BERNARDIM See also:

• BERNARDIM RIBEIRO (1482-1552)

RIBEIRO (1482-1552)  , the See also:

• FATHER

father of bucolic See also:

• PROSE

prose and See also:

• VERSE (from Lat. versus, literally a line or furrow drawn by turning the plough, from vertere, and afterwards signifying an arrangement of syllables into feet)

verse in See also:

• PORTUGAL

Portugal, was a native of Torrao in the See also:

• ALEMTEJO (i.e. " Beyond the Tagus ")

Alemtejo . His father, Damiao See also:

• RIBEIRO, BERNARDIM (1482-1552)

Ribeiro, was implicated in the See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy against See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

King See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John IL in 1484, and had to flee to See also:

• CASTILE, or CASTILLE (Castilla)

Castile, whereupon See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young Bernardim and his See also:

• MOTHER

mother took See also:

• REFUGE

refuge with their relations See also:

• ANTONIO
• ANTONIO (1429—1498)
• ANTONIO, NICOLAS (1617-1684)

Antonio Zagalo and D . Ignez Zagalo at the Quinta dos Lobos, near See also:

• CINTRA

Cintra . When King Manoel came to the See also:

• THRONE

throne in 1495, he rehabilitated the families persecuted by his predecessor, and Ribeiro was able to leave his See also:

• RETREAT (O. Fr. retrete, mod. retraite, from Lat. retrahere, to draw back)

retreat and return to Torrao . Meanwhile D . Ignez had married a See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich landowner of See also:

• ESTREMOZ

Estremoz, and in 1503 she was summoned to See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court and appointed one of the attendants to the Infanta D . Beatriz . Ribeiro' accompanied her, and through her See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence the. king took him under his See also:

• PROTECTION

protection and sent him to the university of See also:

• LISBON (Lisboa)

Lisbon, where he studied from 1506 to x 5I2 . When he obtained his degree in See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, the king showed him further favour by appointing him to the See also:

• POST

post of Escrivao da Camara, or secretary, and later by bestowing on him the See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit of the military See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order by Sao Thiago . Ribeiro's poetic career commenced with his coming to court, and his See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early verses are to be found in the Cancioneiro Geral of See also:

• GARCIA
• GARCIA (DEL POPOLO VICENTO), MANOEL (1775-1832)

Garcia de See also:

• RESENDE, ANDRE DE (1498-1573)
• RESENDE, GARCIA DE (1470-1536)

Resende (q.v.) . He took See also:

• PART

part. in the historic Seroes do Paco, or See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace evening entertainments, which largely consisted of poetical improvisations; there he met and earned the friendship of the poets Si de See also:

• MIRANDA, FRANCESCO (c. 1754-1816)

Miranda (q.v,) and Christovao See also:

• FALCAO, CHRISTOVAO DE SOUSA (? 1512-1557)

Falcao (q.v.), who became his See also:

• LITERARY

literary comrades and the confidants of his See also:

• ROMANCE

romance, in which See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

hope deferred and See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter disappointment ended in tragedy . Ribeiro had early. conceived a violent See also:

• PASSION (post-classical Lat. passio, formed from pati, passus, to suffer, endure)

passion for his See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

cousin, D .

See also:

• JOANNA (1479-1555)

Joanna Zagalo, the daughter of his protectress, D . Ignez; but, though she seems to have returned it, her See also:

• FAMILY

family opposed her See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage to a See also:

• SINGER, SIMEON (1846-1906)

singer and dreamer with small means and prospects, and finally compelled her to wed a rich See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man, one Pero Gato . When the latter met a violent See also:

• DEATH

death shortly afterwards, D . Joanna retired to a See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house in the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, and it is alleged that Ribeiro visited her, and that their amour resulted in the See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth of a See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child . All we know positively, however, is that in 1521 the See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

lady went into seclusion in the See also:

• CONVENT (Lat. conventus, from convenire, to come together)

convent of St See also:

• CLARE
• CLARE, JOHN (1793-1864)
• CLARE, JOHN FITZGIBBON, 1ST EARL OF (1749-1802)

Clare at Estremoz, where she See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell a victim to a violent See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of See also:

• INSANITY (from Lat. in, not, and sanus, sound)

insanity, and that she died there some years later . It is further alleged that Ribeiro's conduct had caused a See also:

• SCANDAL

scandal which led the king to deprive him of his See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office and See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile him. lout the loss of position and income can have added very little to the poignant grief of such a true See also:

• LOVER, SAMUEL (1797-1868)

lover and profound idealist as Bernardim Ribeiro . He had poured out his See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart in five beautiful eclogues, the earliest in Portuguese, written in the popular octosyllabic verse; and now, hopeless of the future and broken in spirit, he decided to go to See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, for a poet the See also:

• LAND

land of promise . He started early in 1522, and travelled widely in the See also:

• PENINSULA
• PENINSULA (Lat. paeninsula, from paene, almost, and insula, an island)

peninsula, and during his stay he wrote his moving knightly and See also:

• PASTORAL (from Lat. pastor, a shepherd)

pastoral romance Menina e Moca, in which he related the See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story of his unfortunate passion, personifying himself under the See also:

• ANAGRAM (Gr. ava, back, and ypa(beiv, to write)

anagram of " Bimnarder," and D . Ignez under that of " See also:

• AONIA

Aonia." When he returned See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home in 1524, the new king, John III., restored, him to his former post, and it is said that he paid a last visit to his love at St Clare's convent and found her in a See also:

• FIT

fit of raving madness . This no doubt preyed on a mind already unhinged by trouble, and hastened the decline of his See also:

• MENTAL

mental See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers, which had already commenced . About 1534 a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long illness supervened, and the years that elapsed between that See also:

• YEAR

year and his death may be described as the See also:

• NIGHT

night of his soul . He was quite unable to fulfil the duties of his office, and in x549 the king bestowed upon him a See also:

• PENSION (Lat. pensio, a payment, from pendere, to weigh, to pay)

pension for his support; but he did not live long to enjoy it, for in 1552 he died insane in All See also:

• SAINTS, BATTLE OF THE

Saints See also:

• HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

Hospital in Lisbon .

The Menina e See also:

• MOP

Mop was not printed until after Ribeiro's death, and then first in See also:

• FERRARA

Ferrara in 1554 . On its appearancethe See also:

• BOOK

book made such a sensation that its See also:

• READING

reading was forbidden, because, though it contained nothing heterodox, it disclosed a family tragedy which the See also:

• ALLEGORY (iXXos, other, and ayopeuav, to speak)

allegory could not hide . It is divided into two parts, the first of which is certainly the See also:

• WORK

work of Ribeiro, while as to the second See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion is divided, though Dr Theophilo See also:

• BRAGA

Braga considers it genuine and explains its progressive lack of lucidity and order by the mental illness of the author . The first part has been ably edited by Dr Jose Pessanha (See also:

• OPORTO (i.e. o Porto, " the port ")

Oporto,1891); Ribeiro's verses, including his five eclogues, which for' their sincerity of feeling, See also:

• SIMPLE

simple diction and chaste form are unsurpassed in Portuguese literature, were reprinted in a limited edition de luxe by Dr See also:

• XAVIER, FRANCISCO DE (1506-1552)

Xavier da Cunha (Lisbon, 1886) .