ANTON GRIGOROVICH See also:

• ANTON GRIGOROVICH RUBINSTEIN (1829-1894)

RUBINSTEIN (1829-1894)  , See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian pianist, See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born of Jewish parentage on the 28th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1829 at Wechwotynetz, in See also:

• PODOLIA

Podolia, was the son of a See also:

• PENCIL (Lat. penicillus, brush, literally little tail)

pencil manufacturer who migrated to See also:

• MOSCOW (Russian Moskva)
• MOSCOW, (Russian Moskva)

Moscow . The Rubin-See also:

• STEIN, CHARLOTTE VON (1742-1827)
• STEIN, HEINRICH FRIEDRICH KARL, BARON VOM

stein See also:

• FAMILY

family, at the dictate of Anton's grandfather See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• RUBINSTEIN, ANTON GRIGOROVICH (1829-1894)

Rubinstein, had all been baptized at the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of the ukase against the See also:

• JEWS
• JEWS (Heb. Y8hudi, man of Judah; Gr. 'Iovbaiot; Lat. Judaei)

Jews issued in 1830 by the See also:

• TSAR, or CZAR

Tsar See also:

• NICHOLAS
• NICHOLAS (1841– )
• NICHOLAS (or NICLAES), HENRY (or HENDRIK) (c. 1501-C. 158o)
• NICHOLAS, SIR EDWARD (1593-1669)
• NICHOLAS, ST

Nicholas . Anton was then one See also:

• YEAR

year old . Besides his See also:

• MOTHER

mother he had but one teacher, the piano See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander Villoing, of whom he declared at the end of his own career that he had never met a better . In See also:

• JULY

July 1838 Rubinstein appeared in the See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre of the Petrowski See also:

• PARK (Fr. part; Ital. parco; Sp. Marque; O.Eng. pearroc; connected with Ger. pferch, fold, and pfarrei, district, translating med. Lat. parochia, parish)
• PARK, EDWARDS AMASA (1808–1900)
• PARK, MUNGO (1771-1806?)

Park at Moscow; and in the year following he went to See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris after Villoing, and in 1840 played before See also:

• LISZT, FRANZ (1811-1886)

Liszt . For some time after this Rubinstein travelled in See also:

• HOLLAND
• HOLLAND, CHARLES (1733–1769)
• HOLLAND, COUNTY AND PROVINCE OF
• HOLLAND, HENRY FOX, 1ST BARON (1705–1774)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICH, 1ST EARL OF (1S9o-,649)
• HOLLAND, HENRY RICHARD VASSALL FOX, 3RD
• HOLLAND, JOSIAH GILBERT (1819-1881)
• HOLLAND, PHILEMON (1552-1637)
• HOLLAND, RICHARD, or RICHARD DE HOLANDE (fl. 1450)
• HOLLAND, SIR HENRY, BART

Holland, See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany and Scandinavia, and reached See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England in 1842, where on the loth of May he made his first See also:

• APPEARANCE (from Lat. apparere, to appear)

appearance at a Choral Fund See also:

• CONCERT (through the French from Lat. con-, with, and certare, to strive)

concert . In 1845, after a brief visit to Moscow in 1843, he went with his family (including his See also:

• BROTHER

brother Nikolaus) to See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin in See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order to See also:

• COMPLETE

complete his musical See also:

• EDUCATION

education . Dehn was their master, and Mendelssohn, whom Rubinstein had met previously in See also:

• LONDON

London, their best friend . The sudden See also:

• DEATH

death of Rubinstein's See also:

• FATHER

father necessitated the withdrawal of his mother and Nikolaus to Moscow, while Anton, on Dehn's See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice, went to See also:

• VIENNA (Ger. Wien; Lat. Vindobona)
• VIENNA, CONGRESS OF (1814-1815)

Vienna to seek a livelihood . Hence, after more hard study for nearly two years, he went with the flautist Heindl, and later alone, on a concert tour in See also:

• HUNGARY
• HUNGARY (Hungarian Magyarorszdg)

Hungary; and the outbreak of the revolution in Vienna preventing his return there, he went via Berlin to St See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, where the See also:

• GRAND

Grand Duchess Helene appointed him Kammervirtuos . About this time an unfortunate See also:

• ERROR (Lat. error, from errare, to wander, to err)

error of the See also:

• POLICE (Fr. police, government, civil administration, a police force, Gr. sroXumeia, constitution, condition of a state, roars, city, state)

police nearly caused his See also:

• EXPATRIATION (from Late Lat. expairiare, to exile, and patria, native land)

expatriation to See also:

• SIBERIA

Siberia, from which he was saved by his patroness . During the next eight years Rubinstein spent most of his time in St Petersburg studying, playing and composing .

His See also:

• OPERA (Italian for " work ")

opera Dmitri Donskoi was produced there in 1851, and Toms der Narr in 1853 . See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

Die Sibirischen See also:

• JAGER, GUSTAV (1832– )

Jager, written about the same time, was not produced . On the advice of his patroness and See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

Count Wilhorski he visited See also:

• HAMBURG

Hamburg and See also:

• LEIPZIG

Leipzig, and arrived for the second time in London in 1857, when at a Philharmonic concert he introduced his own See also:

• CONCERTO (Lat. concertus, from certare, to strive, also con-fused with concentus)

concerto in G . In the following year he was in London again, having in the meantime been appointed Concert Director of the Royal Russian Musical Society . In 1862, in collaboration with Carl Schuberth, he founded the St Petersburg Conservatorium, of which he was director until 1867 . In 1868 he travelled in Germany, See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and England, and remained for some time in Vienna, where he introduced a large number of his own compositions . Thence he went to See also:

• AMERICA

America in 1872 and 1873, when he returned to See also:

• RUSSIA
• RUSSIA (Rossiya)

Russia, and after a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest set off once more on concert See also:

• TOURS

tours . In this manner the rest of his See also:

• LIFE

life was spent, until in 1885 he began a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of See also:

• HISTORICAL

historical recitals of immense See also:

• INTEREST

interest, which he gave in most of the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief See also:

• EUROPEAN

European capitals . He died on the 20th of November 1894 . In addition to the See also:

• WORKS

works already named, Rubinstein See also:

• LEFT

left compositions in almost every known See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form . Among other of his operas are Die Kinder der Haide, Feramors (Lalla Roukh), See also:

• NERO (37-68)

Nero, Der See also:

• DAMON

Damon and Die Makkabaer, this last perhaps more frequently played than all the others, of which the chief defect is their lack of dramatic point . On the subject of See also:

• ORATORIO

oratorio Rubinstein held See also:

• ORIGINAL

original views, though his See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to realize them in See also:

• MOSES (Gr. Mwvo c, Mcoo-i3s)
• MOSES, ASSUMPTION OF

Moses and Christus was not completely successful, while his efforts in Berlin and London to found a Sacred Theatre failed entirely .

Nevertheless he himself regarded the Christus as his greatest achievement . The most See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar of his five symphonies are the " Ocean " and the " Dramatic." He wrote scores on scores of See also:

• PIANOFORTE (Ital. piano, soft, and forte, loud)

pianoforte works, from complex concertos to the most See also:

• COMMONPLACE

commonplace salonstucke; abundance of concerted chamber-See also:

• MUSIC

music, and a number of songs and duets. which enjoyed some popularity . He also published several books, including his Reminiscences and Die geistliche Oper . Rubinstein's fame as one of the greatest of pianists will live in See also:

• HISTORY

history . His technique See also:

• BORE

bore comparison with that of Liszt; he possessed a See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power for interpreting the most different kinds of music which has not been surpassed . His brother NIKOLAUS (1835–1881) was also a remarkable pianist, and a marvellous teacher of music . He founded the conservatorium of music at Moscow . See Bernhard See also:

• VOGEL, EDUARD (1829-1856)
• VOGEL, SIR JULIUS (1835-1899)

Vogel, Anton Rubinstein, Biographischer Abriss (Leipzig, 1888) ; Alexander MacArthur, Anton Rubinstein, a See also:

• BIOGRAPHICAL

Biographical See also:

• SKETCH (directly adapted from Dutch schets, which was taken from Ital. schizzo, a rough draft, Lat. schedium, something hastily made, Gr. oxE&os, sudden, off-hand, axeb6v, near by; Ger. Skizze and Fr. esquisse are from the same source)

Sketch (See also:

• EDINBURGH

Edinburgh, 1889) ; Eugen Zabel, Anton Rubin-stein, Ein Kiinsilerleben (Leipzig, 1892) ; Anton von Halten, Anton Rubinstein (See also:

• UTRECHT
• UTRECHT, TREATY OF

Utrecht, 1886) ; See also:

• CUTHBERT, SAINT (d. 687)

Cuthbert H . Cronk, The Works of Anton Rubinstein (London, 1900) .