SERVICE

TREE  , Pyrus domestica, a native of the Mediterranean region, not infrequently planted in southern Europe for its fruit . It has been regarded as a native of England on the evidence of a single specimen, which has probably been planted, now existing in the forest of Wyre . Though not much cultivated its fruit is esteemed by some persons, and therefore two or three trees may very well be provided with a place in the orchard, or in a sheltered corner of the lawn . The tree is seldom productive till it has arrived at a goodly size and age . The fruit has a peculiar acid flavour, and, like the medlar, is fit for use only when thoroughly mellowed by being kept till it has become bletted . There is a pear-shaped variety, pyriformis, and also an apple-shaped variety, maliformis, both of which may be propagated by layers, and still better by grafting on seedling plants of their own kind . The fruit is sometimes brought to market in winter . The service is nearly allied to the mountain ash, Pyrus Aucuparia, which it resembles in having regularly primate leaves . P. torminalis is the wild service, a small tree occurring locally in woods and hedges from Lancashire southwards; the fruit is sold in country markets . These, with other species, including P . Aria, white beam, so-called from the leaves which are white and flocculent beneath, form the subgenus Sorbus, which -was regarded by Linnaeus as a distinct genus . right of using and enjoying the fruits of property; and (c) and (d) operas servorum sive animalium .

Praedial servitudes were either (a) rustic, such as

jus eundi, the right of walking or riding along the footpath of another; aquae ductus, the right of passage for water; pascendi, the right of pasture, &c ; or (b) urban . Urban servitudes were of various kinds, as oneris ferendi, the right of using the wall of another to support a man's own wall; projiciendi, the right of building a structure, such as a balcony or verandah, so as to project over another's land; stillicidii, fumy immittendi and several others . Servitudes were created by a disposition inter vivos, or by contract; by testamentary disposition; by the conveyance of land or by prescription . They might be extinguished by destruction of either, the res serviens or the res dominans; by release of the right, or by the vesting of the ownership of the res serviens and res dominans in the same person . In English law there may be certain limited rights over the land of another, corresponding somewhat to servitudes, and termed easements (q.v.) . In Scots law the term is still in use (see EAsEMExt) .