GIOVANNI VIRGINIO See also:

• GIOVANNI VIRGINIO SCHIAPARELLI (1835-191o)

SCHIAPARELLI (1835-191o)  , See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian astronomer and senator of the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 14th of See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1835 at See also:

• SAVIGLIANO

Savigliano in See also:

• PIEDMONT (Ital. Piemonte; Low Lat. Pedemons and Pedemontium)

Piedmont . He entered See also:

• TURIN

Turin university in 1850, and graduated in 1854 . Two years later he went to See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin to study See also:

• ASTRONOMY (from Gr. &arpov, a star, and v ,usiv, to classify or arrange)

astronomy under See also:

• ENCKE, JOHANN FRANZ (1791–1865)

Encke, and in 1859 was appointed assistant observer at Pulkova, a See also:

• POST

post which he resigned in 186o for a similar one at Brera, See also:

• MILAN
• MILAN (Ital. Milano, Ger. Mailand, anc. Mediolanum, q.v.)

Milan . On the See also:

• DEATH

death of See also:

• FRANCESCO
• FRANCESCO, 210

Francesco Carlini (b . 1783) in 1862, See also:

• SCHIAPARELLI, GIOVANNI VIRGINIO (1835-191o)

Schiaparelli succeeded to the directorship, a position which' he held until 1900 . He died at Milan on the 4th of See also:

• JULY

July 191o . Schiaparelli was primarily an observer—his first See also:

• DISCOVERY

discovery was of the asteroid Hesperia in 1861—but he had also considerable mathematical gifts, as is shown in his treatment of orbital motions, published in 1864, and in other papers . His See also:

• GREAT

great contribution to astronomy See also:

• DATES

dates from 1866, when he showed that meteors or See also:

• SHOOTING

shooting stars See also:

• TRAVERSE

traverse space in cometary orbits, and, in particular, that the orbits of the Perseids and See also:

• COMET (Gr. Koµieiis, long-haired)

Comet III., 1862, and of the Leonids and Comet I., 1866, were practically the same . These discoveries, subsequently amplified in his Le Stelle cadenti (1873) and in his See also:

• NOME

Nome per le osservazioni dellestelle cadenti dei bolidi (1896) gained for him the See also:

• LALANDE, JOSEPH JEROME LEFRANCAIS DE (1732-1807)

Lalande See also:

• PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize of the See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy of Sciences, See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, in 1868, and the See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold See also:

• MEDAL (Fr. medaille, from Lat. metallum)

medal and See also:

• FOREIGN

foreign associateship of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1872 . He next worked on the See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double stars, but his result¢ have only been partially published . This labour was followed in 1877 by observations of the See also:

• SURFACE

surface of See also:

• MARS
• MARS (MAYORS, MARMAR, MARSPITER GA MASPITER)
• MARS, MLLE [ANNE FRANCOISE HYPPOLYTE BOUTET] (1779-1847)

Mars, whereon he detected, among other See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar characters, certain streaky markings or canals, the nature and origin of which is still controversial (see MARS) . See also:

• MERCURY
• MERCURY (MERCU1uus)
• MERCURY (symbol Hg, atomic weight = 2oo)

Mercury and See also:

• VENUS

Venus were also studied, and he concluded that these See also:

• PLANETS, MINOR

planets rotated on their axes in the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time as they revolved about the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun ; but these views are questioned .

He also discussed many other problems, such as stellar See also:

• DISTRIBUTION (Lat. distribuere, to deal out)

distribution, the extent of the universe, &c., whilst at Brera . On his retirement he turned to the astronomy of the See also:

• HEBREWS, EPISTLE TO THE

Hebrews and Babylonians; his earlier results are given in his L' Astronomia nell' antico Testamento (1903), a See also:

• WORK

work which has been translated into See also:

• ENGLISH

English and See also:

• GERMAN
• GERMAN, DUTCH AND SCANDINAVIAN

German, whilst later ones are to be found in various See also:

• JOURNALS

journals, the last being in Scientia (1908) .