See also:

• REALISM (from Low Lat. realis, appertaining to res, things, as opposed to ideas and imaginations)

REALISM (from See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

Low See also:

• LAT

Lat. realis, appertaining to res, things, as opposed to ideas and imaginations)  , a philosophical See also:

• TERM

term used in two opposite senses . The older of these is the scholastic See also:

• DOCTRINE

doctrine, traceable back to See also:

• SOCRATES

Socrates, that universals have a more " real " existence than things . Universals are, in scholastic See also:

• LANGUAGE (adapted from the Fr. langage, from langue, tongue, Lat. lingua)

language, ante res, in See also:

• REBUS (Lat. rebus, " by things ")

rebus and See also:

• POST

post res . Behind all numerous types of chairs there is in the mind the ideal See also:

• CHAIR (in. Mid. Eng. chcere, through O. Fr. chaire or chaiere, from Lat. cathedra, later caledra, Gr. xaOi3pa, seat, cf. "cathedral"; the modern Fr. form chaise, a chair, has been adopted in English with a particular meaning as a form of carriage; chaire

chair of which particular chairs are See also:

• MERE
• MERE, ADALBERT (1838-1909)

mere copies . In the most extreme See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form See also:

• REALISM (from Low Lat. realis, appertaining to res, things, as opposed to ideas and imaginations)

realism denies that anything exists in any sense exceptuniversals . It is opposed to See also:

• NOMINALISM (from Lat. nomen, name)

nominalism (q.v.) and See also:

• CONCEPTUALISM (from " Concept ")

conceptualism (q.v.) . For the See also:

• HISTORY

history of the doctrine, see See also:

• SCHOLASTICISM

SCHOLASTICISM . Realism in this sense has been called " an assertion of the rights of the subject " (cf. the Protagonean See also:

• MAXIM, SIR HIRAM STEVENS (184o- )

maxim, " See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

Man is the measure of all things ") . The See also:

• MODERN

modern application of the term is to the opposing doctrine that there is a reality apart from its presentation to consciousness . In this sense it is opposed to See also:

• IDEALISM (from Gr. i5Ea, archetype or model, through been urged of the truth of its point of view is the persistency Fr. idealisme)

idealism (q.v.), whether the purely subjective or that more comprehensive idealism which makes subject and See also:

• OBJECT

object mutually interdependent . In its crude form it is known as " Natural " or " Naive " Realism . It appears, however, in more complex forms, e:g. as Ideal Realism (or Real Idealism), which combines epistemological idealism with realism in See also:

• META

meta-physics .

Again, See also:

• KANT, IMMANUEL (1724-1804)

Kant distinguishes " empirical " realism, which maintains the existence of things in space See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent of consciousness, from " transcendental " realism, which ascribes See also:

• ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute reality to See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time and space . In literature and See also:

• ART

art " realism " again is opposed to " ideal-ism " in various senses . The realist is (I) he who deliberately declines to select his subjects from the beautiful or harmonious, and, more especially, describes ugly things and brings out details of an unsavoury sort; (2) he who deals with individuals, not types; (3) most properly, he who strives to represent the facts exactly as they are .