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JOHN ARTHUR ROEBUCK (1801-1879)

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 451 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JOHN See also:ARTHUR See also:ROEBUCK (1801-1879)  , See also:British politician, was See also:born at See also:Madras on the 28th of See also:December 18o1 . After the See also:death of his See also:father, a See also:civil servant, his See also:mother's second See also:marriage transferred him to See also:Canada, where he was chiefly brought -up . He came to See also:England in 1824, was called to the See also:bar (Q.C . 1843), became intimate with the leading See also:radical and utilitarian re-formers, was elected M.P. for See also:Bath in 1832, and took up that See also:general attitude of hostility to the See also:government of the See also:day, be it what it might, which he retained throughout his See also:life . At all times conspicuous for his eloquence, honesty and recalcitrancy, he twice came with especial prominence before the public—in 1838, when, although at the See also:time without a seat in See also:parliament, he appeared at the bar of the See also:Commons to protest, in the name of the See also:Canadian See also:Assembly, against the suspension of the Canadian constitution; and in 1855, when, having over-thrown See also:Lord See also:Aberdeen's See also:ministry by carrying a See also:resolution for the See also:appointment of a See also:committee of inquiry into the mismanagement in the See also:Crimean See also:War, he presided over its proceedings . In his latter years his See also:political opinions became greatly modified, but with one interruption he retained his seat for See also:Sheffield, which he had won in 1849, until his death in See also:London on the 3oth of See also:November 1879 . See also:ROE-See also:BUCK, the smallest of the British See also:deer (a full-grown buck See also:standing not more than 27 in. high at the See also:shoulder), the typical representative of a genus (Capreolus) in which the antlers lack a brow-tine and belong to what is characterized as the forked type, while the tail is rudimentary (see DEER) . The antlers are See also:short, upright and deeply furrowed, the See also:beam forking at about two-thirds of its length, and the upper prong again dividing, thus making three points . The coat in summer is foxy red above and See also:white below; in See also:winter this changes to a greyish fawn, with a white rump-patch . The roe-buck or roe-deer (Capreolus caprea, or C. capreolus) inhabits See also:southern and temperate See also:Europe as far See also:east as the See also:Caucasus, where, as in See also:Syria, it is probably represented by another See also:race or See also:species . It frequents See also:woods, preferring such as have a large growth of underwood and are in the neighbourhood of cultivated ground . The latter it visits in the evening in See also:search of See also:food; and where roe are numerous the damage done to growing crops is consider-able .

Pairing takes See also:

place in See also:August, but the fawns are not born till the following May . According to one theory, the germ lies dormant until December, when it begins to develop; but it is now believed that this See also:long gestation is due to slow rather than arrested development . Roe were formerly abundant in all the wooded parts of See also:Great See also:Britain, but were gradually exterminated, till a See also:century and a See also:half ago they were unknownsouth of See also:Perthshire . Since then the increase of plantations has led to the partial restoration of the species in the See also:south of See also:Scotland and the See also:north of England; and it was reintroduced into See also:Dorset See also:early in the 19th century . These deer take readily to the See also:water, and they have been known to swim across lochs more than half a mile in breadth . The Siberian roe (C. pygargus), which is See also:common in the See also:Altai, is larger and paler than the type species, with shorter and more hairy ears, a larger white rump-patch, and small irregular snags on the inner border of the antlers . The Manchurian roe (Capreolus manchuricus) is about the See also:size of the See also:European species, with antlers of the type of those of the Siberian roe, but more slender, and the coat shorter . Although described in 1889 as a See also:local variety of the Siberian species, the Manchurian roe really appears, both as regards stature, hairiness and the See also:black and white markings on the muzzle, much more nearly related to the European See also:animal . This is the more remarkable seeing that the habitats of the two are separated by such an enormous See also:tract of See also:country . (R .

End of Article: JOHN ARTHUR ROEBUCK (1801-1879)
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