See also:

• SIR

SIR See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

ROBERT See also:

• SIR ROBERT SEPPINGS (1767-1840)

SEPPINGS (1767-1840)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• NAVAL

naval architect, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at Fakenham, See also:

• NORFOLK
• NORFOLK, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Norfolk, in 1767, and in 1782 was apprenticed in See also:

• PLYMOUTH
• PLYMOUTH, EARLS OF

Plymouth dockyard . In 1800, when he had risen to be See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master shipwright assistant in the yard, he invented a See also:

• DEVICE

device which, as compared with the laborious See also:

• PROCESS

process of lifting then in See also:

• VOGUE, EUGENE MELCHIOR, COMTE DE (1848- )

vogue, greatly reduced the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time required for effecting See also:

• REPAIRS (from Lat. reparare, to make ready again)

repairs to the See also:

• LOWER

lower portions of See also:

• SHIPS

ships in dry See also:

• DOCK

dock . His See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan was to make the See also:

• KEEL

keel of the See also:

• SHIP

ship See also:

• REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest upon a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of supports placed on the See also:

• FLOOR (from O. Eng. flor, a word common to many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch vloer, and Ger. Flur, a field, in the feminine, and a floor, masculine)

floor of the dock and each consisting of three parts—two being wedges arranged one on each See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the keel at right angles to it, with their thin ends together, while the third was a See also:

• VERTICAL (from Lat. vertex, highest point)

vertical See also:

• WEDGE (O. Eng. wecg, a mass of metal, cognate with Dutch wig, wigge, Dan. vaegge, &c.; in Lith. the cognate form outside Teut. is found in wagis, a peg, spigot; there is no connexion with " weigh," " weight," which must be referred to the root wegh, to li

wedge fitting in and supported by the lower pair . The result was that it became possible in a comparatively See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short time to remove these supporting structures by knocking out the side wedges, when the workmen gained See also:

• FREE

free See also:

• ACCESS (Lat. accessus)

access to the whole of the keel, the See also:

• VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

vessel remaining suspended by the shores . For this invention See also:

• SEPPINGS, SIR ROBERT (1767-1840)

Seppings received £IOoo from the See also:

• ADMIRALTY, HIGH COURT OF

Admiralty, and in 1804 was promoted to be a master shipwright at See also:

• CHATHAM
• CHATHAM, WILLIAM PITT

Chatham . There, in spite of the repugnance to innovation displayed by the naval authorities of that See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, he was able to introduce important improvements in the methods of ship-construction . In particular he increased the See also:

• LONGITUDINAL

longitudinal strength of the vessels by a See also:

• SYSTEM

system of See also:

• DIAGONAL (Gr. &a, through, ywvia, a corner)

diagonal bracing, and modified the See also:

• DESIGN (Fr. desiin, drawing; Lat. designare, to mark out)

design of the bows and stern, so that they became stronger, not only offering better See also:

• PROTECTION

protection than the old forms to the crews against the enemy's See also:

• FIRE (in O. Eng. f j'r; the word is common to West German languages, cf. Dutch vuur, Ger. Feuer; the pre-Teutonic form is seen in Sanskrit pu, pavaka, and Gr. irup; the ultimate origin is usually taken to be a root meaning to purify, cf. Lat. purus)

fire, but also permitting a powerful armament to be fitted . Seppings, who received a See also:

• KNIGHTHOOD

knighthood in 1819, was appointed surveyor of the See also:

• NAVY

navy in 1813, and held that See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office till his retirement in 1832 . He died at See also:

• TAUNTON
• TAUNTON, HENRY LABOUCHERE, BARON (1798–1869)

Taunton on the 25th of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1840 .