Online Encyclopedia

RED RIVER SETTLEMENT

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V22, Page 970 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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RED

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RIVER SETTLEMENT  , a Scottish colony founded in 1811 near the
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present city of
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Winnipeg by a philanthropic Scottish nobleman, Lord Selkirk, who at that time controlled the Hudson's
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Bay
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Company . Quarrels soon arose with the French and
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half-breed employes of the North-West Fur Company, and were fostered by its officials . On
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June 19, 1816, in a fight between the rivals, Governor Semple of the Hudson's Bay Company and twenty of his twenty-seven attendants were killed, an affair known as the
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Battle of Seven Oaks . New settlers were sent by Selkirk, and founded the
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village of Kildonan, now
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part of Winnipeg . In 1821 the
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rival companies
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united, and in 1836 repurchased from Selkirk's heirs all rights to the territory . In 1821 and in 1835 two forts, known as
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Lower and Upper Fort Garry, were built to command the junction of the Red and Assiniboine rivers, and around them grew up a mixed population of Scots, French and Indians . The
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purchase in 1869 of the territorial rights of the Company by the Dominion of
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Canada led to a
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rebellion, and the setting up of a provisional government under Louis Riel, which was dispersed by a force of
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British regulars under Colonel (later Lord) Wolseley . See CANADA (
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History); also George Bryce, Remarkable History of the Hudson's Bay Company (1900) .

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