Online Encyclopedia

ROLL (O. Fr. rolle, roulle, mod. role...

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 466 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ROLL (O. Fr. rolle, roulle, mod. role,
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Lat. rotulus, dim. of rota, wheel)
  , something rolled or wound up in a cylindrical form on an axis, or something which " rolls," that is, moves or is moved along a service by a turning motion . Primarily the word is used of a piece of writing material, such as
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parchment or paper, rolled up for the purpose of convenient storage, handling, &c . This is the meaning of the Med .
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Lat. rotulus, defined by Du Cange as " Scheda, charta in speciem rotulae seu rotae convoluta." It was thus the convenient name for any document kept in this form as an official record, and hence for any
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register, record, catalogue or official list . " The Rolls " was the name of the
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building where the records of the
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Chancery Court were kept, the keeper of which was the Master (q.v.) of the Rolls, now the title of the third member of the
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English Supreme Court of Judicature . Other familiar examples of the use of the word in this sense are the list of those admitted as qualified solicitors, whence the phrase " to strike off the rolls, " of removal by the court of a
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solicitor for offences or delinquencies . There are numerous applications of the word to other
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objects packed in a cylindrical form, such as
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tobacco,
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cloth, &c., and particularly to a small
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loaf of
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bread rolled over before
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baking, the crust being thin and crisp and the crumb spongy . In architecture a " roll " or "
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scroll " moulding is a moulding resembling a section of a roll or scroll of parchment with the end overlapping; a " roll and fillet " moulding is a section of a cylindrical moulding with a square fillet
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running along the centre of the face (see LABEL) . For the sense of an
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object that rolls, the word "
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roller " is more general, but " roll " is frequent in technical usage for revolving cylinders, especially when working in fixed
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bearings . For the
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rolling of steel see ROLLING MILL .

End of Article: ROLL (O. Fr. rolle, roulle, mod. role, Lat. rotulus, dim. of rota, wheel)
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