See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

JOSEPH See also:

• HUBERT (HUCBERTUS, HUGBERTUS), ST (d. 727)

HUBERT See also:

• JOSEPH HUBERT REINKENS (1821-1896)

REINKENS (1821-1896)  , See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German Old See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Burtscheid, near See also:

• AIX

Aix-la-Chapelle, on the 1st of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1821, his See also:

• FATHER

father being a gardener . In 1836, on the See also:

• DEATH

death of his See also:

• MOTHER

mother, he took to See also:

• MANUAL

manual See also:

• WORK

work in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to support his numerous See also:

• BROTHERS, RICHARD (1757-1824)

brothers and sisters, but in 184o he was able to go to the gymnasium at Aix, and he after-wards studied See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology at the See also:

• UNIVERSITIES

universities of See also:

• BONN

Bonn and See also:

• MUNICH (Ger. Munchen)

Munich . He was ordained See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest in 1848, and in 1849 graduated as See also:

• DOCTOR (Lat. for " teacher ")

doctor in theology . He was soon appointed See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of ecclesiastical See also:

• HISTORY

history at See also:

• BRESLAU (Polish Wraclaw)

Breslau, and in 1865 he was made See also:

• RECTOR (Lat. for " ruler," " guide," &c., from regere, " rule ")

rector of the university . During this See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period he wrote, among other See also:

• TREATISES

treatises, monographs on See also:

• CLEMENT (Lat. Clemens, i.e. merciful; Gr. K)4gs)
• CLEMENT, FRANCOIS (1714-1793)
• CLEMENT, JACQUES (1567-1589)

Clement of See also:

• ALEXANDRIA
• ALEXANDRIA (Arab. Iskenderia)

Alexandria, Hilary of See also:

• POITIERS

Poitiers and See also:

• MARTIN (Martinus)
• MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
• MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
• MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
• MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
• MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
• MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
• MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
• MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
• MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
• MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)

Martin of See also:

• TOURS

Tours . In consequence of an See also:

• ESSAY, ESSAYIST (Fr. essai, Late Lat. exagium, a weighing or balance; exigere, to examine; the term in general meaning any trial or effort)

essay on See also:

• ART

art, especially in tragedy, after See also:

• ARISTOTLE
• ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C.)

Aristotle, he was made doctor in See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy in the university of See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig . When, in 1870, the question of papal See also:

• INFALLIBILITY (Fr. infaillibilite and infallibilite, the latter now obsolete, Med. Lat. infallibilitas, infallibilis, formed from faller, to make a mistake)

infallibility was raised, See also:

• REINKENS, JOSEPH HUBERT (1821-1896)

Reinkens attached himself to the party opposed to the See also:

• PROCLAMATION (Lat. proclamare, to make public by announcement)

proclamation of the See also:

• DOGMA (Gr. Sbypa, from b6aeiv, to seem; literally " that which seems, sc. good or true or useful " to any one)

dogma . He wrote several See also:

• PAMPHLETS

pamphlets on See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church tradition relative to infallibility and on the See also:

• PROCEDURE (Fr. procedure, from Lat. procedere, to go for-ward)

procedure of the See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

Council . When the dogma of infallibility was proclaimed, Reinkens joined the See also:

• BAND

band of influential theologians, headed by Dellinger, who resolved to organize resistance to the See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

decree . He was one of those who signed the See also:

• DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

Declaration of See also:

• NUREMBERG (Ger. Nurnberg)

Nuremberg in 1871, and at the Bonn conferences with Orientals and Anglicans in 1874 and 1875 he was conspicuous . The Old Catholics having decided to See also:

• SEPARATE

separate themselves from the Church of See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome, Reinkens was chosen their bishop in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany at an enthusiastic See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting at See also:

• COLOGNE (Ger. Koln, or officially, since 1900, Coln)

Cologne in 1873 (see OLD CATHOLICS) . On the 11th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August of that See also:

• YEAR

year he was consecrated by Dr Heykamp, bishop of See also:

• DEVENTER

Deventer .

Reinkens devoted himself zealously to his See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office, and it was due to his efforts that the Old Catholic See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement crystallized into an organized church, with a definite status in the various German states . He wrote a number of theological See also:

• WORKS

works after his See also:

• CONSECRATION (Lat. consecrallo, from con and sacrare, " to make sacred ")

consecration, but none of them so important as his See also:

• TREATISE

treatise on See also:

• CYPRIAN, SAINT [Caecilius Cyprianus, called THASCIUS] (c. 200–258)

Cyprian and the Unity of the Church (1873) . The See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act of his episcopal career was his consecration in 1876 of Dr See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• HERZOG, HANS (1819–1894)
• HERZOG, JOHANN JAKOB (1805-1882)

Herzog to preside as bishop over the Old Catholic Church in See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland . In 1881 Reinkens visited See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, and received See also:

• HOLY

Holy Communion more than once with bishops, See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy and laity of the Church of England, and in 1894 he defended the validity of See also:

• ANGLICAN

Anglican orders against his co-religionists, the Old Catholics of See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland . He died at Bonn on the 4th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1896 . See See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph See also:

• HUBERT (HUCBERTUS, HUGBERTUS), ST (d. 727)

Hubert Reinkens, by his See also:

• NEPHEW

nephew, J . M . Reinkens (See also:

• GOTHA

Gotha, 1906) .