1ST See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

BARON See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• 1ST BARON RICH RICHARD RICH (1490?-1567)

RICH See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

RICHARD RICH (1490?-1567)  , See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born of a See also:

• HAMPSHIRE (or COUNTY OF SOUTHAMPTON, abbreviated HANTS)

Hampshire See also:

• FAMILY

family about 1490, in the See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish of St Laurence Jewry, See also:

• LONDON

London . His See also:

• GREAT

great-grandfather, See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

Rich, was a wealthy See also:

• MERCER (through Fr. mercier, from popular Lat. mercerius, a dealer, merx, merces, merchandise)

mercer and See also:

• SHERIFF

sheriff of the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of London in 1441 . Probably Lord Rich's See also:

• FATHER

father was also a mercer, buthe sent his son to the See also:

• MIDDLE

Middle See also:

• TEMPLE
• TEMPLE, FREDERICK (1821-1902)
• TEMPLE, RICHARD
• TEMPLE, SIR RICHARD, BART
• TEMPLE, SIR WILLIAM, BART

Temple, where See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas More was among his acquaintances . More told him at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of his trial that he was reputed See also:

• LIGHT

light of his See also:

• TONGUE (O. Eng. lunge)

tongue, a great dicer and gamester, and not of any commendable fame; but he was a See also:

• COMMISSIONER

commissioner of the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace in See also:

• HERTFORDSHIRE [HERrs]

Hertfordshire in 1528, and in the next autumn became reader at the Middle Temple . Other preferments followed, and in 1533 he was knighted and became See also:

• SOLICITOR

solicitor-See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, in which capacity he was to See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act under Thomas See also:

• CROMWELL, HENRY (1628-1674)
• CROMWELL, OLIVER (1599-1658)
• CROMWELL, RICHARD (1626–1712)
• CROMWELL, THOMAS, EARL OF

Cromwell as a " lesser See also:

• HAMMER, FRIEDRICH JULIUS (1810-1862)

hammer " for the demolition of the monasteries, and to secure the operation of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VIII.'s act of supremacy . He had an odious See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share in the trials of Sir Thomas More and See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

Bishop See also:

• FISHER
• FISHER, ALVAN (1792–1863)
• FISHER, GEORGE PARK (1827-1909)
• FISHER, JOHN (c. 1469-1535)
• FISHER, JOHN ARBUTHNOT FISHER, 1ST BARON

Fisher . In both cases he made use in his See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence against the prisoner of admissions made in a professedly friendly conversation, and in More's See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case the words he had used were misreported and received a misconstruction that could hardly be other than wilful . More ex-pressed his See also:

• OPINION (Lat. opinio, from opinari, to think)

opinion of the See also:

• WITNESS
• WITNESS (from O. Eng. witan, to know)

witness in open See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court with a candour that might well have dismayed Rich . Rich became the first chancellor (See also:

• APRIL

April 19, 1536) of the Court of Augmentations established for the disposal of the monastic revenues . His own share of the spoil, acquired either by See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

grant or See also:

• PURCHASE

purchase, included Leez (Leighs) Priory and about a See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred manors in See also:

• ESSEX
• ESSEX, ARTHUR CAPEL
• ESSEX, EARLS OF
• ESSEX, KINGDOM OF
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX
• ESSEX, ROBERT DEVEREUX, 2ND2 EARL OF (1566-1601)
• ESSEX, WALTER DEVEREUX, IST2 EARL OF (1541–1576)

Essex . He was See also:

• SPEAKER

Speaker of the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of See also:

• COMMONS

Commons in the same See also:

• YEAR

year, and advocated the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's policy . In spite of the share he had taken in the suppression of the monasteries, and of the See also:

• PART

part he was to See also:

• PLAY

play under See also:

• EDWARD

Edward VI., his religious convictions remained See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic .

His testimony helped the conviction of Thomas Cromwell, and he was a willing See also:

• AGENT (from Lat. agere, to act)

agent in the Catholic reaction which followed . See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne See also:

• ASKEW

Askew stated that the Chancellor Wriothesley and Rich screwed the See also:

• RACK

rack at her See also:

• TORTURE (from Lat. torquere, to twist)

torture with their own hands . Rich was one of the executors of the will of Henry VIII., on which so much suspicion has been thrown, and on the 26th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1548 he became See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron Rich of Leez . In the next See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month he succeeded Wriothesley as chancellor, an See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office in which he found full See also:

• SCOPE (through Ital. scopo, aim, purpose, intent, from Gr. o'KOaos, mark to shoot at, aim, o ic07reiv, to see, whence the termination in telescope, microscope, &c.)

scope for the business and legal ability he undoubtedly possessed . He supported See also:

• PROTECTOR

Protector See also:

• SOMERSET, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SOMERSET, EDMUND BEAUFORT, DUKE OF (c. 1404–1455)
• SOMERSET, EDWARD SEYMOUR, DUKE OF (c. 1506–1552)
• SOMERSET, LORD ROBERT EDWARD HENRY (1776-1842)
• SOMERSET, ROBERT CARR (or KER), EARL OF (e. 1590-1645)

Somerset in his subversive reforms in See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church matters, in the See also:

• PROSECUTION

prosecution of his See also:

• BROTHER

brother Lord See also:

• SEYMOUR
• SEYMOUR, HORATIO (1810-1886)
• SEYMOUR, or ST MAUR
• SEYMOUR, THOMAS

Seymour of Sudeley, and in the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of his policy until the crisis of his fortunes in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1549, when he deserted to See also:

• WARWICK
• WARWICK, EARLS OF
• WARWICK, RICHARD BEAUCHAMP, EARL OF (1382—1439)
• WARWICK, RICHARD NEVILLE, EARL OF (1428—1471)
• WARWICK, SIR PHILIP (1609-1683)
• WARWICK, SIR ROBERT RICH, 2ND EARL OF (1587–1658)

Warwick (afterwards See also:

• NORTHUMBERLAND
• NORTHUMBERLAND, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• NORTHUMBERLAND, JOHN DUDLEY, VISCOUNT LISLE, EARL OF WARWICK
• NORTHUMBERLAND, JOHN NEVILLE, EARL OF (c. 1430-1471)

Northumberland), and pre-sided over the trial of his former See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief . His daughter had married Warwick's son, and both men were at See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart no See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends to the reformed See also:

• RELIGION
• RELIGION, FOLKLORE, CUSTOM

religion . Nevertheless, Rich took part in the prosecution of bishops See also:

• GARDINER
• GARDINER, JAMES (1688-1745)
• GARDINER, SAMUEL RAWSON (1829–1902)
• GARDINER, STEPHEN (c. 1493–1555)

Gardiner and See also:

• BONNER, EDMUND (1500?—1569)

Bonner, and in the harsh treatment accorded to the Princess See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary . Possibly this harshness was exaggerated, for Mary on her See also:

• ACCESSION (from Lat. accedere, to go to, to approach)

accession showed no See also:

• ILL

ill-will to Rich . He retired from the chancellorship on the ground of ill-See also:

• HEALTH

health in the See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close of 1551, at the time of the final See also:

• BREACH (Mid. Eng. breche, derived from the common Teutonic root brec, which appears in " break," Ger. brechen, &c.)

breach between Northumberland and Somerset . He was now sixty years old, and there is no See also:

• REASON (Lat. ratio, through French raison)

reason to suspect the sincerity of his plea . There is an improbable See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

story, however, to the effect that Rich warned Somerset of his danger in the See also:

• TOWER (Lat. turris; Fr. tour, clocker; Ital. torre; Ger. Thurm)

Tower, and that the See also:

• LETTER (through Fr. lettre from Lat. littera or litera, letter of the alphabet; the origin of the Latin word is obscure; it has probably no connexion with the root of linere, to smear, i.e. with wax, for an inscription with a stilus)

letter was delivered by See also:

• MISTAKE (i.e. take amiss)

mistake to the See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

• NORFOLK
• NORFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Norfolk, who handed it to Northumberland . Lord Rich took an active part in the restoration of the old religion in Essex under the new reign, and was one of the most active of persecutors .

His reappearances in the privy See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council were rare during Mary's reign; but under See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth he served on a See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission to inquire into the grants of See also:

• LAND

land made under Mary, and in 1566 was sent for to advise on the question of the See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

queen's See also:

• MARRIAGE

marriage . He died at See also:

• ROCHFORD
• ROCHFORD, EARL OF

Rochford, Essex, on the 12th of See also:

• JUNE

June 1567, and was buried in See also:

• FELSTED, or FELSTEAD

Felsted church . In Mary's reign he had founded a chaplaincy with See also:

• PROVISION (Lat. provisio)

provision for the singing of masses and dirges, and the ringing of bells in Felsted church . To this was added a Lenten See also:

• ALLOWANCE (from "allow,' derived through 0. Fr. alouer from the two Lat. origins adlaudare, to praise, and allocare, to assign a place; so that the English word combined the general idea of "assigning with approval")

allowance of See also:

• HERRINGS, BATTLE OF THE

herrings to the in-habitants of three parishes . These donations were transferredin 1564 to the See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation of a See also:

• GRAMMAR (from Lat. grammatica, sc. ars; Gr. ypaµ)

grammar-school at Felsted for instruction, primarily for See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children born on the founder's manors, in Latin, See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek and divinity . The patronage of the school remained in the family of the founder until 1851 . By his wife Elizabeth See also:

• JENKS, JEREMIAH WHIPPLE (1856– )

Jenks, or Gynkes, he had fifteen children . The eldest son See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert (1537?-1581), second Baron Rich, supported the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation, and his See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson Robert, third lord, was created See also:

• EARL

earl of Warwick in 1618 . The chief authorities are the See also:

• OFFICIAL (Late Lat. QJicialis, for class. Lat. apparitor, from officium, office, duty)

official records of the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period covered by his official See also:

• LIFE

life, calendared in the Rolls See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

Series . See also A . F . See also:

• POLLARD, EDWARD ALBERT (1828–1872)

Pollard, See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England under Protector Somerset (19oo); P .

Morant, See also:

• HISTORY

History of Essex (2 vols., 1768) ; R . W . See also:

• DIXON
• DIXON, GEORGE (1755 ?–1800)
• DIXON, HENRY HALL (1822-1870)
• DIXON, RICHARD WATSON (1833-1900)
• DIXON, WILLIAM HEPWORTH (1821-1879)

Dixon, History of the Church of England (6 vols., 1878–19o2); and lives in J . Sargeaunt's History of Felsted School (1889), Lord See also:

• CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER (1788–1866)
• CAMPBELL, BEATRICE STELLA (Mrs PATRICK CAMPBELL) (1865– )
• CAMPBELL, GEORGE (1719–1796)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN
• CAMPBELL, JOHN (1708-1775)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN CAMPBELL, BARON (1779-1861)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN FRANCIS
• CAMPBELL, LEWIS (1830-1908)
• CAMPBELL, REGINALD JOHN (1867— )
• CAMPBELL, THOMAS (1777—1844)

Campbell's Lives of the Lord Chancellors (1845-69), and C . H . & T . See also:

• COOPER
• COOPER (or COUPER), THOMAS (c. 1517-1594)
• COOPER, ABRAHAM (1787—1868)
• COOPER, ALEXANDER (d. i66o)
• COOPER, CHARLES HENRY (18o8-1866)
• COOPER, JAMES FENIMORE (1789-1851)
• COOPER, PETER (1791-1883)
• COOPER, SAMUEL (1609-1672)
• COOPER, SIR ASTLEY PASTON (1768-1841)
• COOPER, THOMAS (1759–1840)
• COOPER, THOMAS (1805–1892)
• COOPER, THOMAS SIDNEY (1803–1902)

Cooper's Athenae Cantabrigienses (2 vols., 1858–61) .