See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

COUNT See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

CHRISTIAN DITLEV See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

FREDERICK See also:

• COUNT CHRISTIAN DITLEV FREDERICK REVENTLOW (1748-1827)

REVENTLOW (1748-1827)  , Danish statesman and reformer, the son of Privy Councillor See also:

• CHRISTIAN
• CHRISTIAN, WILLIAM (1608-1663)

Christian Ditlev See also:

• REVENTLOW, CHRISTIAN DITLEV FREDERICK, COUNT (1748-1827)

Reventlow, See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 11, 1748 . After being educated at the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

academy of Soro and at See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, Reventlow, in See also:

• COMPANY

company with his younger See also:

• BROTHER

brother Johan See also:

• LUDWIG, KARL FRIEDRICH WILHELM (1816—1895)
• LUDWIG, OTTO (1813-1865)

Ludwig and the distinguished Saxon economist Carl See also:

• WENDT, HANS HINRICH (1853— )

Wendt (1731-1815), the best of cicerones on such a tour, travelled through See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany, See also:

• SWITZERLAND

Switzerland, See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, to examine the social, economical and agricultural conditions of civilized See also:

• EUROPE

Europe . A visit to See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden and See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway to study See also:

• MINING

mining and metallurgy completed the curriculum, and when Reventlow in the course of 1770 returned to See also:

• DENMARK
• DENMARK (Danmark)

Denmark he was an authority on all the economic questions of the See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day . In 1774 he held a high position in the Kammerkollegiet, or See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

board of See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade, two years later he entered the See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

Department of Mines, and in 1781 he was a member of the Overskattedirectionen, or See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief taxing board . He had, in 1794, married Frederica See also:

• CHARLOTTE

Charlotte von Beulwitz, who See also:

• BORE

bore him thirteen See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children, and on his See also:

• FATHER

father's See also:

• DEATH

death in 1775 inherited the See also:

• FAMILY

family See also:

• ESTATE (through O. Fr. estat, mod. flat, from Lat. status, state, condition, position, stare, to stand)

estate in Laaland . Reventlow overflowed with progressive ideas, especially as regards See also:

• AGRICULTURE
• AGRICULTURE (from Lat. ages, field, and colere, to cultivate)
• AGRICULTURE, BOARD OF

agriculture, and he devoted himself, See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart and soul, to the improvement of his See also:

• PROPERTY

property and the amelioration of his See also:

• SERFS, SERROS

serfs . Fortunately, the ambition to See also:

• PLAY

play a useful See also:

• PART

part in a wider See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field of activity than he could find in the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country ultimately prevailed . His See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time came when the ultra-conservative See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry of Hoegh Guldberg was dismissed (See also:

• APRIL

April 14th, 1784) and Andreas See also:

• BERNSTORFF, ANDREAS PETER, COUNT VON (1735–1797)
• BERNSTORFF, CHRISTIAN GUNTHER, COUNT VON (1769-1835)
• BERNSTORFF, JOHANN HARTWIG ERNST, COUNT

Bernstorff, the states-See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man for whom Reventlow had the highest admiration, returned to See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power . Reventlow was an excellently trained specialist in many departments, and was always See also:

• FIRM

firm and confident in those subjects which he had made his own . Moreover, he was a man of strong and warm feelings, and deeply religious . The See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition of the peasantry especially interested him . He was convinced that See also:

• FREE

free labour would be far more profitable to the See also:

• LAND

land, and that the See also:

• PEASANT (O. Fr. paysant, Mod. paysan; Lat. pagensis, belonging to the pagus or country; cf. " pagan ")

peasant himself would be. better if released from his thraldom .

His favourite field of labour was thrown open to him when, on the 6th of See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August 1784, he was placed at the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of the Rentekamtneret, which took cognisance of everything See also:

• RELATING

relating to agriculture . His first step was to appoint a small agricultural See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission to better the condition of the See also:

• CROWN

crown serfs, and amongst other things enable them to turn their leaseholds into freeholds . Observing that the Crown See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

Prince See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick was also favourably disposed towards the amelioration of the peasantry, Reventlow induced him, in See also:

• JULY

July 1786, to appoint a See also:

• GRAND

grand commission to take the condition of all the peasantry in the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom into immediate See also:

• CONSIDERATION (from Lat. considerare, to look at closely, examine, generally taken to be from con-, and the base seen in sidus, sideris, a star, the word being supposed to be originally an astrological or astronomical term)

consideration . This celebrated agricultural commission continued its labours for many years, and introduced a whole See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of reforms of the highest importance . Thus the See also:

• ORDINANCE
• ORDINANCE, or ORDONNANCE

ordinance of 8th See also:

• JUNE

June 1787 modified the existing leaseholds, greatly to the See also:

• ADVANTAGE

advantage of the peasantry; the ordinance of loth June 1788 abolished See also:

• VILLENAGE (VILLAINAGE, VILLANAGE, VILLEINAGE)

villenage and completely transformed the much-abused hoveri See also:

• SYSTEM

system whereby the feudal See also:

• TENANT (from Lat. tenere, to hold)

tenant was See also:

• BOUND, or BOUNDARY (from O. Fr. bonde, Med. Lat. bodena or butina, a frontier line)

bound to cultivate his See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord's land as well as his own; and the ordinance of 6th See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December 1799, which did away with hoveri altogether . Reventlow was also instrumental in starting the public See also:

• CREDIT (Lat. credere, to believe)

credit See also:

• BANKS, GEORGE LINNAEUS (1821-1881)
• BANKS, NATHANIEL PRENTISS (1816–1894)
• BANKS, SIR JOSEPH
• BANKS, THOMAS (1735-1805)

banks, for enabling small cultivators to See also:

• BORROW, GEORGE HENRY (18o3-1881)

borrow See also:

• MONEY

money on favourable terms . In See also:

• CONJUNCTION (from Lat. conjungere, to join together)

conjunction with his friend, Heinrich See also:

• ERNST, HEINRICH WILHELM (1814–1865)

Ernst Schimmelmann (1747-1831), he also procured the passing of the ordinances permitting free trade between Denmark and Norway, the free importation of See also:

• CORN (a common Teutonic word; cf. Lat. granum, seed, grain)
• CORN (fromm Lat. corms, horn)

corn from abroad, and the abolition of the mischievous See also:

• MONOPOLY (Gr. govomeXla or govoircaXwv, exclusive sale, from govds, alone, and irwXeiv, to sell)

monopoly of the See also:

• ICELAND (Dan. Island)

Iceland trade . But the See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial See also:

• DISTRESS

distress of Denmark, the See also:

• JEALOUSY (adapted from Fr. jalousie, formed from jaloux, jealous, Low Lat. zelosus, Gr. j'i os, ardour, zeal, from the root seen in '&u', to boil, ferment; cf. " yeast ")

jealousy of the duchies, the ruinous See also:

• POLITICAL

political complications of the See also:

• NAPOLEONIC

Napoleonic See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, and, above all, the Crown Prince Frederick's growing jealousy of his See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official advisers, which led him to See also:

• RULE

rule, or rather See also:

• MISRULE, LORD OF

misrule, for years without the co-operation of his See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

Council of See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

State—all these calamities were at last too much even for Reventlow . On 7th December 1813 he received his dismissal and retired to his estates, where, after working cheerfully among his peasantry to the last, he died on the I,th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1827 . See Adolph Frederik Bergsoe, Grev . C . D .

F . Reventlows Virksomhed (See also:

• COPENHAGEN (Danish Kjobenhavn)

Copenhagen, 1837); See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis Theodor See also:

• ALFRED

Alfred Bobe, Efterl . Papirer fra den Reventlowske Familiekreds (Copenhagen, 1895-97) .