HEINRICH

RITTER (1791-1869)  , -German philosopher, was born at Zerbst on the 21st of November 1791, and died at Gottingen on the 3rd of February 1869 . He studied philosophy and theology at Gottingen and Berlin until 1815 . In 1824 he became extraordinary professor of philosophy at Berlin, whence he was transferred to Kiel, where he occupied the chair of philosophy from 1833 to 1837 . He then accepted a simii~r~ position at the university of Gottingen, where he remaine1 till his death . His chief work was a history of philosophy (Geschichte der Philosophic) published in twelve volumes at Hamburg from 1829 to 1853 . This book is the product of a wide and thorough knowledge of the subject aided by an impartial critical faculty, and its value is demonstrated by the fact that it has been translated into almost all the languages of Europe . He wrote also accounts of ancient schools of philosophy, the Ionians, the Pythagoreans and the Megarians . Beside these important historical works, he published a large number of treatises of which the following may be mentioned: Versuch zur Verstdndigung giber die neueste deutsche Philosophic zeit Kant (1853); Die christliche Philosophie b'is auf die neuesten Zeiten (2 vols., 1858–59), a work which supplemented the Geschichte; Abriss der philosophischen Logik (1824); Ueber das Verhaltnis der Philosophie zum Leben (1835); Historic philosophiae Graeco-Romanae (in collaboration with Preller, 1838; 7th ed., 1888); Kleine philosophische Schriften (1839–40) ; System der Logik and Metaphysik (1856) ; Encyklopadie der philosophischen Wissenschaften (1862–64); Ernest Renan, uber die Naturwissenschaften and die Geschichte (1865); Ueber das Bose and seine Folgen (1869) . Of these latter, the one best known in England is the History of Greek and Roman Philosophy, which, by reason of the excellence of its arrangement and its judicious quotations and 'notes, is almost indispensable to the student of ancient philosophy .