See also:

• MICHAEL
• MICHAEL (1596-1645)
• MICHAEL (Hebrew Sn,q, " Who is like God? ")

MICHAEL See also:

• MICHAEL SCOT (? 1175-1232)

SCOT (? 1175-1232)  , Scottish mathematician and astrologer . The See also:

• DATES

dates of his See also:

• BIRTH (a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages from the root of the verb " to bear ")

birth and See also:

• DEATH

death are quite uncertain, the most probable being those here given . The efforts of See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• WALTER, HUBERT (d. 1205)
• WALTER, JOHN (1738/9-1812)

Walter See also:

• SCOTT, ALEXANDER (fl. 1550)
• SCOTT, DAVID (18o6-1849)
• SCOTT, MICHAEL (1789-1835)
• SCOTT, ROBERT (1811-1887)
• SCOTT, SIR GEORGE GILBERT (1811-1878)
• SCOTT, SIR WALTER, BART
• SCOTT, WILLIAM BELL (1811-1890)
• SCOTT, WINFIELD (1786-1866)

Scott and others to identify him with the Sir See also:

• MICHAEL
• MICHAEL (1596-1645)
• MICHAEL (Hebrew Sn,q, " Who is like God? ")

Michael See also:

• SCOT, MICHAEL (? 1175-1232)

Scot of Balwearie, who in 1290 was sent on a See also:

• SPECIAL

special See also:

• EMBASSY

embassy to See also:

• NORWAY
• NORWAY (Norge)

Norway, must be considered unsuccessful, though he may have been a member of the See also:

• FAMILY

family . Scot studied at See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford and See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris, devoting himself to See also:

• PHILOSOPHY (Gr. gthos, fond of, and vo4 (a, wisdom)

philosophy and See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics . It appears that he had also studied See also:

• THEOLOGY

theology, and was ordained a See also:

• PRIEST (Ger. Priester, Fr. pretre)

priest, as See also:

• POPE (Gr. irarraas, post-classical Lat. papa, father)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1688–1744)
• POPE, ALEXANDER (1763-1835)
• POPE, JANE (1742-1818)
• POPE, JOHN (1822-1892)
• POPE, SIR THOMAS (c. 1507-1559)

Pope See also:

• HONORIUS
• HONORIUS, FLAVIUS (384-423)

Honorius III. wrote to See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

Stephen See also:

• LANGTON, JOHN (d. 1337)
• LANGTON, S
• LANGTON, STEPHEN (d. 1228)
• LANGTON, WALTER (d. 1321)

Langton on the 16th of See also:

• JANUARY

January 1223/4, urging him to confer an See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• BENEFICE (Lat. beneficium, benefit)

benefice on Scot, and actually himself nominated him See also:

• ARCHBISHOP (Lat. archiepiscopus, from Gr. apxceatorcoros)

archbishop of See also:

• CASHEL

Cashel in See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland . This See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment Scot refused to take up, but he seems to have held benefices in See also:

• ITALY
• ITALY (Italia)

Italy from See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time to time . From Paris he went to See also:

• BOLOGNA
• BOLOGNA, GIOVANNI DA (1524–1608)

Bologna, and thence, after a stay at See also:

• PALERMO (Greek, Havopuos; Latin, Panhormus, Panormus)

Palermo, to See also:

• TOLEDO
• TOLEDO, COUNCILS OF (Concilia toletana)

Toledo . There he acquired a knowledge of Arabic . This opened up to him the Arabic versions of See also:

• ARISTOTLE
• ARISTOTLE (384-322 B.C.)

Aristotle and the multitudinous commentaries of the Arabians upon them, and also brought him into contact with the See also:

• ORIGINAL

original See also:

• WORKS

works of See also:

• AVICENNA

Avicenna and See also:

• AVERROES [Abul - Walid Muhammad ibn - Ahmad Ibn-Muhammad ibn-Rushd] (1126-1198)

Averroes . His own first See also:

• WORK

work was done as a translator . He was one of the savants whom See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

Frederick II. attracted to his brilliant See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court, and at the instigation of the See also:

• EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor he superintended (along with Hermannus Alemannus) a fresh See also:

• TRANSLATION

translation of Aristotle and the Arabian commentaries from Arabic into Latin . There exist See also:

• TRANSLATIONS

translations by Scot himself of the Historic animalium, the De anima and De -See also:

• CODA (Ital. for " tail "; from the Lat. cauda)

coda, along with the commentaries of Averroes upon them .

This connexion with Frederick and Averroes—both of evil reputation in the See also:

• MIDDLE

middle ages—doubtless contributed to the formation of the See also:

• LEGEND (through the French from the med. Lat. legenda, things to be read, from legere, to read)

legend which soon enveloped Michael Scot's name . His own books, however, dealing as they do almost exclusively with See also:

• ASTROLOGY

astrology, See also:

• ALCHEMY

alchemy and the occult sciences generally, are mainly responsible for his popular reputation . See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

Chief among these are Super auctorem spherae, printed at Bologna in 1495 and at See also:

• VENICE
• VENICE (continued)
• VENICE (Venezia)

Venice in 1631; De See also:

• SOLE (Solea)

sole et See also:

• LUNA (mod. Luni)
• LUNA, ALVARO DE (d. 1453)

luna, printed at See also:

• STRASSBURG, or STRASBURG (French Strasbourg)

Strassburg (1622), in the Theatrum chimicum, and containing more alchemy than See also:

• ASTRONOMY (from Gr. &arpov, a star, and v ,usiv, to classify or arrange)

astronomy, the See also:

• SUN
• SUN (0. Eng. sonne, Ger. sonne. Fr. soleil, Lat. sol, Gr. ijXior, from which comes helio- in various English compounds)

sun and See also:

• MOON (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maan, Dan. maane, &c., and cognate with such Indo-Germanic forms as Gr. µlip, Sans. ma's, Irish mi, &c.; Lat. uses luna, i.e. lucna, the shining one, lucere, to shine, for the moon, but preserves the word i
• MOON, SIR RICHARD, 1ST BARONET (1814-1899)

moon being taken as the images of See also:

• GOLD
• GOLD [symbol Au, atomic weight 195.7(H = 1),197.2(0 =16)]

gold and See also:

• SILVER

silver; De chiromantia, an opuscule often published in the 15th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century; De physiognomia et de hominis procreatione, which saw no fewer than eighteen See also:

• EDITIONS

editions between 1477 and 166o . The Physiognomia (which also exists in an See also:

• ITALIAN

Italian translation) and the Super auctorem spherae expressly See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state that they were undertaken at the See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of the emperor Frederick . Michael is said to have foretold (after the See also:

• DOUBLE
• DOUBLE (from the Mid. Eng. duble, the form which gives the present pronunciation, through the Old Er. duble, from Lat. duplus, twice as much)

double-tongued manner of the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient oracles) the See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place of Frederick's death, which took place in 1250 . Around his own death many legends gathered . He was supposed to have fore-told that he would end by a See also:

• BLOW, JOHN (1648-1708)

blow from a See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

stone of not more than two ounces in See also:

• WEIGHT

weight, and that to protect himself he wore an See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron See also:

• HELMET (from an obsolete diminutive of O. Fr. helme, mod. heaume; the English word is " helm," as in O. Eng., Dutch and Ger.; all are from the Teutonic base hal-, pre-Teut. kal-, to cover; cf. Lat. celare, to hide, Eng. " hell," &c.)

helmet, and that, raising this in See also:

• CHURCH
• CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
• CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
• CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
• CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
• CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)

church at the See also:

• ELEVATION

elevation of the See also:

• HOST

host, the fatal stone See also:

• FELL
• FELL, JOHN (1625-1686)

fell on him from the roof . Italian tradition says he died in that See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, while another legend is that he returned to his native See also:

• LAND

land to See also:

• DIE
• DIE (Fr. de, from Lat. datum, given)

die, and according to one See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account was buried at Holme Cultram in See also:

• CUMBERLAND
• CUMBERLAND, DUKES AND EARLS OF
• CUMBERLAND, RICHARD (1632-1718)
• CUMBERLAND, RICHARD (1732-1811)
• CUMBERLAND, WILLIAM AUGUSTUS

Cumberland; according to another, which Sir Walter Scott has followed in the See also:

• LAY

Lay of the Last See also:

• MINSTREL

Minstrel, in See also:

• MELROSE

Melrose See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

Abbey . In the notes to that poem, of which the opening of the wizard's See also:

• TOMB (Gr. Tuµ/3a, Tuµ(3os, probably allied to Lat. tumulus, literally a swelling, tumere, to swell)

tomb forms the most striking See also:

• EPISODE

episode, Scott gives an interesting account of the various exploits attributed by popular belief to the See also:

• GREAT

great magician . " In the See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south of See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland any work of great labour and antiquity is ascribed either to the agency of Auld Michael, of Sir See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• WALLACE, ALFRED RUSSEL (1823— )
• WALLACE, LEWIS [LEW] (1827—1905)
• WALLACE, SIR RICHARD
• WALLACE, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1270-1305)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1768-1843)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM (1844-1897)
• WALLACE, WILLIAM VINCENT (1814-1865)

Wallace or the See also:

• DEVIL (Gr. &a,3oXos, " slanderer," from &ctflisXX sty, to slander)

devil." He used to feast his See also:

• FRIENDS, SOCIETY
• FRIENDS, SOCIETY OF

friends with dishes brought by See also:

• SPIRITS

spirits from the royal kitchens of See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France and See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain and other lands . His embassy to France alone on the back of a See also:

• COAL

coal-See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black demon steed is also celebrated, in which he brought the See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French monarch to his knees by the results of the stamping of his See also:

• HORSE (a word common to Teutonic languages in such forms as hors, hros, ros; cf. the Ger. ross)

horse's hoof: the first ringing the bells of Notre See also:

• DAME
• DAME (through the Fr. from Lat. domina, mistress, lady, the feminine of dominus, master, lord)

Dame and the second causing the towers of the See also:

• PALACE (Lat. Palatium, the name given by Augustus to his residence on the Palatine Hill)

palace to fall . Other See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers and exploits are narrated in See also:

• FOLENGO, TEOFILO (1491-1544)

Folengo's Macaronic poem of See also:

• MERLIN, ANTOINE CHRISTOPHE (1762-1833)
• MERLIN, PHILIPPE ANTOINE, COUNT (1754-1838)

Merlin Coccaius (1595) .

But Michael's reputation as a magician was already fixed in the See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age immediately following his own . He appears in the Inferno of See also:

• DANTE

Dante (See also:

• CANTO (from the Lat. cantus, a song)

canto xx . 115-117) among the magicians and soothsayers . He is represented in the same See also:

• CHARACTER (Gr. xapareri7p, from xap&crew, to scratch)

character by See also:

• BOCCACCIO, GIOVANNI (1313-1375)

Boccaccio, and is severely arraigned by Giovanni See also:

• PICO

Pico della See also:

• MIRANDOLA

Mirandola in his work against astrology, while See also:

• GABRIEL (Heb. SKns, man of God)

Gabriel See also:

• NAUDE, GABRIEL (1600-1653)

Naude finds it necessary to defend his See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good name in his Apologie pour See also:

• LES

les grands personnages faussement accuses de magie . For full details and See also:

• ANALYSIS (Gr. avci and Meta, to break up into parts)

analysis of all the legends attaching to Scot, see Rev . J . See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

Wood See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

Brown, See also:

• LIFE

Life and Legend of Michael Scot (1897) . SCOT AND See also:

• LOT
• LOT (Lat. Oltis)

LOT (O . Fr. escot, A.S. sceot, a See also:

• PAYMENT (Fr. paiement, from payer, to pay; Lat. pacare, to appease, pax, peace)

payment; lot, a portion or See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share), a phrase See also:

• COMMON

common in the records of English See also:

• MEDIEVAL

medieval boroughs, applied to those householders who were, assessed' to any payment (such as See also:

• TALLAGE (med. Lat. tallagium, Fr. lailage, from late Lat. talare, taleare, Fr. tallier, to cut, classical Lat. talea, a cutting, slip; cf. " tally " and the French taille, q.v.)

tallage, aid, &c.) made by the See also:

• BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
• BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)

borough for See also:

• LOCAL

local or See also:

• NATIONAL

national purposes . They were usually members of a gild See also:

• MERCHANT (O. Fr. marcheant, modern marchand; from Lat. mercari, to trade, merx, goods, merchandise)

merchant . Previous to the Reform See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act 1832 those who paid scot and See also:

• BORE

bore lot were entitled to the See also:

• FRANCHISE (from 0. Fr. franchise, freedom, franc, free)

franchise in virtue of this payment, and the rights of those living in 1832 were preserved by the act . The phrase is pre-served in the Disorderly Houses Act 1751, which empowers inhabitants of a See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish or place paying scot and bearing lot therein (i.e. ratepayers) to require the See also:

• CONSTABLE (0. Fr. connestable, Fr. connetable, Med. Lat. comestabilis, conestabilis, constabularius, from the Lat. comes stabuli, count of the stable)
• CONSTABLE, ARCHIBALD (1774-1827)
• CONSTABLE, HENRY (1562-1613)
• CONSTABLE, JOHN (1776-1837)
• CONSTABLE, SIR MARMADUKE (c. 1455-1518)

constable of the parish to prosecute disorderly houses .

See D . P . See also:

• FRY
• FRY, ELIZABETH (178o-1845)
• FRY, SIR EDWARD (1827– )

Fry, " On the Phrase Scot and Lot," in Trans . Philological Society (1867), pp . 167-197; C . See also:

• GROSS

Gross, Gild Merchant, i. c. iv.; See also:

• POLLOCK

Pollock and See also:

• MAITLAND (MAITLAND OF LETHINGTON), WILLIAM
• MAITLAND, EAST
• MAITLAND, EDWARD (1824-1897)
• MAITLAND, FREDERIC WILLIAM (1850-1906)
• MAITLAND, SIR RICHARD (LORD LETHINGTON) (1496-r586)

Maitland, Hist . Eng . See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

Law, p . 647 .