SCREAMER  , a See also:

• BIRD

bird inhabiting See also:

• GUIANA (Guyana, Guayana')

Guiana and the See also:

• AMAZON

Amazon valley, so called in 1781 by T . See also:

• PENNANT, THOMAS (1726-1798)

Pennant (Gen . Birds, p . 37) " from the violent See also:

• NOISE (a word of doubtful origin; O. Fr. nogse or nose; Prov. nausa, which points to Lat. nausea, sickness, as the origin; others take Lat. noxia, harm, as the source)

noise it makes "—the Palamedea cornuta of See also:

• LINNAEUS

Linnaeus . First made known in 1648 by G. de L . Marcgrav under the name of " Anhima," it was more fully described and better figured by See also:

• BUFFON, GEORGE LOUIS LECLERC, COMTE DE (1707-1788)

Buffon under that of Kamichi, still applied to it by See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French writers . Of about the See also:

• SIZE

size of a See also:

• TURKEY

turkey, it is remarkable for the curious " See also:

• HORN
• HORN (a common Teutonic word, cognate with Lat. cornu; cf. Gr. Kipas)
• HORN (Lat. cornu; corresponding terms being Fr. cor, trompe; Ger. Horn; Ital. corno)
• HORN, ARVID BERNHARD, COUNT (1664-1742)
• HORN, PHILIP DE MONTMORENCY, COUNT

horn " or slender caruncle, more than three inches See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long, it bears on its See also:

• CROWN

crown, the two See also:

• SHARP, GRANVILLE (1735-1813)
• SHARP, JAMES (1618-1679)
• SHARP, JOHN (1645-1714)
• SHARP, RICHARD (1759-1835)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1749-1824)
• SHARP, WILLIAM (1856-1905)

sharp spurs with which each wing is armed, and its elongated toes . Its plumage is See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain in See also:

• COLOUR (Lat. color, connected with celare, to hide, the root meaning, therefore, being that of a covering)

colour, being of an almost See also:

• UNIFORM

uniform greyish See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

black above, the space See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the eyes and a See also:

• RING (O.E. hring; a word common to Teutonic languages; and probably cognate with the Lat. circus, Gr. KtpKOS or KpLKOS, Skt'. chakra, wheel, circle, cf. also " harangue "); in art, a band of circular shape of varying sizes, made of any material and used f

ring round the See also:

• NECK (O. Eng. hnecca; the word appears in many Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch ride, Ger. Nacken; in O. E. the common word was heals; cf. Ger. Hals)

neck being variegated with See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white, and a patch of See also:

• PALE (through Fr. pal, from Lat. palms, a stake, for paglus, from the stem pag- of pangere, to fix; " pole " is from the same original source)

pale rufous appearing above the carpal See also:

• JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

joint, while the See also:

• LOWER

lower parts of the See also:

• BODY

body are white . Closely related to this bird is another first described by Linnaeus as a See also:

• SPECIES

species of Parra (see JACANA), to which See also:

• GROUP

group it certainly does not belong, but separated therefrom by Illiger to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form the genus Chauna, and now known as C. chavaria, very generally in See also:

• ENGLISH

English as the " Crested Screamer," a name which was first bestowed on the See also:

• SERIEMA, or CARIAMA

Seriema (q.v.) . This bird inhabits the lagoons and swamps of See also:

• PARAGUAY

Paraguay and See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern See also:

• BRAZIL
• BRAZIL, or BRASIL

Brazil, where it is called " Chaja . " or " Chaka," and is smaller than the preceding, wanting its " horn," but having its See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head furnished with a dependent See also:

• CREST
• CREST (Lat. crista, a plume or tuft)

crest of feathers; while the plumage is See also:

• GREY, CHARLES GREY, 2ND EARL (1764-1845)
• GREY, HENRY GREY, 3RD EARL (1802-1894)
• GREY, LADY JANE (1537-1554)
• GREY, SIR EDWARD
• GREY, SIR GEORGE (1812–1898)

grey . Its See also:

• NEST

nest is a See also:

• LIGHT

light construction of dry rushes, having its See also:

• FOUNDATION (Lat. fundatio, from fundare, to found)

foundation in the See also:

• WATER

water, and contains as many as six eggs, which are white tinged with See also:

• BUFF (from Fr. bu.ffie, a buffalo)

buff .

The See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young are covered with down of a yellowish-See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown colour . A most singular See also:

• HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit possessed by this bird is that of rising in the See also:

• AIR (from an Indo-European root meaning " breathe," " blow ")
• AIR, or ASBEN

air and soaring there in circles at an immense See also:

• ALTITUDE (Lat. altitudo, from altus, high)

altitude, uttering at intervals the very loud cry of which its See also:

• LOCAL

local name is an See also:

• IMITATION (Lat. imitatio, from intitari, to imitate)

imitation . From a dozen to a See also:

• SCORE (O.E. scor, from sceran, to cut, notch, cf. " shear ")

score may be seen at once so occupying themselves . The young are often taken from the nest and reared by the See also:

• PEOPLE

people to attend upon and defend their poultry, a See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty which is faithfully' and, owing to the spurs with which the chaka's wings are armed, successfully discharged . Another very curious See also:

• PROPERTY

property of this bird, which was observed by Jacquin, who brought it to the See also:

• NOTICE

notice of Linnaeus,' is its emphysematous See also:

• CONDITION (Lat. condicio, from condicere, to agree upon, arrange; not connected with conditio, from condere, conditum, to put together)

condition—there being a layer of air-cells between the skin and the muscles, so that on any See also:

• PART

part of the body being pressed a crackling See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

sound is heard . In Central See also:

• AMERICA

America occurs another species, C. derbiana, chiefly distinguished by the darker colour of its plumage . For this a distinct genus, Ischyrornis, was proposed, but apparently without See also:

• NECESSITY (Lat. necessitas)

necessity, by A . B . See also:

• REICHENBACH
• REICHENBACH, GEORG VON (1772–1826)

Reichenbach (Syst . Avium. p. xxi.) . The taxonomic position of the Palamedeidae, for all will allow to the screamers the See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank of a See also:

• FAMILY

family at least, has been much debated . Their anserine relations were pointed out by W .

K . See also:

• PARKER, JOHN HENRY (1806-1884)
• PARKER, JOSEPH (183o-1902)
• PARKER, MARTIN (c. 1600-c. 1656)
• PARKER, MATTHEW (1504-1575)
• PARKER, SAMUEL (164o-1688)
• PARKER, SIR GILBERT (1862— )
• PARKER, SIR HYDE, BART
• PARKER, THEODORE (1810-186o)

Parker in the Zoological Proceedings for 1863 (pp . 511-518, and in the same See also:

• WORK

work for 1867 T . H . See also:

• HUXLEY, THOMAS HENRY (1825–1895)

Huxley placed the family among his Chenomorphae; but this view was contravened in 1876 by A . H . Garrod, who said, " The screamers must have sprung from the See also:

• PRIMARY

primary avian stock as an See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent offshoot 1 Hence J . Latham's name for this species is " Faithful Jacana "—he supposing it to belong to the genus in which Linnaeus placed it . Tacta manu cutis, sub pennis etiam lanosa, crepat ubique fortiter " (Ssst . Nat. ed . 12, i. p . 260).at much the same See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time as did most of the other important families." P .

L . Sclater in 188o placed them In a distinct See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order, Palamedeae, which he, however, placed next to the true Anseres, and they are now generally regarded as forming a sub-order of anseriform birds .