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JAMES SCHOLEFIELD (1789-1853)

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Originally appearing in Volume V24, Page 356 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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JAMES See also:SCHOLEFIELD (1789-1853)  , See also:English classical See also:scholar, was See also:born at See also:Henley-on-See also:Thames on the 15th of See also:November 1789 . He was educated at See also:Christ's See also:Hospital and Trinity See also:College, See also:Cambridge, and was in 1825 appointed See also:professor of See also:Greek in the university and See also:canon of See also:Ely (1849) . He was for some See also:time See also:curate to See also:Charles See also:Simeon, the evangelical churchman, and his See also:low See also:church views involved him in disputes with his own parishioners at St See also:Michael's, Cambridge, of which he was perpetual curate from 1823 till his See also:death at See also:Hastings on the 4th of See also:April 18J3 . See also:Scholefield was an excellent teacher . His most useful See also:work was his edition of the Adversaria of P . P . See also:Dobree (q.v.), his predecessor in the See also:chair of Greek . He also published See also:editions of See also:Aeschylus (1828), in which he dealt very conservatively with the See also:text, and of See also:Porson's four plays of See also:Euripides . His Hints for an improved See also:Translation of the New Testament met with considerable success . He was one of the examiners in the first Classical Tripos (1824) . The Scholefield Theological See also:Prize at Cambridge was established in See also:commemoration of him in 1856 . See See also:Memoirs of See also:James Scholefield (1855), by his wife, Harriet Scholefield; See also:Gentleman's See also:Magazine (See also:June 1853, p .

644) . SCHOLIUM' (oxbXeov), the name given to grammatical, See also:

critical and explanatory notes, extracted from existing commentaries and inserted on the margin of the MS. of an See also:ancient author . These notes were altered by successive copyists and owners of the MS. and in some cases increased to such an extent that there was no longer See also:room for them in the margin, and it became necessary to make them into a See also:separate work . At first they were taken from one commentary only, subsequently from several . This is indicated by the repetition of the lemma (" catchword "), or by the use of such phrases as " or thus," " or otherwise," " according to some," to introduce different explanations . The name of " the first scholiast " has been given to See also:Didymus of See also:Alexandria (q.v.), and the practice of compiling scholia continued till the 15th or 16th See also:century A.D . The word oxoXtov itself is first met with in See also:Cicero (Ad Att. xvi . 7) . The Greek scholia we possess are for the most See also:part See also:anonymous, the commentaries of See also:Eustathius on See also:Homer and See also:Tzetzes on See also:Lycophron being prominent exceptions . Although frequently trifling, they contain much See also:information not found elsewhere, and are of considerable value for the correction and See also:interpretation of the text . The most important are those on Homer (especially the Venetian scholia on the Iliad, discovered by See also:Villoison in 1781 in the library of St See also:Mark), See also:Hesiod, See also:Pindar, See also:Sophocles, See also:Aristophanes and See also:Apollonius Rhodius; and, in Latin, those of Servius on See also:Virgil, of See also:Acro and See also:Porphyrio on See also:Horace, and of See also:Donatus on See also:Terence . See E .

F . Grafenhan, Geschichte der classischen Philologie, iii . (1843–1850) ; W . H . Suringar, Historia critica scholiastarum Latinorum (1835) .

End of Article: JAMES SCHOLEFIELD (1789-1853)
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