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See also: Canadian agitator, son of See also: Louis
See also: Riel and Julie deLagemaundiere, was See also: born at St Boniface, on the 23rd of See also: October 1844, according to his own account, though others place his See also: birth in 1847
.
Though known as a See also: half-breed, or Metis, and though with both See also: Indian and Irish ancestors, his See also: blood was mainly French
.
From See also: July 1866 he worked for two years at various occupations in See also: Minnesota, returning in July, i868 to St Vital, near St Boniface
.
In 1869 the transfer of the territorial rights of the Hudson's See also: Bay See also: Company to the dominion of See also: Canada gave See also: great uneasiness to the Metis, and in October 1869 a party led by Riel turned back at the See also: American frontier the newly appointed Canadian governor; in See also: November they captured Fort Garry (See also: Winnipeg), the headquarters of the Company, and called a See also: convention which passed a See also: bill of rights
.
In See also: December a ' provisional See also: government was set up, of which on the 29th of December Riel was made president, and which defeated ' two attacks made on it by the See also: English-speaking settlers of the vicinity
.
So far the Metis had been within their rights, but Riel was flighty, vain and mystical, and his judicial See also: murder on the 4th of See also: March 1870 of
See also: Thomas
See also: Scott, an• Orange-See also: man from See also: Ontario, roused against him the whole of English-speaking Canada
.
An expedition was equipped and sent out under Colonel Garnet, later See also: Lord, Wolseley, 'which captured Fort Garry on the 24th of See also: August i87o, Riel decamping
.
(See STRATHCONA, Loin.) He was not arrested,' and on the 4th of August 1871 urged his countrymen to combine with the Canadians against a threatened attack from American See also: Fenians, for which See also: good service he was publicly thanked by the See also: lieutenant-governor
.
In 1872 for religious reasons he changed his name to Louis See also: David Riel
.
In October 1873 he became member of the Dominion parliament for Provencher, came to See also: Ottawa and took the See also: oath, but did not sit
.
On the 16th of See also: April 1874 he was expelled the See also: House, but in See also: September was again elected for Provencher; on the loth of See also: February 1875 he was outlawed, and the seat thereby again vacated
.
In 1877–78 he was for over a See also: year a patient in the Beauport See also: asylum for the insane, but from 1879 to 1884 he lived quietly in See also: Montana, where in 1881 he married See also: Marguerite Bellimeure
.
In 1884 in response to a deputation from the Metis, who had moved west to the forks of the SaskatchewanSee also: river, he returned to Canada to win redress for their wrongs
.
His own rashness and the .ineptitude of Canadian politicians and officials brought on a rising, which was crushed after some hard fighting, and on the
.
15th of May 1885 Riel surrendered
.
He was imprisoned at See also: Regina, was tried and on the 1st of August found guilty of treason, and on the 16th of November was hanged at Regina, meeting his See also: fate with courage
.
His See also: death was the See also: signal for a fierce outburst of racialism in See also: Quebec and Ontario, which nearly overthrew the Conservative government of the Dominion
.
See J
.
S
.
Willison, See also: Sir See also: Wilfrid See also: Laurier, vol. i
.
See also: George See also: Bryce, See also: History of the Hudson's Bay Company (1900); and the Canadian daily See also: press for 1885
.
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