SCUTARI (

See also:

• TURKISH

Turkish, Uskudar, anc. Chrysopolis)  , a town of Turkey in Asia, on the E. shore of the Bosporus, opposite Con-stantinople of which it forms the 9th Cercle Municipale . Its painted wooden houses and white minarets piled upon the slopes of the shore and backed by the cypresses of the great cemetery farther inland present a very picturesque appearance from the sea . The town contains eight mosques, one of them, the Valideh Jami, built in 1547, of considerable beauty . Other remarkable buildings are the vast barracks of Selim III. and a hospital used during the Crimean War (see NIGHTINGALE, FLORENCE) . The chief industry of Scutari is the manufacture of silk, muslin and cotton stuffs . The population is estimated at 105,500, of which two-thirds are Mahommedan . The most striking feature of Scutari is its immense cemetery, the largest and most beautiful of all the cemeteries in and around Constantinople; it extends over more than 3 M. of undulating plain behind the town . Between Scutari and Haidar Pasha the English army lay en-camped during the Crimean War, and in a cemetery on the Bosporus are buried the S000 English who died in hospital . At Haidar Pasha is the terminus of the Angora, Konia and Smyrna railways . Chrysopolis (" Golden City "), the ancient name of Scutari, most probably has reference to the fact that there the Persian tribute was collected, as at a later date the ,.thenians levied there a tenth on the ships passing from the Euxine . Scutari was formerly the post station for Asiatic couriers (Uskudar= courier), as also down to the introduction of steam the terminus of the caravan routes from Syria and Asia .