EDOUARD

GUILLAUME

See also:

• EUGENE

EUGENE

See also:

• REUSS
• EDOUARD GUILLAUME EUGENE REUSS (1804–18gr)

REUSS (1804–18gr)  , Protestant theologian, was born at Strassburg on the 18th of July 1804 . He studied philology in his native town (1819–22), theology at Gottingen under J . G . Eichhorn; and Oriental languages at Halle under Wilhelm Gesenius, and afterwards at Paris under Silvestre de Sacy (1827–28) . In 1828 he became Privatdozent at Strassburg . From 1829 to 1834 he taught Biblical criticism and Oriental languages at the Strassburg Theological School; he then became assistant, and afterwards, in 1836, regular professor of theology at that university . The sympathies of Reuss were German rather than Frehch, and after the annexation of Alsace to Germany he remained at Strassburg, and retained his professorship till, in 1888, he retiredon a pension . Amongst his earliest works were: De libris veteris Testamenti apocryphis plebi non negandis (1829), Ideen zur Einleitung in das Evangelium Johannis (1840) and Die Johanneische Theologie (1847) . In 1852 he published his Histoire de la theologie chretienne an siecle apostolique, which was followed in 1863 by L'Histoire du canon des saintes ecritures clans l'eglise chretienne . In 1874 he began to publish his translation of the Bible, La Bible, nouvelle traduction avec commentaire . It was the criticism and exegesis of the New Testament which formed the subject of Reuss's earlier labours—in 1842, indeed, he had published in German a history of the books of the New Testament, Geschichte der heiligen Schriften N . Test.; and though his own views were liberal, he opposed the results of the Tubingen school .

After a

time he turned his attention also to Old Testament criticism, for which he was especially fitted by his sound knowledge of Hebrew . In 1881 he published in German his Geschichte der heiligen Schriften A . Test., a veritable encyclopaedia of the history of Israel from its earliest beginning till the taking of Jerusalem by Titus: He died at Strassburg on the 15th of April 1891 . Reuss belonged to the more modern section of the Liberal party in the Lutheran Church . His critical position was to some extent that of K . H . Graf and J . Welihausen, allowing for the circumstances that he was in a sense their forerunner, and was actually for a time Graf's teacher . Indeed, he was really the originator of the new movement, but hesitated to publish the results of his studies . For many years Reuss edited with A . H . Cunitz (b .

1812) the Beitrage zit den theologischen Wissenschaften . With A . H . Cunitz and J . W . Baum (1809–1878), and after their

death alone, he edited the monumental edition of Calvin's works (38 vols., 1863 ff.) . His critical edition of the Old Testament appeared a year after his death . His son, ERNST RUDOLF (b . 1841), was in 1873 appointed city librarian at Strassburg . See the article in Herzog-Hauck, Realencyklopadie, and cf . Otto Pfleiderer, Development of Theology in Germany since Kant (1890) .