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KARL LEONHARD REINHOLD (1758-1823)

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 57 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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KARL LEONHARD

REINHOLD (1758-1823)  , German philosopher, was born at Vienna . At the age of fourteen he entered the Jesuit college of St Anna, on the dissolution of which (1774) he joined a similar college of the order of St
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Barnabas . Finding himself out of sympathy with monastic
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life, he fled in 1783 to North Germany, and settled in
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Weimar, where he became Wieland's collaborateur on the German Mercury, and eventually his son-in-law . In the German Mercury he published, in the years 1786—87, his Briefe fiber die Kantische Philosophic, which were most important in making Kant known to a wider circle of readers . As a result of the Letters, Reinhold received a call to the university of
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Jena, where he taught from 1787 to 1794 . In 1789 he published his chief
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work, the Versuch einer neuen Theorie
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des menschlichen Vorstellungsvermogens, in which he attempted to simplify the Kantian theory and make it more of a unity . In 1794 he accepted a call to Kid, where he taught till his
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death in 1823, but his
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independent activity was at an end . In later life he was powerfully influenced by Fichte, and subsequently, on grounds of religious feeling, by Jacobi and Bardili . His
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historical importance belongs entirely to his earlier activity . The development of the Kantian standpoint contained in the " New Theory of Human Understanding " (1789), and in the Fundament des philosophischen Wissens (1791), was called by its author Elementarphilosophie . " Reinhold
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lays greater emphasis than Kant upon the unity and activity of consciousness . The principle of consciousness tells us that every idea is related both to an
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object and a subject, and ie partly to be distinguished, partly
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united to both .

Since

form cannot produce
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matter nor subject object, we are forced to assume a thin¢-in-itself . But this is a notion which is self-contradictory if consciousness be essentially a
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relating activity . There is there- fort something which must be thought and yet cannot be thought" (Hoffding,
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History of
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Modern Philosophy, Eng. trans., vol. ii.) . See R . Keil, Wieland and Reinhold (2nd ed.,
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Leipzig, 1890) ; J . E . Erdmann, Grundriss der Geschichte der Philosophie (Berlin, 1866) ; histories of philosophy by R . Folckenberg and W . Windelband .

End of Article: KARL LEONHARD REINHOLD (1758-1823)
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