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SIR HEW DALRYMPLE ROSS (1779-1868)

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 740 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIR HEW DALRYMPLE ROSS (1779-1868)  ,
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British soldier, entered the Royal Military Academy,
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Woolwich, in 1793, and passed out into the Royal Artillery two years later . With the Royal Horse Artillery he saw active service during the Irish
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rebellion of 1798, and after eleven years' service was promoted captain and appointed to command " A " troop R.H.A . (afterwards famous as the " Chestnut Troop ") . In 1809 the troop landed at Lisbon and at once set out to join Wellington's army, reaching the front two days after Talavera . Ross's guns were attached to the
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Light Division, and, with Craufurd, took
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part in the actions on the Coa and the
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battle of Busaco . When Massena began his famous retreat from the lines of Torres Vedras, Ross's troop was amongst the foremost in the pursuit; at Redinha and Pombal, at Sabugal and Fuentes d'Onor, the " Chestnuts " earned
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great distinction, and in December 1811 their
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commander received a brevet-majority for his services . He was
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present at
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Ciudad Rodrigo and Badajoz, at the Salamanca forts and the battle of Salamanca, still attached to the Light Division . In the
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campaign of
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Vittoria, Ross's guns were continually with the most advanced troops, and after Vittoria they captured the only piece of artillery that remained to the defeated French . A further brevet-promotion and a good service
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reward came to Ross for his part in the campaign . At Vera in the Pyrenees Ross's troop was one of the three which played a decisive part in the
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action, and Vera remains a classical example of the action of horse artillery . " A " troop was engaged at St
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Pierre and
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Orthez, and at the conclusion of peace returned to England . It was engaged at
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Waterloo, and though
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half its guns were disabled the remainder took part in the pursuit of the French .

Ross received, besides the

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Peninsular and Waterloo medals, the K.C.B., the Portuguese order of the Tower and Sword and the
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Russian St Anne . He had commanded the troop for nineteen years when he at last received a regimental
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lieutenant-colonelcy . As officer commanding Royal Artillery in the
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Northern
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District, with delegated command over all the forces of the four northern counties,
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Sir Hew Ross had for nearly sixteen years to
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deal with continually threatened
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civil disorder, and
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bore himself as well as on the field of battle . From 1840 to 1858, when he retired, he practically directed, in one
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post or another, all the artillery services of the British army, and when in 1854 the test of war came, the artillery took the field in a far better condition than the rest offt,ord Raglan's army . Much of the present efficiency of the " Royal Regiment " is directly traceable to the influence of Sir Hew Ross, to whom it owes the institution of the School of Gunnery at
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Shoeburyness and the establishment of the Royal Artillery Institution at Woolwich . Major-general in 1841 and lieut.-general in 1851, he became general in 1854, and died, a field-marshal and G.C.B., in 1868 . See Memoir of the R.A . Institution, 1871; and Duncan,
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History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery .

End of Article: SIR HEW DALRYMPLE ROSS (1779-1868)
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