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PIERRE DE RONSARD (1524-1585)

WILHELM KONRAD RONTGEN (1845– )

ROOD (O.E. rod, a stick, another form of " rod, O.E. rodd, possibly cognate with Lat. rudis, a staff)

ROOK (O.E. Hr6c, Icel. Hr6kr,1 Swed. Mika, Du. Roek, Gael. Rocas)

SIR GEORGE ROOKE (1650-1709)

COUNT VON ALBRECHT THEODOR EMIL ROON (18o3-1879)

THEODORE ROOSEVELT (1858— )

ROOT (late O.E. rot, adopted from Scand., cf. Norw. and Swed. rot, Dan. rod; the true O.E. word was wyrt, plant, represented in Ger. Wurz or Wurzel; the ultimate root is the same in both words, and is seen in Lat. radix)

ELIHU ROOT (1845– )

JOHN CODMAN ROPES (1836–1899)

SIR RICHARD ROS (b. 1429)

CARL AUGUST NICHOLAS ROSA (1843-1889)

SALVATOR ROSA (1615-1673)

ROSARY (Lat. rosarium)

JUAN MANUEL ROSAS (1793-1877)

ROSCELLINUS (RUCELINrus, or ROUSSELIN) (c. 1050–c. 1122)

WILHELM GEORG FRIEDRICH ROSCHER (1817–1894)

QUINTUS ROSCIUS GALLUS (c. 126–62 B.c.)

WILLIAM ROSCOE (1753—1831)

4TH EARL OF WENTWORTH DILLON ROSCOMMON (c. 163o-1685)

GEORGE ROSE (1744-1818)

HUGH JAMES ROSE (1795—1838)

WILLIAM STEWART ROSE (1775-1843)

5TH ARCHIBALD PHILIP PRIMROSE ROSEBERY

WILLIAM STARKE ROSECRANS (1819-1898)

PETER ROSEGGER (1843- )

IPPOLITO ROSELLINI (1800-1843)

JOHANN KARL FRIEDRICH ROSENKRANZ (1805-1879)

TOBY EDWARD ROSENTHAL (1848– )

WARS OF THE ROSES

ROSETTA (Coptic Rashit, Arabic Rashid)

ROSIN (a later variant of " resin," q.v.)

ROSKILDE, or ROESKILDE

1ST BARON HERCULES GEORGE ROBERT ROBINSON ROSMEAD (1824-1897)

JOSEPH HENRY ROSNY

ROSS AND CROMARTY

ALEXANDER ROSS (1699-1784)

GEORGE WILLIAM ROSS (1841- )

ROSS, JOHN, or KOOESKOOWE (179o-1866)

ROBERT ROSS (1766-1814)

SIR HEW DALRYMPLE ROSS (1779-1868)

SIR JAMES CLARK ROSS (1800-1862)

SIR JOHN ROSS (1777-1856)

3RD EARL WILLIAM PARSONS ROSSE

COSIMO ROSSELLI (1439—c. 1507)

ANTONIO ROSSELLINO (1427-c. 1479)

CHRISTINA GEORGINA ROSSETTI (1830-1894)

DANTE GABRIEL ROSSETTI (1828-1882)

COUNT PELLEGRINO LUIGI EDOARDO ROSSI (1787-1848)

GIOACHINO ANTONIO ROSSINI (1792-1868)

1ST EARL OP ALEXANDER WEDDERBURN ROSSLYN (1733-1805)

EARLS OF ROSSLYN

EDMOND ROSTAND (1869- )

COUNT FEODOR VASSILIEVICH ROSTOPTSCHIN (1763-1826)

JUSTUS LUDWIG ADOLF ROTH (1818-1892)

RICHARD ROTHE (1799-1867)

MARQUISE DE JACQUELINE DE ROHAN ROTHELIN (c. 1520-1587)

THOMAS ROTHERHAM (1423-1500)

EARLS OF ROTHES

ROTIFERA (or ROTATORIA)

JEAN DE ROTROU (1609-1650)

HROTTA CHROTTA ROTTA (Fr. Cithare, rotta; Ger, Cytharr„ Rotta)

ROTUMAH (Rotuma, Rotuam or Grenville)

JOACHIM ROUAULT (d. 1478)

ROUBILIAC (more correctly ROUBILLAC), LOUIS FRANCOIS (1695-1762)

JEAN ANTOINE ROUCHER (1745-1794)

GUILLAUME FRANCOIS ROUELLE (1703–1770)

ROUERGUE (Ruthenensis pages)

ROUGE (" red," from Lat. rubeus)

CLAUDE JOSEPH ROUGET DE LISLE (176o-1836)

ROUGH CAST (the French equivalent is crepis)

EUGENE ROUHER (1814-1884)

ROULERS (Flemish Roeselaere)

ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

THE ROUND TABLE

ROUNDSMAN SYSTEM (sometimes termed the billet, or ticket, or item system)

FRANCIS ROUS (1579-1659)

HENRY JOHN ROUS (1795-1877)

JEAN SIMEON ROUSSEAU DE LA ROTTIERE (b. 1747)

JACQUES ROUSSEAU (1633-1693)

JEAN BAPTISTE ROUSSEAU (1671-1741)

JEAN JACQUES ROUSSEAU (1712-1778)

PIERRE ETIENNE THEODORE ROUSSEAU (1812–1867); French painter of the Barbizon school, was born in Paris on the 15th of April 1812, of a bourgeois family which included one or two artists. At first he received a business training, but soon displayed aptitu

EDWARD JOHN ROUTH (1831—1907)

MARTIN JOSEPH ROUTH (1755–1854)

GEORGE ROUTLEDGE (1812—1888)

MAURICE ROUVIER (1842— )

JOHN ROW (c. 1525—1580)

ROWEL (from O. Fr. rouel or roel, dim. of roue, Lat. rota, wheel)

ROWEL DDA (" the Good ") (d. 950)

ROWING (O. Eng. rowan, to row, cf. Lat. remus, Gr. perµbr, oar)

HENRY AUGUSTUS ROWLAND (1848-1901)

RICHARD ROWLANDS (fl. 1560–1620)

SAMUEL ROWLANDS (c. 1573–1630)

THOMAS ROWLANDSON (1756–1827)

WILLIAM ROWLEY (c. 1585-c. 1642)

ROWLOCK (pronounced rullock or rollock)

MONTAGUE WILLIAM ROWTON

ROXANA, or ROXANE

EARLS AND DUKES OF ROXBURGHE

WILLIAM ROY (1726-1790)

THE ROYAL SOCIETY

ROYALTY (0. Fr. realte, reialte, royaulte, from Med. Lat. regalitas, the substantive of regalis, of or belonging to a king, rex)

JOHN FORBES ROYLE (1799—1858)

JUAN MARTINEZ DE ROZAS (1759-1813)

RUABON (Rhiwabon)

INDIARUBBER RUBBER

PETER PAUL RUBENS (1577-164o)

atomic weight 85.45 RUBIDIUM [symbol Rb (0=16)]

ANTON GRIGOROVICH RUBINSTEIN (1829-1894)

RUBRIC (Fr. rubrique, Lat. rubrica, Tuber, red)

RUBRUQUIS (or RUBROUCK), WILLIAM OF

RUBY (Lat. rubeus, red)

JOHANN MICHAEL FRIEDRICH RUCKERT (1788-1866)

RUDAGT (d. 954)

RUDDER (O.E. Rather, i.e. rower)

THOMAS RUDDIMAN (1674–1757)

FRANCOIS RUDE (1784–1855)

RUDERAL (Lat. rudus, rubbish)

MARQUIS DI ANTONIO STARABBA RUDINL (1839–19c8)

RUDOLF (otherwise known as Basso NOROK and Gannon)

RUDOLPH (d. 1o8o)

RUDOLPH, or RAOUL

RUDRA (probably from the root rud, " to howl," hence " the howler ")

RUE (Fr. rue, Lat. ruta, from Gr. pur)

LOPE DE RUEDA (1510?–1565?)

RUFFIAN (Fr. ruffian, It. ruffiano)

FABRIZIO RUFFO (1744-1827)

TYRANNIUS RUFINUS

GAIUS VALGIUS RUFUS

LUCIUS VARIUS RUFUS (c 74—14 B.c.)

ARNOLD RUGE (18o2—188o)

JUAN RUIZ (c. 1283-c. 1350)

RUKWA (sometimes also Rikwa and Hikwa)

RULHIERE (or RumilkRES), CLAUDE CARLOMAN DE (1735–1791)

PUBLIUS SERVILIUS RULLUS

RUM (according to Skeat, a corruption of Malay brum or bram; the adjective " rum," i.e. " queer," being a distinct word, in Gipsy rem)

RUMANIA, or ROUMANIA [Romdnia]

RUMELIA, or ROUMELIA (Turkish Rumili, " the land of the Romans," i.e. the East Roman or Byzantine empire)

COUNT BENJAMIN THOMPSON RUMFORD (1753-1814)

RUMI (1207-1273)

CARL LUDWIG CHRISTIAN RUMKER (1788—1862)

ALEXANDER RUNCIMAN (1736—1785)

RUNDALE (apparently from " to run" and "dale," valley, originally something separated off, cf. " deal" )

JOHAN LUDVIG RUNEBERG (1804—1877)

RUNIC LANGUAGE AND INSCRIPTIONS RUNES

RUNNIMEDE, or RUNNYMEDE

RUPEE (Hindustani rupiya, from Sanskrit rupya)

RUPERT (1352—1410)

RUPERT (HRODBERT), ST

COUNT PALATINE OF THE RHINE AND DUKE OF BAVARIA PRINCE RUPERT (1619—1682)

PUBLIUS RUPILIUS

BENJAMIN RUSH (1745–1813)

RICHARD RUSH (1780–1859)

JOHN RUSHWORTH (c. 1612-1690)

JOHN RUSKIN (1819-1goo)

RUSSELL (FAMILY)

BARON CHARLES RUSSELL RUSSELL OF KILLOWEN (1832-1900)

ISRAEL COOK RUSSELL (1852- )

JOHN RUSSELL (1745-1806)

JOHN RUSSELL (d. 1494)

1ST EARL JOHN RUSSELL RUSSELL (1792-1878)

JOHN SCOTT RUSSELL (1808–1882)

LORD WILLIAM RUSSELL (1639–1683)

SIR WILLIAM HOWARD RUSSELL

THOMAS RUSSELL (1762-1788)

WILLIAM CLARK RUSSELL (1844– )

RUSSIA (Rossiya)

RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

RUSSIAN LITERATURE

RUST (O.E. rust, a word which appears in -many Teutonic languages, cf. Du. roest, Ger. rost); in origin it is allied with " ruddy " and " red," the reddish-brown powdery substance which forms on the surface of iron or steel exposed to atmospheric corrosio

RUSTCHUK (Bulg. Russe); the capital of the department of Rustchuk, Bulgaria, on the right bank of the Danube, where it receives the E. Lem. Pop. (r906) 33

RUSTICATION (i.e. the making " rustic " or countrified, from Lat. rus, country; thus the term " rusticate " is used for taking a country holiday, or in academic circles to be " rusticated " is to be sent away from a university for punishment)

FRIEDRICH WILHELM RUSTOW (1821-1878)

RUTEBEUF, or RUSTEBUEF (fl. 1245-1285)

atomic weight 101.7 RUTHENIUM [symbol Ru (0=16)]

MARK RUTHERFORD

WILLIAM GUNION RUTHERFORD (1853–1907)

RUTHERFURD (or RUTHERFORD), SAMUEL (c. 1600-1661)

RUTHEROLEN (locally pronounced Rilglen)

RUTHIN (Rhudd ddin, " red fortress ")

RUTILIUS CLAUDIUS NAMATIANUS

PUBLIUS RUTILIUS RUFUS

EARLS AND DUKES OF RUTLAND

7TH DUKE OF JOHN JAMES ROBERT MANNERS RUTLAND (1818-1906)

JOHN RUTLEDGE (1739—1800)

FRANK RUTLEY (1842-1904)

MARQUIS DE HENRI DE MASSUE RUVIGNY

RUYSBROEK (or RUYSBROECK), JAN VAN (1293-1381)

RUYSDAEL (or RUISDAAL), JACOB VAN (c. 1628-1682)

LACY RYAN (c. 1694-176o)

RYBINSK, or RUIBINSK

ABRAHAM VIKTOR RYDBERG (1828-1895)

ALBERT PINKHAM RYDER (1847– )

WILLIAM WYNNE RYLAND (1738-1783)

JOHN RYLANDS (18o1-1888)

JOHN CHARLES RYLE (1816-1900)

THOMAS RYMER (1641—1713)

RYOT, or RAVAT (from the Arabic ra'a, " to pasture ")

TREATY OF RYSWICK

SAARGEMUND (Fr. Sarreguemines)

DIEGO DE SAAVEDRA FAJARDO (1584-1648)

DUKE OF RIVAS ANGEL DE SAAVEDRA (1791-1865)

SAAZ (Czech lake)

ST SABAS (439-531)

LOUIS AUGUSTE SABATIER (1839-1901)

SABBATAI SEBI (1626-1676)

SABBATION, or SAMBATYON

SABELLIUS (fl. 230)

SIR EDWARD SABINE (1788-1883)

MARQUISE DE MADELEINE DE SOUVRE SABLE (1599—1678)

FRANCO SACCHETTI (c. 1335-c. 1400)

ANDREA SACCHI (c. 1600--1661)

ANTONIO MARIA GASPARE SACCHINI (1734-1786)

SACERDOTALISM (from Lat. sacerdos, priest, literally one who presents sacred offerings, sacer, sacred, and dare, to give)

HENRY SACHEVERELL (1674-1724)

WILLIAM SACHEVERELL (1638-1691)

HANS SACHS (1494-1576)

JULIUS VON SACHS (1832-1897)

MICHAEL SACHS (1808–1864)

DRAW SAGBUT SHAKBUSSHE SACKBUT

SACKING AND SACK MANUFACTURE

1ST VISCOUNT GEORGE SACKVILLE (1716-1785)

MORTIMER SACKVILLE