See also:

• CLAUDIUS
• CLAUDIUS [TIBERIUS CLAUDIUS DRUSUS NERO GERMANICUS]
• CLAUDIUS, MARCUS AURELIUS
• CLAUDIUS, MATTHIAS (174o-1815)

CLAUDIUS See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

JAMES See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• CLAUDIUS JAMES RICH (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

RICH (1787-1821)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English traveller and See also:

• SCHOLAR, SCHOLARSHIP

scholar, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born near See also:

• DIJON

Dijon on the 28th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1787 . His youth was spent at See also:

• BRISTOL
• BRISTOL, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• BRISTOL, GEORGE DIGBY, 2ND EARL OF1 (1612-1677)
• BRISTOL, JOHN DIGBY, 1ST EARL OF 6 (1580-1653)

Bristol . He See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed a See also:

• GIFT (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. die Gift, gift, das Gift, poison, formed from the Teut. stem gab-, to give, cf. Dutch geven, Ger. geben; in O. Eng. the word appears with initial y, the guttural of later English is due to Scandinavian influence)

gift for See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages, becoming See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar not only with Latin arid See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek but also with See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew, See also:

• SYRIAC

Syriac, See also:

• PERSIAN
• PERSIAN, SYRIAN, EGYPTIAN AND TURKISH

Persian, See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish and other Eastern See also:

• TONGUES, GIFT OF, or GLOSSOLALIA (yXwova, tongue, aXeiv, speak)

tongues . In 1804 See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

Rich went to See also:

• CONSTANTINOPLE
• CONSTANTINOPLE, COUNCILS OF

Constantinople, where, and at See also:

• SMYRNA (Ismir)

Smyrna, he stayed some See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time, perfecting himself in Turkish . Proceeding, to See also:

• ALEXANDRIA
• ALEXANDRIA (Arab. Iskenderia)

Alexandria as assistant to the See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• CONSUL
• CONSUL (in Gr. generally ihraros,ashortened form of errpavgybs 8hraeos, i.e. praetor maximus)

consul-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general there, he devoted himself to Arabic and its various dialects, and made himself See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master of Eastern See also:

• MANNERS, CHARLES (1857– )

manners and usages . ,On leaving See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt he travelled by See also:

• LAND

land to the Persian Gulf, disguised as a See also:

• MAMELUKE (anglicized through the French, from the Arabic mantluk, a slave)

Mameluke, visiting See also:

• DAMASCUS

Damascus, and entering the See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• MOSQUE (through Fr. mosquie; Span. mezquila, from Arab. masjid, sajada, to adore)

mosque undetected . At Bombay, which he reached in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 18o7, he was the See also:

• GUEST (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Gast, and Swed. gust; cognate with Lat. hostis, originally a stranger, hence enemy; cf. " host " )
• GUEST, EDWIN (1800–188o)

guest of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• MACKINTOSH, SIR JAMES (176 1832)

Mackintosh, whose eldest daughter he married in See also:

• JANUARY

January 18o8, proceeding soon after to See also:

• BAGDAD, or BAGHDAD

Bagdad as See also:

• RESIDENT

resident . There he began his investigations into the See also:

• GEOGRAPHY (Gr. yil, earth, and ypiickty, to write)

geography, See also:

• HISTORY

history and antiquities of the See also:

• DISTRICT

district . He explored the remains of See also:

• BABYLON (mod. Hillah)

Babylon, and projected ,a See also:

• GEOGRAPHICAL

geographical and statistical See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the pashalic of Bagdad . The results of his • See also:

• WORK

work at Babylon appeared first in. the See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna serial Mines de l'orient, and in 1815 in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, under the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title Narrative of a See also:

• JOURNEY (through O. Fr. jornee or journee, mod. Fr. journee, from med. Lat. diurnata, Lat. diurnus, of or belonging to dies, day)

Journey to the Site o f Babylon in a8x.r . In 1813–14 Rich spent some dine in See also:

• EUROPE

Europe, and on his return to Bagdad devoted himself to the study of the geography of See also:

• ASIA

Asia See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

Minor, and collected much See also:

• INFORMATION (from Lat. informare, to give shape or form to, to represent, describe)

information in Syrian and Chaldaean convents concerning the See also:

• YEZIDIS

Yezidis . During this See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period he made a second excursion to Bahylon, and in 182o undertook an extensive tour to See also:

• KURDISTAN

Kurdistan—from Bagdad See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north to Sulimania, eastward to Sinna, then- See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west to See also:

• NINEVEH (Heb. m}'?, in classical authors Nivos, Ninus; LXX. Ntsetni, Nnveun: Assyrian Nind or Ninua)

Nineveh, and thence down the See also:

• TIGRIS (Old Persian Tigrd, Diklat of the cuneiform inscriptions, Hiddekel of the Old Testament, Diglath of the Targum, Digla of the Arabs)

Tigris to Bagdad .

The narrative of this journey, which contained the first accurate knowledge (from scientific observation) regarding the See also:

• TOPOGRAPHY
• TOPOGRAPHY (Gr. Toros, place, -partied', to write)

topography and geography of the region, was published by his widow under the title, Narrative of a See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

Residence in Koordistan and on the site of See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

Ancient Nineveh, &c . (See also:

• LONDON

London, 1836) . In 1821 Rich went to Basora, whence he made an excursion to See also:

• SHIRAZ

Shiraz, visiting the ruins of See also:

• PERSEPOLIS

Persepolis and the other remains in the neighbourhood . At Shiraz he died of See also:

• CHOLERA (from the Gr. Xo)du, tile, and Map, to flow)

cholera on the 5th of See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1821 . His See also:

• FINE

fine collections of See also:

• MANUSCRIPTS

manuscripts and coins was See also:

• PURCHASED

purchased by the British Museum .