See also:

• ROOK (O.E. Hr6c, Icel. Hr6kr,1 Swed. Mika, Du. Roek, Gael. Rocas)

ROOK (O.E. Hr6c, Icel. Hr6kr,1 Swed. Mika, Du. Roek, Gael. Rocas)  , the See also:

• CORVUS, MARCUS VALERIUS (c. 370–270 B.C.)

Corvus frugilegus of See also:

• ORNITHOLOGY

ornithology, and through-out a See also:

• GREAT

great See also:

• PART

part of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe the commonest and best-known of the See also:

• CROW (Dutch, kraal, Ger. Krdhe, Fr. corbeau, Lat. corvus)

crow-tribe, belonging to the Passerine See also:

• FAMILY

family Corvidae . Besides its pre-eminently gregarious habits, which did not See also:

• ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli

escape the See also:

• NOTICE

notice of See also:

• VIRGIL (PUBLIUS VERGILIUS MARC)
• VIRGIL, POLYDORE (c. 1470-1555)

Virgil (Georg. i . 382)2 and are so unlike those of nearly every other member of the Corvidae, the See also:

• ROOK (O.E. Hr6c, Icel. Hr6kr,1 Swed. Mika, Du. Roek, Gael. Rocas)

rook is at once distinguished from the See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest by commonly losing at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age the feathers from its See also:

• FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face, leaving a See also:

• BARE

bare, scabrous and greyish-See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white skin that is sufficiently visible at some distance . In the comparatively rare cases in which these feathers persist, the rook may be readily known from the See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of crow (q.v.) by the See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich See also:

• PURPLE

purple See also:

• GLOSS, GLOSSARY

gloss of its black plumage, especially on the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head and See also:

• NECK (O. Eng. hnecca; the word appears in many Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch ride, Ger. Nacken; in O. E. the common word was heals; cf. Ger. Hals)

neck, the feathers of which are soft and not pointed . In a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general way the See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance and See also:

• MANNERS, CHARLES (1857– )

manners of the rook are well known, and particularly its See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit of forming communities in the breeding-See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season, which it possesses in a measure beyond that of any other See also:

• LAND

land See also:

• BIRD

bird of the See also:

• NORTHERN

northern hemisphere . Yet each of these communities, or rookeries, seems to have some See also:

• CUSTOM (from O. Fr. costume, costume or coustume; Low Lat. costuma, a shortened form of consuetudo)

custom intrinsically its own . In a general way the least-known parts of the rook's mode of See also:

• LIFE

life are facts See also:

• RELATING

relating to its See also:

• MIGRATION

migration and See also:

• GEOGRAPHICAL

geographical See also:

• DISTRIBUTION (Lat. distribuere, to deal out)

distribution . Though the great See also:

• MAJORITY (Fr. majorite; Med. Lat. majoritas; Lat. major, greater)

majority of rooks in See also:

• BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain are sedentary or only See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change their See also:

• ABODE (from " abide," to dwell, properly " to wait for ," to bide)

abode to a very limited extent, it is now certain that a very considerable number arrive in or towards autumn, not necessarily to abide, but merely to pass onward, like most other kinds of birds, to See also:

• WINTER, JOHN STRANGE
• WINTER, PETER (c. 1755-1825)

winter farther southwards; and, at the same season or even a little earlier, it cannot be doubted that a large proportion of the See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young of the See also:

• YEAR

year migrate in the same direction . As a See also:

• SPECIES

species the rook on the See also:

• EUROPEAN

European See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

continent only resides during the whole year throughout the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle See also:

• TRACT (from Lat. tractare, to treat of a matter, through Provencal tractat and Ital. trattato)

tract of its See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary range . Farther to the northward, as in See also:

• SWEDEN
• SWEDEN [Sverige]
• SWEDEN, NORWAY AND

Sweden and northern See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia, it is a See also:

• REGULAR

regular summer-immigrant, while farther to the southward, as in See also:

• SOUTHERN

southern See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain and most parts of See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, it is, on the contrary, a regular winter-immigrant . The same is found to be the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case in See also:

• ASIA

Asia, where it extends eastward as far as the upper Irtish and the Ob . It breeds throughout See also:

• TURKESTAN
• TURKESTAN, or HAZRET

Turkestan, in the See also:

• COLD (in O. Eng. cald and ceald, a word coming ultimately from a root cognate with the Lat. gelu, gelidus, and common in the Teutonic languages, which usually have two distinct forms for the substantive and the adjective, cf. Ger. Kolte, kalt, Dutch koude

cold See also:

• WEATHER (O. Eng. weder; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Du. weder, Dan. veir, Icel. ve8r, and Ger. Wetter and Gewitter, storm; the root is wa- to blow, from which is derived " wind ")

weather visiting See also:

• AFGHANISTAN

Afghanistan, Cashmere and the See also:

• PUNJAB

Punjab, and See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• OLIVER, ISAAC (c. 1566--1617)
• OLIVER, PETER (1594-1648)

Oliver St See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John found a rookery of considerable See also:

• SIZE

size at Casbin in See also:

• PERSIA

Persia .

In See also:

• PALESTINE

Palestine and in See also:

• LOWER

lower See also:

• EGYPT

Egypt it is only a winter-visitant, and H . B . Tristram noticed that it congregates in great See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers about the See also:

• MOSQUE (through Fr. mosquie; Span. mezquila, from Arab. masjid, sajada, to adore)

mosque of See also:

• OMAR (c. 581-644)

Omar in See also:

• JERUSALEM (Heb. ^S0-r, Yerushalaim, pronounced as a dual)
• JERUSALEM, SYNOD OF (1672)

Jerusalem . The same writer (Proc . Zool . See also:

• SOC

Soc., 1864, p . 444; See also:

• IBIS

Ibis, 1866, pp . 68, 69) considered the Palestine rook entitled to specific distinction as Corvus See also:

• AGRICOLA (originally SCHNEIDER, then SCHNITTER), JOHANNES (1494-1566)
• AGRICOLA (the Latinized form of the name BAUER), GEORG (1490-1555)
• AGRICOLA, CHRISTOPH LUDWIG (1667-1719)
• AGRICOLA, GNAEUS JULIUS (A.D. 37-93)
• AGRICOLA, JOHANN FRIEDRICH (1720-1774)
• AGRICOLA, MARTIN (c. 1500-1556)
• AGRICOLA, RODOLPHUS (properly ROELOF HUYSMANN) (1443-1485)

Agricola . The rook of See also:

• CHINA

China has also been described as a distinct species, C. pastinator (Proc . Zool . Soc., 1845, p . 1) from having the feathers of its face only partially See also:

• DECIDUOUS (from Lat. decidere, to fall down)

deciduous .