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See also:SERAJEVO (pronounced SERAJEVO, " the See also:city of palaces "; See also:Turkish, Bosna Serai; Ger. Sarajewo; Ital. Seraglio) , the See also:capital of Bosnia, situated on the Miljacka, a small right-See also:hand tributary of the Bosna and on the railway from Bosna-See also:Brod, 167 m . N., to See also:Ragusa . Pop . (1895) 37,713, chiefly Serbo-Croatians, with small colonies of See also:gipsies and See also:Jews . The See also:city, frequently called the " See also:Damascus of the See also:North," spreads over a narrow valley, closed on the See also:east by a semicircle of rugged hills . Though still See also:half See also:oriental, and wholly beautiful, with its See also:Turkish See also:bazaar, its See also:hundred mosques, wooden houses and See also:cypress groves, it was largely rebuilt, after 1878, in western See also:fashion . The See also:river was also canalized, a See also:telephone service introduced, and extensive drainage See also:works carried out . See also:Serajevo is the seat of the provincial See also:government, of a See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:bishop, an Orthodox See also:metropolitan, the highest Moslem ecclesiastical authority or Reis-el-See also:ulema, and the supreme See also:court . It is the centre of Bosnian See also:education, containing the celebrated orphanage founded in 1869 by See also:Miss Irby and Miss See also:Mackenzie (afterwards See also:Lady Sebright); the Scheriat-Schule, which derives its name from the Turkish See also:code or scheri, and is maintained by the See also:state for Moslem See also:law-students; a gymnasium, a technical See also:institute and a teachers' training-See also:college . The Begova Djamia (Djamia), or See also:mosque of Husref See also:Bey, is only surpassed, among See also:European mosques, by those of See also:Adrianople and See also:Constantinople . It was founded, in 1465, by Husref or Usref, See also:pasha of Bosnia . The See also:castle and See also:barracks, occupied by an See also:Austrian See also:garrison, stand on a cliff commanding a See also:fine view of the city .
Other noteworthy buildings are the konak or See also:governor's See also:residence, the Roman Catholic and Orthodox cathedrals, the See also:hospital, the townhall and the museum, with fine antiquarian and natural See also:history collections
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In the Silvan Tekke or See also:Dervish monastery the ceremonies of the howling and dancing Dervishes may be witnessed
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Turkish See also:baths and cafes are numerous
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The bazaar, or cariija, is a See also:labyrinth of dark lanes, lined with booths, where embroideries, rugs, embossed See also:fire-arms, filagree-See also:work in See also:gold and See also:silver, and other native wares are displayed
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There are also large See also:potteries, See also:silk-See also:mills, a brewery and a See also:tobacco factory
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At the See also:mineral baths of Ilidze near the city, where many Roman remains have been found, a hydropathic See also:establishment was opened in 1899
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The whole neighbourhood is See also:rich in prehistoric remains
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Founded, in 1262, by the Hungarian See also:General Cotroman, under the name of Bosnavar or Vrhbosna, Serajevo was enlarged by Husref Bey two centuries later, and takes its name from the See also:palace (Turkish, serai), which he founded
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During the See also:wars between See also:Turkey and See also:Austria, its ownership was often contested; and it See also:fell before See also:
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