CLAUDIUS

See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

JAMES

See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• CLAUDIUS JAMES RICH (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

RICH (1787-1821)  , English traveller and scholar, was born near Dijon on the 28th of March 1787 . His youth was spent at Bristol . He early developed a gift for languages, becoming familiar not only with Latin arid Greek but also with Hebrew, Syriac, Persian, Turkish and other Eastern tongues . In 1804 Rich went to Constantinople, where, and at Smyrna, he stayed some time, perfecting himself in Turkish . Proceeding, to Alexandria as assistant to the British consul-general there, he devoted himself to Arabic and its various dialects, and made himself master of Eastern manners and usages . ,On leaving Egypt he travelled by land to the Persian Gulf, disguised as a Mameluke, visiting Damascus, and entering the great mosque undetected . At Bombay, which he reached in September 18o7, he was the guest of Sir James Mackintosh, whose eldest daughter he married in January 18o8, proceeding soon after to Bagdad as resident . There he began his investigations into the geography, history and antiquities of the district . He explored the remains of Babylon, and projected ,a geographical and statistical account of the pashalic of Bagdad . The results of his • work at Babylon appeared first in. the Vienna serial Mines de l'orient, and in 1815 in England, under the title Narrative of a Journey to the Site o f Babylon in a8x.r . In 1813–14 Rich spent some dine in Europe, and on his return to Bagdad devoted himself to the study of the geography of Asia Minor, and collected much information in Syrian and Chaldaean convents concerning the Yezidis . During this period he made a second excursion to Bahylon, and in 182o undertook an extensive tour to Kurdistan—from Bagdad north to Sulimania, eastward to Sinna, then- west to Nineveh, and thence down the Tigris to Bagdad .

The narrative of this journey, which contained the first accurate knowledge (from scientific observation) regarding the

topography and geography of the region, was published by his widow under the title, Narrative of a Residence in Koordistan and on the site of Ancient Nineveh, &c . (London, 1836) . In 1821 Rich went to Basora, whence he made an excursion to Shiraz, visiting the ruins of Persepolis and the other remains in the neighbourhood . At Shiraz he died of cholera on the 5th of October 1821 . His fine collections of manuscripts and coins was purchased by the British Museum .