See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

COUNT OF ANNIBALE SANTORRE DI See also:

• ROSSI, LUIGI DE
• ROSSI, PELLEGRINO LUIGI EDOARDO, COUNT (1787-1848)

ROSSI DE POMAROLO See also:

• COUNT OF ANNIBALE SANTORRE DI ROSSI DE POMAROLO SANTAROSA (1783-1825)

SANTAROSA (1783-1825)  , Piedmontese insurgent,and See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader in the revival (Resorgimento) of See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• SAVIGLIANO

Savigliano near Coni on the 18th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1783 . He was the son of a See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general officer in the Sardinian See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army who was killed at the See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• MONDOVI

Mondovi in 1796 . The See also:

• FAMILY

family had been recently ennobled and was not See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich . See also:

• SANTAROSA, ANNIBALE SANTORRE DI ROSSI DE POMAROLO, COUNT OF (1783-1825)

Santarosa entered the service of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon during the See also:

• ANNEXATION (Lat. ad, to, and nexus, joining)

annexation of See also:

• PIEDMONT (Ital. Piemonte; Low Lat. Pedemons and Pedemontium)

Piedmont to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France, and was sub-See also:

• PREFECT (prefet)

prefect of See also:

• SPEZIA

Spezia from 1812 to 1814 . He remained, however, loyal in sentiment to the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of See also:

• SAVOY, HOUSE
• SAVOY, HOUSE OF

Savoy, and, after the restoration of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of See also:

• SARDINIA (Gr. 'IXs'o"uva, from a fancied resemblance to a footprint in its shape, Ital. Sardegna)

Sardinia in 1814, he continued in the public service . During the brief See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign of the Sardinian army on the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-eastern frontier of France in 1815 he served as See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain of grenadiers, and was afterwards employed in the See also:

• MINISTRY

ministry of See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war . The revolutionary and imperial See also:

• EPOCH (Gr. E7roxij, holding in suspense, a pause, from E1rxav, to hold up, to stop)

epoch had seen a See also:

• GREAT

great development of See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian patriotism, and Santarosa was aggrieved by the great See also:

• EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension given to the See also:

• AUSTRIAN

Austrian See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power in Italy in 1815, which reduced his own See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country to a position of inferiority . The revolutionary outbreak of 182o, which extended from See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain to See also:

• NAPLES
• NAPLES (Ital. Napoli, and Lat. Neapolis)
• NAPLES, KINGDOM OF

Naples, seemed to afford the patriots an opportunity to secure the See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence of Italy . When in 1821 the Austrian army was moved south to coerce the Neapolitans, Santarosa entered into a See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy to obtain the intervention of the Piedmontese in favour of the Neapolitans by an attack on the Austrian lines of communication . The conspirators endeavoured to obtain the co-operation of the See also:

• PRINCE
• PRINCE (Lat. princeps, from primus capio, " I am the first to take "; Ital. principe, Fr. prince)

prince of See also:

• CARIGNANO

Carignano, afterwards King See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles See also:

• ALBERT
• ALBERT (1490'1545)
• ALBERT (149o-1568)
• ALBERT (1522–1557)
• ALBERT (FRANCIS CHARLES AUGUSTUS ALBERT EMMANUEL) (1819—1861)
• ALBERT (FRIEDRICH RUDOLF ALBRECHT)
• ALBERT, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS
• ALBERT, MADAME (c. 2805—2846)

Albert, who was known to See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share their patriotic aspirations . On the 6th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1821 Santarosa and three associates had an interview with the prince, and on the loth they carried out the military " pronunciamiento " which proclaimed the See also:

• SPANISH

Spanish constitution . The See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement had no real popular support, and very soon collapsed .

During the brief predominance of his party Santarosa showed great decision of See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character . He was arrested and would have died on the See also:

• SCAFFOLD
• SCAFFOLD, SCAFFOLDING (from the O. Fr. escafaut, originally escafalt, modern echafaud, a corruption of the Italian or Spanish calafalco, a platform, especially a canopy over a bier, a catafalque; this word is composed of O. Span. altar, O. Ital. catare, t

scaffold if sympathisers had not rescued him . He fled to France, and lived for a See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris under the name of See also:

• CONTI, NICOLO
• CONTI, PRINCES OF

Conti . Here he wrote in See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French and published in 1822 his La revolution piemontaise, which attracted the See also:

• NOTICE

notice of See also:

• VICTOR
• VICTOR, GAIUS JULIUS (4th cent. A.D.)
• VICTOR, SEXTUS AURELIUS

Victor See also:

• COUSIN (Fr. cousin, Ital. cugino, Late Lat. cosinus, perhaps a popular and familiar abbreviation of consobrinus, which has the same sense in classical Latin)
• COUSIN, JEAN (1500-1590)
• COUSIN, VICTOR (1792–1867)

Cousin, by whom he was aided and concealed . The French See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government discovered his hiding-See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place, and he was imprisoned and expelled from Paris . After a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short stay first at Alengon and then in See also:

• BOURGES

Bourges, he passed over to See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, where he found See also:

• REFUGE

refuge in See also:

• LONDON

London with Ugo See also:

• FOSCOLO, UGO (1778-1827)

Foscolo, and made a few See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends . He went to See also:

• NOTTINGHAM
• NOTTINGHAM, CHARLES HOWARD, 1ST EARL OF1 (1536-1624)
• NOTTINGHAM, EARLS OF

Nottingham, in the See also:

• HOPE, ANTHONY
• HOPE, THOMAS (c. 1770-1831)

hope of being able to support himself by teaching French and Italian . The miseries of See also:

• EXILE (Lat. exsilium or exilium, from exsul or exul, which is derived from ex, out of, and the root sal, to go, seen in salire, to leap, consul, &c.; the connexion with solum, soil, country is now generally considered wrong)

exile rather than any hope of See also:

• ADVANTAGE

advantage led him to accompany his countryman Giacinto Collegno to See also:

• GREECE

Greece in November 1824 . The Italians were See also:

• ILL

ill-treated by the Greeks and were not well looked on by the Philhellene committees, who thought that their presence would offend the See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers . Santarosa was killed, apparently because he was too miserable and desperate to care to See also:

• SAVE, or SAVA (Ger. Sau; Hungarian Szdva; Lat. Savus)

save his See also:

• LIFE

life, when the See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian troops attacked the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of Sphacteria, near See also:

• NAVARINO, BATTLE OF

Navarino, on the 8th of May 1825 . See Atto Vannucci, I See also:

• MARTINI, GIOVANNI BATTISTA (1706–1784)
• MARTINI, SIMONE (1283-1344)

Martini della liberta italiana (See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan, 1897), and vol. ix. of the See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series called I Contemporanei italiani (See also:

• TURIN

Turin), in which there is a life by Angelo Degubernatis . Santarosa's See also:

• CORRESPONDENCE
• CORRESPONDENCE (from med. scholastic Lat. correspondentia, corrcspondere, compounded of Lat. cum, with, and respond ere, to answer; cf. Fr. correspondance)

correspondence was edited by Signor Bianchi, Lettere di Santorre Santarosa (Turin, 1877) .

A See also:

• PERSONAL

personal description of him by Victor Cousin will be found in the Revue See also:

• DES

des deux mondes for the 1st of March 184o . Cousin dedicated to him the See also:

• FOURTH

fourth See also:

• VOLUME

volume of his See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of See also:

• PLATO

Plato, and the See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long See also:

• DEDICATION (Lat. dedicatio, from dedicare, to proclaim, to announce)

dedication is a compressed See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography .