C13H1807 SALICINUM See also:

• C13H1807 SALICINUM SALICIN

SALICIN  , the See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter principle of See also:

• WILLOW (Salix)

willow-bark, discovered by See also:

• LEROUX, PIERRE (1798-1871)

Leroux in 1831 . It exists in most See also:

• SPECIES

species of Salix and Populus, and has been obtained to the extent of 3 or 4% from the bark of S. See also:

• HELIX (Gr. € tE, a spiral or twist)

helix and S. pentandra . See also:

• SALICIN, SALICINUM, C13H1807

Salicin is prepared from a decoction o the bark by first precipitating the See also:

• TANNIN, or TANNIC ACID

tannin by See also:

• MILK (0. Eng. meoluc; from a common Indo-European root, cf. Lat. mulgere, Gr. ?t dXyetv)

milk of See also:

• LIME
• LIME (O. Eng. lim, Lat. limes, mud, from linere, to smear)

lime, then evaporating the filtrate to a soft See also:

• EXTRACT (from Lat. extrahere, to draw out)

extract, and dissolving out the salicin by See also:

• ALCOHOL

alcohol . As met with in See also:

• COMMERCE
• COMMERCE (Lat. commercium, from, cum, together, and rnerx, merchandise)

commerce it is usually in the See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of glossy See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white scales or needles . It is neutral, odourless, unaltered by exposure to the See also:

• AIR (from an Indo-European root meaning " breathe," " blow ")
• AIR, or ASBEN

air, and has a bitter See also:

• TASTE (from Lat. taxare, to touch sharply; tangere, to touch)

taste . It is soluble in about 30 parts of See also:

• WATER

water and 8o parts of alcohol at the See also:

• ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary temperature, and in 0.7 of boiling water or in 2 parts of boiling alcohol, and more freely in alkaline liquids . It is also soluble in acetic See also:

• ACID (from the Lat. root ac-, sharp; acere, to be sour)

acid without alteration, but is insoluble in See also:

• CHLOROFORM (trichlor-methane), CHC13

chloroform and benzol . From phloridzin it is distinguished by its ammoniacal See also:

• SOLUTION (from Lat. solvere, to loosen, dissolve)

solution not becoming coloured when exposed to the air . Chemically, it is a See also:

• GLUCOSIDE

glucoside derived from See also:

• GLUCOSE (from Gr. - twais, sweet)

glucose and saligenin (o-oxy-benzyl alcohol), into which it is decomposed by the enzymes ptyaline and emulsin . Oxidation converts it into helicin (salicylaldehyde-glucose) . Populin, a benzoyl salicin, is a glucoside found in the leaves and bark of Populus tremula . Salicin is used in See also:

• MEDICINE

medicine for the same purposes as salicylic acid and the salicylates .

It is also used as a bitter tonic, i.e. a gastric stimulant, in doses of five grains . The ordinary dose may go up to See also:

• FORTY

forty grains or more with perfect safety, though the See also:

• BRITISH

British See also:

• PHARMACOPOEIA (lit. the art of the OapµaK07robbs, or drug-compounder)

Pharmacopoeia limits it to twenty . The remote See also:

• ACTION

action of the See also:

• DRUG
• DRUG (from Fr. drogue, a word common in Romance languages, cf. Span. and Ital. droga; the origin of the word is obscure, but may possibly be connected with Dutch droog, dry)

drug is that of salicylic acid or the numerous compounds that contain it (see SALICYLIC ACID) .