he made an excursion into See also:

• FINLAND (Finnish, Suomi or Suomenmaa)

Finland to study the language . Here he published, in See also:

• SWEDISH

Swedish, his Anglo-Saxon Grammar in 1817 . In 1818 thereappeared at Copenhagen, in Danish, an See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

Essay on the Origin of the Ancient Scandinavian or Icelandic See also:

• TONGUE (O. Eng. lunge)

Tongue, in which he traced the See also:

• AFFINITY (Lat. affinitas, relationship by marriage, from offinis, bordering on, related to; finis, border, boundary)
• AFFINITY, CHEMICAL

affinity of that See also:

• IDIOM (Gr. t&%wµa, something peculiar and personal; lbws, one's own, personal)

idiom to the other See also:

• EUROPEAN

European languages, particularly Latin and See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek . In the same See also:

• YEAR

year he brought out the first See also:

• COMPLETE

complete See also:

• EDITIONS

editions of Snorro's See also:

• EDDA

Edda and Saemund's Edda, in the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• TEXT (Lat. textum, woven fabric, from texere, to weave)

text, along with Swedish See also:

• TRANSLATIONS

translations of both Eddas .

From See also:

• STOCKHOLM

Stockholm he went in 1819 to St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, where he wrote, in See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German, a See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper on " The Languages and Literature of See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway, Iceland, Sweden and Finland," in the See also:

• SIXTH

sixth number of the See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna Jahrbucher . From See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia he proceeded through Tartary into See also:

• PERSIA

Persia, and resided for some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time at See also:

• TABRIZ

Tabriz, See also:

• TEHERAN
• TEHERAN (more properly TEHRAN)

Teheran, See also:

• PERSEPOLIS

Persepolis and See also:

• SHIRAZ

Shiraz . In about six See also:

• WEEKS, EDWIN LORD (1849-1903)

weeks he made himself sufficiently See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of See also:

• PERSIAN
• PERSIAN, SYRIAN, EGYPTIAN AND TURKISH

Persian to be able to converse freely . In 1820 he embarked at See also:

• BUSHIRE, or BANDER BUSHIRE

Bushire for Bombay; and during his See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence there he wrote, in See also:

• ENGLISH

English, " A Dissertation on the Authenticity of the Zend Language" (Trans . Lit . See also:

• SOC

Soc. of Bombay, vol. iii., re-printed with corrections and additions in Trans . R . As . Soc.) . From Bombay he proceeded through See also:

• INDIA
• INDIA, FRENCH

India to See also:

• CEYLON

Ceylon, where he arrived in 1822, and soon afterwards wrote, in English, " A Dissertation respecting the best Method of expressing the Sounds of the See also:

• INDIAN

Indian Languages in European Characters," in the Transactions of the Literary and Agricultural Society of See also:

• COLOMBO

Colombo . Rask returned to Copenhagen in May 1823, bringing a considerable number of See also:

• ORIENTAL

Oriental manuscripts, Persian, Zend, See also:

• PALI

Pali, Sinhalese and others, with which he enriched the collections of the Danish See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital . He died at Copenhagen on the 14th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 183 2 .

During the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period between his return from the East and his See also:

• DEATH

death Rask published in his native language a See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish Grammar (1824), a Frisic Grammar (1825), an Essay on Danish See also:

• ORTHOGRAPHY (from Gr. Opeoc, correct, right or straight, and yp&cbecv, to write)

Orthography (1826), a See also:

• TREATISE

Treatise respecting the Ancient See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian See also:

• CHRONOLOGY (Gr. xpovo?oyfa, computation of time, xp6vos)

Chronology and an See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian Grammar, (1827), and the Ancient Jewish Chronology pervious to See also:

• MOSES (Gr. Mwvo c, Mcoo-i3s)
• MOSES, ASSUMPTION OF

Moses (1828) . He also edited an edition of See also:

• SCHNEIDER, JOHANN GOTTLOB (1750-1822)
• SCHNEIDER, LOUIS (1805-1878)

Schneider's Danish Grammar for the use of Englishmen (183o), and superintended the English See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of his Anglo-Saxon Grammar by See also:

• THORPE [or TnoRP], JOHN (/l. 1570-1618)
• THORPE, BENJAMIN (1782-1870)

Thorpe (183o) . He was the first to point out the connexion between the ancient Northern and See also:

• GOTHIC

Gothic on the one See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand, and the Lithuanian, Sclavonic, Greek and Latin on the other, and he also deserves See also:

• CREDIT (Lat. credere, to believe)

credit for having had the original See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of " See also:

• GRIMM, FRIEDRICH MELCHIOR, I
• GRIMM, JACOB LUDWIG CARL (1785-1863)
• GRIMM, WILHELM CARL (1786-1859)

Grimm's See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

Law " for the transmutation of consonants in the transition from the old Indo-European languages to See also:

• TEUTONIC
• TEUTONIC (GERMANIC) LANGUAGES

Teutonic, although he only compared Teutonic and Greek, See also:

• SANSKRIT

Sanskrit being at the time unknown to him . In 1822 he was master of no less than twenty-five languages and dialects, and is stated to have studied twice as many . His numerous philological manuscripts were transferred to the king's library at Copenhagen . Rask's Anglo-Saxon, Danish and Icelandic Grammars were brought out in English editions by Thorpe, Repp and See also:

• DASENT, SIR GEORGE WEBBE (1817–1896)

Dasent respectively .