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C13H1807 SALICINUM See also: willow-bark, discovered by See also: Leroux in 1831
.
It exists in most See also: species of Salix and Populus, and has been obtained to the extent of 3 or 4% from the bark of S. See also: helix and S. pentandra
.
See also: Salicin is prepared from a decoction o the bark by first precipitating the See also: tannin by milk of lime, then evaporating the filtrate to a soft extract, and dissolving out the salicin by See also: alcohol
.
As met with in commerce it is usually in the See also: form of glossy See also: white scales or needles
.
It is neutral, odourless, unaltered by exposure to the air, and has a bitter taste
.
It is soluble in about 30 parts of
See also: water and 8o parts of alcohol at the ordinary temperature, and in 0.7 of boiling water or in 2 parts of boiling alcohol, and more freely in alkaline liquids
.
It is also soluble in acetic acid without alteration, but is insoluble in See also: chloroform and benzol
.
From phloridzin it is distinguished by its ammoniacal solution not becoming coloured when exposed to the air
.
Chemically, it is a See also: glucoside derived from See also: glucose and saligenin (o-oxy-benzyl alcohol), into which it is decomposed by the enzymes ptyaline and emulsin
.
Oxidation converts it into helicin (salicylaldehyde-glucose)
.
Populin, a benzoyl salicin, is a glucoside found in the leaves and bark of Populus tremula
.
Salicin is used in See also: medicine for the same purposes as salicylic acid and the salicylates
.
It is also used as a bitter tonic, i.e. a gastric stimulant, in doses of five grains . The ordinary dose may go up to See also: forty grains or more with perfect safety, though the See also: British Pharmacopoeia limits it to twenty
.
The remote See also: action of the See also: drug is that of salicylic acid or the numerous compounds that contain it (see SALICYLIC ACID)
.
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