See also:

• SEDITION (Lat. se or sed, apart, and ire, to go, a going apart, dissension)

SEDITION (See also:

• LAT

Lat. se or sed, apart, and ire, to go, a going apart, dissension)  , in See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, an See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to disturb the tranquillity of the See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state . In See also:

• ROMAN

Roman law See also:

• SEDITION (Lat. se or sed, apart, and ire, to go, a going apart, dissension)

sedition was considered as majestas or See also:

• TREASON (Fr. trahison, Lat. traditio)

treason . In See also:

• ENGLISH

English law it is a very elastic See also:

• TERM

term, including offences ranging from See also:

• LIBEL

libel to treason (q.v.) . It is rarely used except in its adjectival See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form, e.g. seditious libel, seditious See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting or seditious See also:

• CONSPIRACY (from Lat. conspirare, literally to breathe together, to agree, combine, and especially to form a secret plot)

conspiracy . " As to sedition itself," says Mr See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

Justice See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

Stephen, " I do not think that any such offence is known to English law " (His' . Crim . Law, vol. ii. See also:

• CHAP

chap. See also:

• XXIV

xxiv.).' The See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal enactments now in force dealing with seditious offences were all passed during the last twenty-five years of the reign of See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George III . They are the Unlawful Oaths See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act 1797, prohibiting the administering or taking of unlawful oaths (see See also:

• OATH (0. Eng. ddh)

OATH) or the belonging to an unlawful confederacy; the Unlawful Drilling Act 1819–1820 prohibited unlawful drilling and military exercises; and the acts for the suppression of corresponding See also:

• SOCIETIES, LEARNED

societies, the Unlawful Societies Act 1799 and the Seditious Meetings Act 1817 . No proceedings can be instituted under these last two acts without the authority of the law See also:

• OFFICERS

officers of the See also:

• CROWN

crown (Corresponding Societies, &c., Act, 1846) . Under the See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head of statutes aimed at seditious offences may also be classed statutes of See also:

• RICHARD
• RICHARD (d. 1184)
• RICHARD, FRANCOIS MARIE BENJAMIN (18,9-1908)
• RICHARD, HENRY (1812-1888)
• RICHARD, ST

Richard II . (1378, 1388) against scandalum _magnatum or See also:

• SLANDER

slander of See also:

• GREAT

great men, such as peers, See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

judges or great officers of state, whereby discord may arise within the See also:

• REALM

realm, and a See also:

• STATUTE

statute of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles II . (1661) against tumultuous petitioning (see See also:

• PETITION (Lat. for " seeking " or " praying ")

PETITION) .

There has been no See also:

• PROSECUTION

prosecution for many years for seditious words as distinguished from seditious libel, but such words have been admitted as See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence in proceedings for seditious conspiracy (q.v.), as in the prosecution of O'Connell in 1844 and of C . S . See also:

• PARNELL, CHARLES STEWART (1846-1891)
• PARNELL, THOMAS (1679-1718)

Parnell and others in 188o (see Reg. v . Parnell, See also:

• COX, DAVID (1783-1859)
• COX, JACOB DOLSON (1828-1900)
• COX, KENYON (1856– )
• COX, RICHARD (I3oo ?–1581)
• COX, SAMUEL (1826–1893)
• COX, SAMUEL HANSON (1793-1880)
• COX, SIR GEORGE WILLIAM (1827-1902)

Cox's Criminal Cases, vol. xiv . 508) . By the See also:

• PRISON (derived through the Fr. from the Lat. prehensio, seizure)

Prison Act 1877, any prisoner under See also:

• SENTENCE (Lat. sententia, a way of thinking, opinion, judgment; vote, sentire, to feel, think)

sentence for sedition or seditious libel is to be treated as a misdemeanant of the first See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division . ' The word " sedition " occurs, however, in the Prison Act 1877, s . 40 . See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland.—" All acts by which the minds of the See also:

• PEOPLE

people may be incited to defeat the See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government or See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control legislation by violent or unconstitutional means are seditious " (See also:

• MACDONALD, FLORA (1722—1790)
• MACDONALD, GEORGE (1824-1905)
• MACDONALD, JACQUES ETIENNE JOSEPH
• MACDONALD, JOHN SANDFIELD (1812-1872)
• MACDONALD, LAWRENCE (1799-1878)
• MACDONALD, SIR HECTOR ARCHIBALD (1852-1903)
• MACDONALD, SIR JOHN ALEXANDER (1815-1891)

Macdonald, Criminal Law, 229) . Sedition is punishable by See also:

• FINE

fine or imprisonment or both (See also:

• PUNISHMENT (from Lat. punire, to punish, from poena, punishment, Gr. 7rocvil)

Punishment of Leasing-making, &c., 1825) . A very large number of acts of the Scottish See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament dealt with sedition, beginning as See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early as 1184 with the See also:

• ASSIZE

assize of See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William the See also:

• LION
• LION (Lat, leo, leonis; Gr. Mew)

Lion, c . 29 .

Leasing-making is to be distinguished from sedition, as it attacked only the See also:

• SOVEREIGN

sovereign individually, not the government . See also:

• UNITED

United States.—In the acts of See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress the word " sedition " appears to occur only in the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army and See also:

• NAVY

navy articles . A soldier joining any sedition or who, being See also:

• PRESENT

present at any sedition, does not use his utmost endeavour to suppress the same, is punishable with See also:

• DEATH

death or such other punishment as a See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court-See also:

• MARTIAL (MARCUS VALERIUS MARTIALIS)

martial shall See also:

• DIRECT

direct (U.S . Rev . Stats . § 1342, arts . 22, 23) . A sailor uttering seditious words is punishable at the discretion of a court-martial . In 1798 an act of Congress called the Sedition Act was passed, which expired by effluxion of See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time in 1801 . Its constitutionality was violently assailed at the time and it "was beyond all question condemned by public sentiment " as " susceptible of being used for purposes of oppression and terrorism." (See See also:

• STORY, JOHN (c. 1510-1571)
• STORY, JOSEPH (1779-1845)
• STORY, ROBERT HERBERT (1835-1907)
• STORY, WILLIAM WETMORE (1819—1895)

Story on the constitution of the United States, §§ 1293-1294.) Several prosecutions under the act will be found in See also:

• WHARTON (FAMILY)
• WHARTON, FRANCIS (1820–1889)
• WHARTON, HENRY (1664–1695)

Wharton's State Trials . Sedition is also dealt with by the state See also:

• LAWS

laws mostly in a very liberal spirit . Thus the See also:

• LOUISIANA

Louisiana See also:

• CODE (Lat. codex)

Code, § 394, enacted that " there is no such offence known to our law as See also:

• DEFAMATION (from the classical Lat. diffamare, to spread abroad an evil report—the English form in de is taken from the Late Lat. defamare)

defamation of the government or either of its branches, either under the name of libel, slander, seditious See also:

• WRITING
• WRITING (the verbal noun of " to write," O. Eng. writan, to inscribe)

writing or other appellation." By § III, to constitute the offence of sedition " there must be not only a See also:

• DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design to dismember the state, or to subvert or See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change its constitution, but an attempt must be made to do it by force .

It has been held that publications which tend to degrade and vilify the constitution, to promote insurrection and circulate discontent through its members, to asperse its justice and anywise impair the exercise of its functions are seditious and are visited with the See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar rigour of the law (1805, Respub. v . Dennie, .,g . Yeates (Penna), 267) . The See also:

• DEFENDANT

defendant was indicted " as a factitious and seditious See also:

• PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person of a wicked mind and unquiet and turbulent disposition and conversation, seditiously, maliciously and wilfully Intending as much as in him See also:

• LAY

lay to bring into contempt and hatred the See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

independence of the United States, the constitution of this See also:

• COMMONWEALTH

commonwealth and of the United States, to excite popular discontent and dissatisfaction against the See also:

• SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)

scheme of polity instituted and upon trial in the said United States and in the said See also:

• COMMON

common-See also:

• WEALTH

wealth, to molest, disturb and destroy the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace and public tranquillity of the said United States . . . to condemn the principles of revolution and revile, depreciate and scandalize the characters of the revolutionary patriots and statesmen, to endanger, subvert and totally destroy the republican constitutions and See also:

• FREE

free governments of the United States . . . to involve (it) . . . in See also:

• CIVIL

civil See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war, desolation and anarchy and to procure by See also:

• ART

art and force a See also:

• RADICAL (Lat. radix, a root)

radical change and alteration in the principles and forms of the said constitutions and governments without the free will and concurrence of the people of the United States, and to fulfil, perfect and bring to effect his wicked, seditious and detestable intentions aforesaid he the said See also:

• JOSEPH
• JOSEPH, COMTE DE (1785-1870)
• JOSEPH, FATHER (FRANCOIS LECLERC DU TREMBLAY) (1577-1638)

Joseph Dennie on the 23rd of See also:

• APRIL

April 1803 at the See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city of See also:

• PHILADELPHIA

Philadelphia falsely, maliciously, factiously and seditiously did make, compose, write and publish the following libel, to wit, ' a See also:

• DEMOCRACY (Gr. 3np.oKparia, from S)µos, the people, i.e. the commons, and Kparos, rule)

democracy is scarcely tolerable at any See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of See also:

• NATIONAL

national See also:

• HISTORY

history . Its omens are always sinister and its See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers are unpropitious; it was weak and wicked at See also:

• ATHENS
• ATHENS ['AN vat, Athenae, modem colloquial Greek `Ath va]

Athens, it was See also:

• BAD, BCD

bad in See also:

• SPARTA (Gr. Eirapril or AaKe5atycav)

Sparta and worse in See also:

• ROME
• ROME (Roma)

Rome .... It was tried in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England and rejected with the utmost loathing and abhorrence . It is on its trial here and its issue will be civil war, desolation and anarchy .... No honest See also:

• MAN
• MAN, ISLE OF (anc. Mona)

man but proclaims its See also:

• FRAUD (Lat. fraus, deceit)

fraud, and no brave man but draws his See also:

• SWORD (0. Eng. sweord; ultimately from an Indo-European root meaning to wound)

sword against its force,' &c., &c." The defendant was found not guilty . . See also:

• CONTINENT (from Lat. continere, "to hold together "; hence " connected," " continuous ")

Continent of See also:

• EUROPE

Europe.—The -See also:

• CONTINENTAL

continental codes as a See also:

• RULE

rule are little more definite than English law in their treatment of sedition .

In See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany a distinction is See also:

• DRAWN

drawn between Auflauf, the remaining together of a See also:

• MOB

mob after the authorities have thrice bid it disperse, and Aufruhr or Aufstand, an organized resistance to the authorities; but no See also:

• DEFINITION (Lat. definitio, from de-finire, to set limits to, describe)

definition is given of the terms . The Hungarian penal code defines Aufstand to be an armed See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

assembly which has the intention of attacking a class of citizens, a See also:

• NATIONALITY

nationality or a religious See also:

• BODY

body . The See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French penal code recognizes a difference between sedition and See also:

• REUNION

reunion seditieuse . If carried out with sufficient See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers and sufficient force sedition becomes See also:

• REBELLION

rebellion . See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

Section too exempts from the penalties of sedition those who have merely been present at a seditious meeting without taking any active See also:

• PART

part therein, and have dispersed at the first warning of the military or civil authorities .