See also:

• RECTOR (Lat. for " ruler," " guide," &c., from regere, " rule ")

RECTOR (See also:

• LAT

Lat. for " ruler," " See also:

• GUIDE (in Mid. Eng. gyde, from the Fr. guide; the earlier French form was guie, English " guy," the d was due to the Italian form guida; the ultimate origin is probably Teutonic, the word being connected with the base seen in O. Eng. witan, to know)

guide," &c., from regere, " See also:

• RULE

rule ")  , a See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title given to the bearers of certain ecclesiastical and academical offices . In the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• EMPIRE

empire, after See also:

• CONSTANTINE

Constantine, the title See also:

• RECTOR (Lat. for " ruler," " guide," &c., from regere, " rule ")

rector was See also:

• BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne by See also:

• GOVERNORS

governors of provinces subordinate to the prefects or exarchs . In the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages it was given to certain See also:

• SECULAR (Lat. saecularis, of or belonging to an age or generation, saeculum)

secular officials, e.g. the podestas of some See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian towns, but more especially to the heads of the See also:

• UNIVERSITIES

universities, the representatives and rulers of the universitas magistrorum et scholarium, elected usually for a very See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time . After the humanistic See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement of the See also:

• RENAISSANCE, THE

Renaissance the See also:

• STYLE
• STYLE (from Gr. a-6'1ms, a column; a different word from that used in literature, see below)

style rector was also given to the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief masters of See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools containing several classes, and in some parts of See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany (e.g . See also:

• SAXONY
• SAXONY (Ger. Provinz Sachsen)

Saxony, See also:

• WURTTEMBERG

Wurttemberg) it is still thus used instead of the more See also:

• MODERN

modern title of Director . Rector is also still the title of the heads of the Scottish universities (See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord Rector), who are elected for three years, and of the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German universities (Rector Magnificus), in which the See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office is held for a See also:

• YEAR

year by a representative of each See also:

• FACULTY (through the French, from the Lat. facultas, ability to do anything, from facilis, easy, facere, to do; another form of the word in Lat. facilitas, facility, ease, keeps the original meaning)

faculty in turn . In those German universities where the rectorship is held by the See also:

• SOVEREIGN

sovereign (Rector Magnificentissimus), the acting See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head is known as Prorector . " Rector " is also the title of the heads of See also:

• EXETER
• EXETER, EARL, MARQUESS AND DUKE OF

Exeter and See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln Colleges, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford . The heads of all Jesuit colleges are " rectors." As an ecclesiastical title rector was once loosely used for rulers of the See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church generally, whether bishops, abbots or See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish priests (see Du Cange, Rectores ecclesiarum) . The Rectores A postolici Patrimonii were clerics of the Roman See also:

• CURIA

Curia charged with the See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty of looking after the interests of the patrimony of St See also:

• PETER
• PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
• PETER (PEDRO)
• PETER, EPISTLES OF
• PETER, ST

Peter . The ecclesiastical title rector, however, became ultimately confined in certain parts of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe (See also:

• POLAND (Polish Polska, Ger. Polen), (see POLAND, RUSSIAN, below)
• POLAND, RUSSIAN

Poland, See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain and notably See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England) to the office of a See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest having a cure of souls . In its See also:

• ENGLISH

English use it is thus synonymous with " See also:

• CURATE (from the Lat. curare, to take care of)

curate" in the sense used in the See also:

• PRAYER (from Lat. precari, entreat; Ital. pregaria, Fr. priere)
• PRAYER, BOOK OF COMMON

Prayer See also:

• BOOK

Book .

In the middle ages a large number of rectories were held by religious houses, which See also:

• DREW
• DREW, SAMUEL (1765-1833)

drew the bulk of the See also:

• TITHES

tithes and appointed vicars to do the See also:

• WORK

work . Hence the modern distinction in England between rectors and vicars . A rector is See also:

• INCUMBENT (from Lat. incumbere, to lean, lie upon)

incumbent of a See also:

• BENEFICE (Lat. beneficium, benefit)

benefice never held under a monastery, and he receives all the tithes; a See also:

• VICAR (Lat. vicarius, substitute)

vicar (i.e. of an See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient benefice) draws only such tithes as were See also:

• LEFT

left to the benefice by the religious See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house which held it . On the suppression of the monasteries the " See also:

• GREAT

great tithes " were often bestowed by the See also:

• CROWN

crown on laymen, who, as owning the rectorial tithes, were and are known as " See also:

• LAY

lay rectors." It follows that, rectories being usually richer than vicarages, the style of " rector " is in England slightly more dignified than that of " vicar." In the See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• PROTESTANT

Protestant Episcopal Church the incumbents of churches are called rectors .