See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

BARON DE See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

PAUL See also:

• JULIUS

JULIUS See also:

• REUTER, FRITZ (1810-1894)
• BARON DE PAUL JULIUS REUTER (1821-1899)

REUTER (1821-1899)  , founder of See also:

• REUTER, FRITZ (1810-1894)
• REUTER, PAUL JULIUS, BARON DE (1821-1899)

Reuter's See also:

• NEWS

News Agency, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• CASSEL
• CASSEL, or KASSEL

Cassel, See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . At the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of thirteen he became a clerk in his See also:

• UNCLE

uncle's See also:

• BANK

bank at See also:

• GOTTINGEN

Gottingen, where he chanced to make the acquaintance of See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

Professor See also:

• GAUSS, KARL FRIEDRICH (1777-1855)

Gauss, whose experiments in telegraphy were then attracting some See also:

• ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention . Reuter's mind was thus directed to the value of the speedy transmission of See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information, and in 1849, on the completion of the first See also:

• TELEGRAPH (Gr. Tike, far, and rypaq5eiv, to write)

telegraph lines in Germany and See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, he found an opportunity of turning his ideas to See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account . There was a See also:

• GAP

gap between the termination of the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German See also:

• LINE

line at See also:

• AIX

Aix-la-Chapelle and that of the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French and Belgian lines at See also:

• VERVIERS

Verviers . Reuter organized a news-See also:

• COLLECTING

collecting agency at each of these places, his wife being in See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge of one, himself at the other, and bridged the See also:

• INTERVAL

interval by a See also:

• PIGEON

pigeon-See also:

• POST

post . On the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of through telegraphic communication, Reuter endeavoured to start a news agency in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, but finding that the French See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government's restrictions would render the schettle unworkable, removed in 1851 to See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England and became a naturalized See also:

• BRITISH

British subject . The first submarine See also:

• CABLE (from Late Lat. capulum, a halter, from capere, to take hold of)
• CABLE, GEORGE WASHINGTON (1844– )

cable—between See also:

• DOVER
• DOVER, GEORGE JAMES WELBORE
• DOVER, HENRY JERMYN, EARL OF (c. 1636-1708)
• DOVER, ROBERT (1575-1641)

Dover and See also:

• CALAIS

Calais—had just been laid, and Reuter opened an See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office in See also:

• LONDON

London for the transmission of intelligence between England and the See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

continent . At first, however, his business was practically confined to the transmission of private commercial telegrams to places not connected with the new telegraph See also:

• SYSTEM

system . He appointed agents at the various telegraph termini on the continent to take these despatches off the wires and forward them by See also:

• RAIL

rail or pigeon-post to the addresses . Simultaneously he endeavoured to induce the See also:

• ENGLISH

English papers to publish the See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign news telegrams supplied by his various agents . These efforts were for some years unsuccessful, until in 1858 The Times published the See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

report. of an important speech by See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon III. forwarded by Reuter's Paris See also:

• AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent . Reuter now extended his See also:

• SPHERE (Gr. vclsa?pa, a ball or globe)

sphere of operations all over the See also:

• WORLD

world, and in 1859 obtained leave for the presence of representatives at the headquarters of the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian and French armies during the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war .

In 1866 he laid down a See also:

• SPECIAL

special cable from See also:

• CORK
• CORK (perhaps through Sp. corcha from Lat. cortex, bark, but possibly connected with quercus, oak)
• CORK, RICHARD BOYLE

Cork to Crookhaven, which enabled him to circulate news of the See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• CIVIL

Civil War several See also:

• HOURS, CANONICAL

hours before the steamer could reach See also:

• LIVERPOOL
• LIVERPOOL, EARLS
• LIVERPOOL, EARLS OF

Liverpool . A concession for a cable beneath the See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

Sea to See also:

• CUXHAVEN, or KUXHAVEN

Cuxhaven was granted him by the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• HANOVER
• HANOVER (Ger. Hannover)

Hanover in 1865, and in the same See also:

• YEAR

year a concession was granted him for a cable between France and the See also:

• UNITED

United States, the line being worked jointly by Reuter (whose business had just been converted into a limited liability See also:

• COMPANY

company) and the Anglo-American Telegraph Company . In 1872 he obtained from the shah of See also:

• PERSIA

Persia an exclusive concession to develop the See also:

• INTERNAL

internal resources of that See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, but the See also:

• CON

con-cession was annulled and its privileges transferred to the Imperial Bank of Persia . Reuter was in 1871 given the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

baron by the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• SAXE, JOHN GODFREY (1816-1887)
• SAXE, MAURICE, COMTE DE (1696-1750)

Saxe-See also:

• COBURG

Coburg and See also:

• GOTHA

Gotha, and by a special See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant of See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen See also:

• VICTORIA
• VICTORIA (or VITTORIA), TOMMASSO LUDOVICO DA (C. I540-C. 1613)
• VICTORIA [ALEXANDRINA VICTORIA]

Victoria he and his heirs were authorized to have the privileges of this See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank in England . Baron Reuter died at See also:

• NICE

Nice on the 25th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1899 .