See also:

• ROCHET (Lat. rochettum, from the late Lat. roccus, connected with the O.H.Ger. rock, roc and the A.S. rocc; Fr. rocket, Ital. rocchetto, Sp. roquete, Ger. Rochett, Chorkleid)

ROCHET (See also:

• LAT

Lat. rochettum, from the See also:

• LATE

late Lat. roccus, connected with the O.H.Ger. See also:

• ROCK
• ROCK (O.Fr. rake, Sp. rota, Ital. rocca; possibly from a Lat. form rupica, from rupes, rock)
• ROCK, DANIEL (1799–187t)

rock, See also:

• ROC

roc and the A.S. rocc; Fr. See also:

• ROCKET

rocket, Ital. rocchetto, Sp. roquete, Ger. Rochett, Chorkleid)  , an ecclesiastical vestment . In the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

Church the See also:

• ROCHET (Lat. rochettum, from the late Lat. roccus, connected with the O.H.Ger. rock, roc and the A.S. rocc; Fr. rocket, Ital. rocchetto, Sp. roquete, Ger. Rochett, Chorkleid)

rochet is a See also:

• TUNIC (0. Eng. tunice, tunical, taken, before the Norman con-quest, directly from Lat. tunica, of which the origin is unknown)

tunic of See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white, and usually See also:

• FINE

fine See also:

• LINEN

linen or See also:

• MUSLIN (through Fr. mousseline from It. mussolino, diminutive of Mussolo, i.e. the town Mosul in Kurdistan)

muslin (battiste, See also:

• MULL

mull) reaching about to the See also:

• KNEE (O. E. cneow, a word common to Indo-European languages, cf. Ger. Knie, Fr. genou, Span. hinojo, Lat. genu, Gr. ybvv, Sansk. janu)

knee, and distinguished from the See also:

• SURPLICE (Late Lat. superpelliceum; Fr. super, over, and pellis, fur; Span. sobrepellice; Fr. surplis; in Ital. cotta and Ger. Chorrock, choir coat)

surplice by the fact that its arms are narrow and tight-fitting . The See also:

• LOWER

lower edge and the sleeves are usually garnished with See also:

• LACE (corresponding to Ital. merletto, trina; Genoese Pizzo; Ger. spitzen; Fr. dentelle; Dutch kanten; Span. encaje; the English word owes something to the Fr. lassis or laces, but both are connected with the earlier Lat. laqueus; early French laces were

lace, lined with See also:

• VIOLET

violet or red See also:

• SILK

silk in the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of prelates, or—more rarely—with embroidered See also:

• BORDERS, THE

borders . The rochet is proper to, and distinctive of, prelates and bishops: but the right to See also:

• WEAR

wear it is sometimes granted by the See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

pope to others, especially the canons of See also:

• CATHEDRAL

cathedral churches . It is not a vestis sacra, and cannot therefore be used as a sub.-stitute for the surplice, e.g. in the administering of the Sacra-merits (See also:

• DECREE (from the past participle, decretus, of Lat. decernere)

Decree of the See also:

• CONGREGATION (Lat. congregatio, a gathering together, from cum, with, grex, gregis, a flock, herd)

Congregation of See also:

• RITES

Rites of See also:

• JAN

Jan . 10, 1852) . None the less, since it is used at See also:

• CHOIR (0. Fr. cuer from Lat. chorus; pronounced quire, and until the end of the 17th century so spelt, the spelling being altered to agree with the Fr. chceur)

choir services and is ordered to be worn over the everyday See also:

• DRESS (from the Fr. dresser, to set out, arrange, formed from Lat. directus, arranged, dirigere, to direct, arrange)

dress at See also:

• MASS (O.E. maesse; Fr. messe; Ger. Messe; Ital. messa; from eccl. Lat. missa)
• MASS, IN

Mass (Missy rem . Rit. celebr. i . 2), it may be included among liturgical See also:

• VESTMENTS

vestments in the widest sense . The earliest See also:

• NOTICE

notice of the use of the rochet is found in an See also:

• INVENTORY (post-class. Lat. inventarium, a list or repertory, from invenire to find)

inventory of the vestments of the Roman See also:

• CLERGY (M.E. clergie, O. Fr. clergie, from Low Lat. form clericia [Skean, by assimilation with O. Fr. clergie, Fr. clerge,from Low Lat. clericatus)
• CLERGY, BENEFIT OF

clergy, dating from the 9th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . In this it is called camisia, a name which it retained at See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome until the 14th century, and it seems to have been already at that See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time proper to particular members of the clergy . Other Roman names for the vestment were succa, sucta; it was not till the 14th century that the name rochettum appeared at Rome, but it was not See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long before it had superseded all the native designations .

Outside Rome, too, the vestment is See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early met with, e.g. in the Frankish See also:

• EMPIRE

empire (9th century) as See also:

• ELBA (Gr. AiWaXla; Lat. Ilva)

elba clericalis, in contradistinction to the liturgical See also:

• ALB (Lat. alba, from albus, white)

alb, and in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England (loth century) under the name of oferslip in the 46th See also:

• CANON

canon of the ecclesiastical See also:

• LAWS

laws of See also:

• EDGAR (EADGAR)
• EDGAR, or EADGAR (c. 1050-c. 1130)

Edgar . At the beginning of the 12th century the rochet is mentioned, under the name of camisia, by See also:

• GILBERT
• GILBERT (KINGSMILL) ISLANDS
• GILBERT (or GYLBERDE), WILLIAM (1544-1603)
• GILBERT, ALFRED (1854– )
• GILBERT, ANN (1821-1904)
• GILBERT, GROVE KARL (1843– )
• GILBERT, J
• GILBERT, JOHN (1810-1889)
• GILBERT, MARIE DOLORES ELIZA ROSANNA [" LOLA MONTEZ "] (1818-1861)
• GILBERT, NICOLAS JOSEPH LAURENT (1751–1780)
• GILBERT, SIR HUMPHREY (c. 1539-1583)
• GILBERT, SIR JOSEPH HENRY (1817-1901)
• GILBERT, SIR WILLIAM SCHWENK (1836– )

Gilbert of See also:

• LIMERICK

Limerick and by See also:

• HONORIUS
• HONORIUS, FLAVIUS (384-423)

Honorius, and, some-what later, by Gerloh of Reichersperg as tunica talaris . From the 13th century onward it is frequently mentioned . The name rochettum is first traceable in England; in See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany and See also:

• NORTHERN

northern See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France the rochet was also called saroht (sarrotus) or sarcos (sarcotium) . Outside Rome the rochet was, until well into the 14th century, a vestment See also:

• COMMON

common to all the clergy, and especially to those of the lower orders; and so it remained, in See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, until the 16th century, and even, here' and there, so See also:

• LATE

late as the 19th . Moreover, in further contradistinction to the Roman use, it had—especially in the See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German dioceses—a liturgical See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character, being used instead of the surplice . The rochet was originally a robe-like tunic, and was therefore girdled, like the liturgical alb . So late as 126o the provincial See also:

• SYNOD
• SYNOD (Gr. vbvobos)

synod of See also:

• COLOGNE (Ger. Koln, or officially, since 1900, Coln)

Cologne decreed that the vestis camisialis must be long enough entirely to See also:

• COVER (from the Fr. convert, from couvrir, to cover, Lat. cooperire)

cover the everyday dress . A See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good example of the camisia of the 12th century is the rochet of See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• BECKET, THOMAS (c. 1118—1170)

Becket, preserved' at See also:

• DAMMARTIN

Dammartin in the Pas de See also:

• CALAIS

Calais, the only surviving See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval example remarkable for the pleating which, as was the case with albs also, gave greater breadth and more elaborate folds . In the 15th century the rochet only reached' See also:

• HALF

half-way down the shin; in the 16th and 17th to the knee; in the 18th and 19th often only to the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle of the thigh . In the middle ages it was always See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain . The rochet is unknown in the Eastern Churches .

(J . BRA.) Church of England.—In the See also:

• ENGLISH

English Church the rochet is a vestment See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar to bishops, and is worn by them, with the See also:

• CHIMERE (Lat. chimera, chimaera; O. Fr. chamarre, Mod. Fr. simarre; Ital. zimarra; cf. Span. zimarra, a sheepskin coat; possibly derived ultimately from Gr. xei,u pros, " wintry," i.e. a winter overcoat)

chimere (q.v.) both " at all times of their ministration " in church and also on ceremonial occasions outside, e.g. in the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of Lords or at a royal See also:

• LEVEE (from Fr. lever, to raise)
• LEVEE (from the French substantival use of lever, to rise; there is no French substantival use of levee in the English sense)

levee . In general it has retained the medieval See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form more closely than the Roman rochet, in so far as it is of plain, very fine linen (See also:

• LAWN

lawn), and reaches almost to the feet . The See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main modifications have been in the sleeves . At the time of the See also:

• REFORMATION
• REFORMATION, THE

Reformation these were still narrow, though already showing a tendency to expand . The portrait of See also:

• ARCH
• ARCH, JOSEPH (1826– )

Arch-See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop See also:

• WARHAM, WILLIAM (c. 1450-1532)

Warham at See also:

• LAMBETH

Lambeth, for instance, shows a rochet with fairly wide sleeves narrowing towards the wrists, where they are confined by See also:

• FUR (connected with O. Fr. forre, a sheath or case; so " an outer covering ")

fur cuffs . This See also:

• FASHION (adapted from Fr. facon, agon, Lat. factio, making, facere, to do or make)

fashion continued until, in the 17th century, the sleeves became much See also:

• FULLER, ANDREW (1954-1815)
• FULLER, GEORGE (1822—1884)
• FULLER, M
• FULLER, MARGARET, MARCHIONESS
• FULLER, MELVILLE WESTON (1833-1910)
• FULLER, THOMAS (16o8-1661)
• FULLER, WILLIAM (1670--c. 1717)

fuller; but it was not till the 18th century that they See also:

• DEVELOPED

developed into the familiarexaggerated See also:

• BALLOON

balloon shape, confined at the wrists by a ribbon, beyond which a ruffle projected . About the same See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, too, arose the See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom of making the rochet sleeveless and attaching the " lawn sleeves " to the chimere . This fashion survived throughout most of the 19th century, but there has since been a tendency to revert to the earlier less exaggerated form, and the sleeves have been reattached to the rochet . The ribbon by which the See also:

• WRIST

wrist is confined is' See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black, 'except when See also:

• CONVOCATION
• CONVOCATION (Lat. convocatio, a calling together)

convocation See also:

• ROBES (Fr. robe, Late Lat. roba, raupa, meaning (1)

robes are worn, when it is See also:

• SCARLET

scarlet . The rochet is worn without the chimere under the See also:

• COPE
• COPE (M.E. cape, cope, from Med. Lat. capa, cappa)
• COPE, EDWARD DRINKER (1840-1897)
• COPE, EDWARD MEREDITH (1818-1873)

cope by those bishops who use this vestment . At his See also:

• CONSECRATION (Lat. consecrallo, from con and sacrare, " to make sacred ")

consecration the. bishop-elect is, according to the 'See also:

• RUBRIC (Fr. rubrique, Lat. rubrica, Tuber, red)

rubric, presented to the consecrating bishops vested in a rochet only; after the " laying on of hands " he retires and puts on " the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of the episcopal See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit;" i.e. the chimere .

(W . A .