CHRISTIAN

See also:

• FRIEDRICH, JOHANN (1836— )

FRIEDRICH

See also:

• DANIEL
• DANIEL (DANIL)
• DANIEL, BOOK
• DANIEL, GABRIEL (1649-1728)

DANIEL

See also:

• CHRISTIAN FRIEDRICH DANIEL SCHUBART (1739-1791)

SCHUBART (1739-1791)  , German poet, was born at Obersontheim in Swabia (now the kingdom of Wurttemberg) on the 24th of March 1739, and entered the university of Erlangen in 1758 as a student of theology . He led a dissolute life, and after two years' stay was summoned home by his parents . After attempting to earn a livelihood as private tutor and as assistant preacher, his musical talents gained him the appointment of organist in Geislingen, and subsequently in Ludwigsburg; but in consequence of his wild life and blasphemy, which found expression in a parody of the litany, he was expelled the country . He then visited in turn Heilbronn, Mannheim, Munich and Augsburg . In the last-named town he made a considerable stay, began his Deutsche Chronik (1774-1778) and eked out a subsistence by reciting from the latest works of prominent poets . Owing to a bitter attack upon the Jesuits, he was expelled from Augsburg and fled to Ulm,where he was arrested in 1777 and confined in the fortress of Hohenasperg . Here he met with lenient treatment, and he beguiled the time by a study of mystical works and in composing poetry . His Samtliche Gedichte appeared in two volumes at Stuttgart in 1785-1786 (new edition by G . Hauff, Leipzig, 1884, in Reclam's Universal-Bibliothek); in this collection most of the pieces are characterized by the bombast of the " Sturm and Drang " period . He was set at liberty in 1787, at the instance of Frederick the Great, king of Prussia, and expressed his gratitude in Hymnus auf Friedrich den Grossen . Schubart was now appointed musical director and manager of the theatre at Stuttgart, where he continued his Deutsche Chronik and began his autobiography, Schubarts Lebenr and Gesinnungen (2 vols., 1791-1793), but:before its completion he died at Stuttgart on the loth of October 1791 . His Gesammelte Schriften and Schicksale appeared in 8 vols .

(Stuttgart, 1839-1840) . See D . F .

Strauss, Schubarts Leben in seinen Briefen (2 vols., 1849; 2nd ed., 1878); G . Hauff, Christian Daniel Schubart (1885); and E . Nagele, Aus Schubarts Leben and Wirken (1888) .