See also:

• COMTE, AUGUSTE [ISIDORE AUGUSTE MARIE FRANCOIS XAVIER] (1798-1857)

COMTE DE PHILIPPE See also:

• PAUL
• PAUL (PAULUS)

PAUL See also:

• SEGUR
• SEGUR, LOUIS PHILIPPE, COMTE DE (1753-1830)
• SEGUR, PHILIPPE HENRI, MARQUIS DE (1724-18o1)
• COMTE DE PHILIPPE PAUL SEGUR (1780-1873)

SEGUR (1780-1873)  , See also:

• FRENCH
• FRENCH, DANIEL CHESTER (1850– )
• FRENCH, NICHOLAS (1604-1678)

French See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general and historian, son of See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis Philippe, See also:

• COMTE, AUGUSTE [ISIDORE AUGUSTE MARIE FRANCOIS XAVIER] (1798-1857)

comte de See also:

• SEGUR
• SEGUR, LOUIS PHILIPPE, COMTE DE (1753-1830)
• SEGUR, PHILIPPE HENRI, MARQUIS DE (1724-18o1)
• SEGUR, PHILIPPE PAUL, COMTE DE (1780-1873)

Segur, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• PARIS
• PARIS (also called ALEXANDROS)
• PARIS, ALEXIS PAULIN (1800-x881)
• PARIS, BRUNO PAULIN GASTON (1839-1903)
• PARIS, FRANCOIS DE (169o-1727)
• PARIS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ALBERT
• PARIS, TREATIES OF (1814-1815)

Paris on the 4th of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1780 . He enlisted in the See also:

• CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

cavalry in 1800, and forthwith obtained a See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission . He served with General See also:

• MACDONALD, FLORA (1722—1790)
• MACDONALD, GEORGE (1824-1905)
• MACDONALD, JACQUES ETIENNE JOSEPH
• MACDONALD, JOHN SANDFIELD (1812-1872)
• MACDONALD, LAWRENCE (1799-1878)
• MACDONALD, SIR HECTOR ARCHIBALD (1852-1903)
• MACDONALD, SIR JOHN ALEXANDER (1815-1891)

Macdonald in the See also:

• GRISONS (Ger. Graubunden)

Grisons in 1800-18o1, and published an See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of the See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign in 1802 . By the See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

Colonel See also:

• DUROC, GERAUD CHRISTOPHE MICHEL

Duroc (afterwards duc de Frioul) he was attached to the See also:

• PERSONAL

personal See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff of See also:

• NAPOLEON

Napoleon . He served through most of the important See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

campaigns of the first See also:

• EMPIRE

empire, and was frequently employed on See also:

• DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic See also:

• MISSIONS (Lat. missio, a sending)

missions . During the campaign in See also:

• POLAND (Polish Polska, Ger. Polen), (see POLAND, RUSSIAN, below)
• POLAND, RUSSIAN

Poland in 1807 he was taken prisoner by the Russians, but was exchanged at the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace of See also:

• TILSIT

Tilsit . His brilliant conduct in the cavalry See also:

• CHARGE
• CHARGE (through the Fr. from the Late Lat. carricare, to load in a carrus or wagon; cf. " cargo ")

charge at Somo Sierra on the 3oth of November 18o8 (see See also:

• PENINSULAR

PENINSULAR See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

WAR) won him the grade of colonel, but his wounds compelled him to return to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France . As general of See also:

• BRIGADE (Fr. and Ger. brigade, Ital. brigata, Span. brigada; the English use of the word dates from the early 17th century)

brigade he took See also:

• PART

part in the See also:

• RUSSIAN

Russian campaign of 1812, and in the campaigns of 1813 and 1814 he repeatedly distinguished himself, notably at See also:

• HANAU

Hanau (See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1813), and in a brilliant affair at See also:

• REIMS
• REIMS (RHEIMS)

Reims (See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1814) . He remained in the See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army at the Restoration, but, having accepted a command from Napoleon during the See also:

• HUNDRED

Hundred Days, he was retired until 1818, and took no further active part in affairs until the revolution of 183o . During his retirement he wrote his Histoire de Napoleon et de la grande armee See also:

• PENDANT (through Fr. from Lat. pendere, to hang)

pendant l'annee 1812 (Paris, 2 vols., 1824), which ran through numerous See also:

• EDITIONS

editions, and was translated into several See also:

• LANGUAGES

languages . The unfavourable portrait of Napoleon given in this See also:

• BOOK

book provoked representations from General See also:

• GOURGAUD, GASPAR, BARON (1783-1852)

Gourgaud, and eventually a See also:

• DUEL (Ital. duello, Lat. duellum—old form of bellum-from duo, two)

duel, in which Segur was wounded . On the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of the See also:

• JULY

July See also:

• MONARCHY (Fr. monarchic, from Lat. monarchia, Gr. uovapXia, rule of one, µbvos, alone, apXi7, rule)

monarchy he received, in 1831, the grade of See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant-general and a See also:

• PEERAGE
• PEERAGE (Fr. pairage, med. Lat. paragium; M.E. Pere, 0. Fr. per, peer, later pair; Lat. Paris, " equal ")

peerage .

In 183o he was admitted to the French See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy, and he became See also:

• GRAND

grand See also:

• CROSS

cross of the See also:

• LEGION (Lat. legio)

Legion of See also:

• HONOUR (Lat. honos or lwnor, honoris; in English the word was spelled with or without the u indifferently until the 17th century, but during the 18th century it became fashion-able to spell the word " honor "; Johnson's and Webster's Dictionaries stereoty

Honour in 1847 . After the revolution of 1848 he lived in retirement . He died in Paris on the 25th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1873 . His See also:

• WORKS

works include: Histoire de Russie et de See also:

• PIERRE

Pierre le Gland (1829); Histoire de See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles VIII . (2 vols., 1834-1842), in continuation of the See also:

• HISTORY

history of France begun by his See also:

• FATHER

father; and the See also:

• POSTHUMOUS

posthumous Histoire et memoires (8 vols., 1873) . See Un Aide-de-See also:

• CAMP (from Lat. campus, field)

camp de Napoleon (1800-1812), memoires du general comte de Segur, new edition by his See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson Louis de Segur (3 vols., 1894–1895), of which an abridged See also:

• ENGLISH

English version was published in 1895 .