See also:

• ROGER (d. 1139)
• ROGER (d. 1181)

ROGER See also:

• SHERMAN
• SHERMAN, JOHN (x823-1900)
• ROGER SHERMAN (1721–1793)

SHERMAN (1721–1793)  , See also:

• AMERICAN

American See also:

• POLITICAL

political See also:

• LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader, a signer of the See also:

• DECLARATION (from Lat. declarare, to make fully clear, clams)

Declaration of See also:

• INDEPENDENCE
• INDEPENDENCE, DECLARATION OF
• INDEPENDENCE, WAR OF

Independence, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born at See also:

• NEWTON
• NEWTON, ALFRED (1829–1907)
• NEWTON, JOHN (1725-1807)
• NEWTON, JOHN (1823-1895)
• NEWTON, SIR CHARLES THOMAS (1816-1894)
• NEWTON, SIR ISAAC (1642-1727)

Newton, See also:

• MASSACHUSETTS (an Indian name, originally applied to a tribe of Indians)

Massachusetts, on the 19th of See also:

• APRIL

April 1721 (O.S.) . He removed with his parents to See also:

• STOUGHTON, JOHN (1807-1897)

Stoughton in 1723, attended the See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country school there, and at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age learned the cobbler's See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade in his See also:

• FATHER

father's See also:

• SHOP

shop . Removing to New See also:

• MILFORD

Milford, See also:

• CONNECTICUT

Connecticut, in 1743, he worked as See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county surveyor, engaged in See also:

• MERCANTILE (or COMMERCIAL) AGENCIES

mercantile pursuits, studied See also:

• LAW
• LAW (0. Eng. lagu, M. Eng. lawe; from an old Teutonic root lag, " lie," what lies fixed or evenly; cf. Lat. lex, Fr. loi)
• LAW, JOHN (1671—1729)
• LAW, WILLIAM (1686-1761)

law, and in 1754 was admitted to the See also:

• BAR
• BAR (0. Fr. barre, Late Lat. barra, origin unknown)
• BAR, CONFEDERATION OF
• BAR, FRANCOIS DE (1538-1606)
• BAR, THE

bar . He represented New Milford in the Connecticut See also:

• ASSEMBLY, UNLAWFUL

Assembly in 1755—1756 and again in 1758–1761 . From 1761 until his See also:

• DEATH

death New Haven was his See also:

• HOME
• HOME, DANIEL DUNGLAS (1833-1886)
• HOME, EARLS OF

home . He was once more a member of the Connecticut Assembly in 1764–1766, was one of the See also:

• GOVERNOR (from the Fr. gouverneur, from gouverner, O. Fr. governer, Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, to direct, guide)

governor's assistants in 1766–1785, a See also:

• JUDGE (Lat. judex, Fr. juge)

judge of the Connecticut See also:

• SUPERIOR

superior See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court in 1766–1789, treasurer of Yale See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College in 1765–1776, a delegate to the See also:

• CONTINENTAL

Continental See also:

• CONGRESS (Lat. congressus, coming together, from congredi; cum, with, and gradus, step)

Congress in 1774–1781 and again in 1783–1784, a member of the Connecticut See also:

• COMMITTEE (from commute, an Anglo-Fr. past participle of commettre, Lat. committere, to entrust; the modern Fr. equivalent comite is derived from the Eng.)

Committee of Safety in 1777–1779 and in 1782, See also:

• MAYOR (Lat. major, greater)
• MAYOR, JOHN EYTON BICKERSTETH (1825– )

mayor of New Haven in 1784–1793, a delegate to the Federal Constitutional See also:

• CONVENTION (Lat. conventio, an assembly or agreement, from convenire, to come together)
• CONVENTION, THE NATIONAL

Convention of 1787 and to the Connecticut Ratification Convention of the same See also:

• YEAR

year, and a member of the Federal See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

House of Representatives in 1789–1791 and of the See also:

• UNITED

United States See also:

• SENATE (Lat. senatus, from root sen-, as in senex, old; the root is the Sanskrit sana, cf. Gr. 'vos; the same element appears in senor, seigneur, seneschal)

Senate in 1791–1793 . He was on the committee which drafted the Declaration of Independence, and also on that which drafted the Articles of See also:

• CONFEDERATION (Fr. confederation, Lat. confoederatio, from foedus, a league, foederare, to form a league)

Confederation . His greatest public service, however, was performed in the Federal Constitutional Convention . In the See also:

• BITTER, KARL THEODORE FRANCIS (1867– )

bitter conflict between the large See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state party and the small state party he and his colleagues, See also:

• OLIVER, ISAAC (c. 1566--1617)
• OLIVER, PETER (1594-1648)

Oliver See also:

• ELLSWORTH
• ELLSWORTH, OLIVER (1745–1807)

Ellsworth and See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William See also:

• SAMUEL

Samuel See also:

• JOHNSON, ANDREW
• JOHNSON, ANDREW (1808–1875)
• JOHNSON, BENJAMIN (c. 1665-1742)
• JOHNSON, EASTMAN (1824–1906)
• JOHNSON, REVERDY (1796–1876)
• JOHNSON, RICHARD (1573–1659 ?)
• JOHNSON, RICHARD MENTOR (1781–1850)
• JOHNSON, SAMUEL (1709-1784)
• JOHNSON, SIR THOMAS (1664-1729)
• JOHNSON, SIR WILLIAM (1715–1774)
• JOHNSON, THOMAS

Johnson, acted as peacemakers . Their See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share in bringing about the final See also:

• SETTLEMENT
• SETTLEMENT, ACT OF

settlement, which provided for equal See also:

• REPRESENTATION

representation in one house and proportional representation in the other, was so important that the settlement itself has come to be called the " Connecticut See also:

• COMPROMISE (pronounced compromize; through Fr. from Lat. compromittere)

Compromise." He helped to defeat the proposal to give Congress a See also:

• VETO (Lat. for " I forbid ")

veto on state legislation, showing that it was illogical to confersuch a See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, since the constitution itself is the law of the See also:

• LAND

land and no state See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

act contravening it is legal . In the Federal Congress (1789–1793) he favoured the See also:

• ASSUMPTION, FEAST OF

assumption of the state debts, the See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment of a See also:

• NATIONAL

national See also:

• BANK

bank and the See also:

• ADOPTION (Lat. adoptio, for adoptalio, from adoptare, to choose for oneself)

adoption of a protective See also:

• TARIFF (adapted in English from the French; the word comes through the Spanish tarifa, a list or schedule of prices, from the Arabic, ta'rifa, information, an inventory, 'arf, know-ledge)

tariff policy . Although strongly opposed to See also:

• SLAVERY

slavery, he refused to support the See also:

• PARKER, JOHN HENRY (1806-1884)
• PARKER, JOSEPH (183o-1902)
• PARKER, MARTIN (c. 1600-c. 1656)
• PARKER, MATTHEW (1504-1575)
• PARKER, SAMUEL (164o-1688)
• PARKER, SIR GILBERT (1862— )
• PARKER, SIR HYDE, BART
• PARKER, THEODORE (1810-186o)

Parker See also:

• RESOLUTION

resolution of 1789 providing for a See also:

• DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty of ten dollars per See also:

• HEAD (in 0. Eng. heafad; the word is common to Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch hoofd, Ger. Haupt, generally taken to be in origin connected with Lat. caput, Gr. KerbOvi7)
• HEAD, SIR EDMUND WALKER, BART
• HEAD, SIR FRANCIS BOND, BART

head on negroes brought from See also:

• AFRICA
• AFRICA, ROMAN

Africa, on the ground that it emphasized the See also:

• PROPERTY

property See also:

• ELEMENT (Lat. elementum)

element in slavery .

He died in.New Haven on the 23rd of See also:

• JULY

July 1793 . See also:

• SHERMAN
• SHERMAN, JOHN (x823-1900)
• SHERMAN, ROGER (1721–1793)

Sherman was not a deep and See also:

• ORIGINAL

original thinker like See also:

• JAMES
• JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
• JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
• JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
• JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
• JAMES, EPISTLE OF
• JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
• JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
• JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
• JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
• JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)

James See also:

• WILSON, ALEXANDER (1766-1813)
• WILSON, HENRY (1812–1875)
• WILSON, HORACE HAYMAN (1786–1860)
• WILSON, JAMES (1742—1798)
• WILSON, JAMES (1835— )
• WILSON, JAMES HARRISON (1837– )
• WILSON, JOHN (1627-1696)
• WILSON, JOHN (178 1854)
• WILSON, ROBERT (d. 1600)
• WILSON, SIR DANIEL (1816–1892)
• WILSON, SIR ROBERT THOMAS (1777—1849)
• WILSON, SIR WILLIAM JAMES ERASMUS
• WILSON, THOMAS (1663-1755)
• WILSON, THOMAS (c. 1525-1581)
• WILSON, WOODROW (1856— )

Wilson, nor was he a brilliant leader like See also:

• ALEXANDER
• ALEXANDER (1461-1506)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OF BATTENBERG) (1857-1893)
• ALEXANDER (ALEXANDER OsxENOVici) (1876-1903)
• ALEXANDER, ARCHIBALD (1772—1851)
• ALEXANDER, FRANCIS (1800—1881)
• ALEXANDER, GEORGE (1858— )
• ALEXANDER, JOHN WHITE (1856- )
• ALEXANDER, JOSEPH ADDISON (18o9—186o)
• ALEXANDER, SIR JAMES EDWARD (1803—1885)
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM (1824— )
• ALEXANDER, WILLIAM LINDSAY (1808—1884)

Alexander See also:

• HAMILTON
• HAMILTON (GRAND or ASHUANIPI)
• HAMILTON, ALEXANDER (1757-1804)
• HAMILTON, ANTHONY, or ANTOINE (1646-1720)
• HAMILTON, ELIZABETH (1758–1816)
• HAMILTON, EMMA, LADY (c. 1765-1815)
• HAMILTON, JAMES (1769-1831)
• HAMILTON, JAMES HAMILTON, 1ST DUKE OF (1606-1649)
• HAMILTON, JOHN (c. 1511–1571)
• HAMILTON, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF
• HAMILTON, PATRICK (1504-1528)
• HAMILTON, ROBERT (1743-1829)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM (1730-1803)
• HAMILTON, SIR WILLIAM ROWAN (1805-1865)
• HAMILTON, THOMAS (1789-1842)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM (1704-1754)
• HAMILTON, WILLIAM GERARD (1729-1796)

Hamilton; but owing to his conservative temperament, his See also:

• SOUND
• SOUND, THE (Danish Oresund)

sound See also:

• JUDGMENT

judgment and his wide experience he was well qualified to See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead the compromise cause in the convention of 1787 . Two of Sherman's grandsons, William M . See also:

• EVARTS, WILLIAM MAXWELL (1818–1901)

Evarts and See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George F . See also:

• HOAR, SAMUEL (1778-1856)

Hoar, were prominent in the later See also:

• HISTORY

history of the country . See also:

• LEWIS, HENRY CARVILL
• LEWIS, JOHN FREDERICK (180 1876)
• LEWIS, MATTHEW GREGORY (1775-1818)
• LEWIS, MERIWETHER (1774-1809)
• LEWIS, SIR GEORGE CORNEWALL, BART

Lewis H . Boutell's See also:

• LIFE

Life of See also:

• ROGER (d. 1139)
• ROGER (d. 1181)

Roger Sherman (See also:

• CHICAGO
• CHICAGO, UNIVERSITY OF

Chicago, 1896), based on material collected by Senator Hoar, is a careful and accurate See also:

• WORK

work . SHERMAN, WILLIAM See also:

• TECUMSEH, TECUMTHE, or TECUMTHA1 (c. 1768—1813)

TECUMSEH (1820–1891), American See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general, was born on the 8th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1820, at See also:

• LANCASTER
• LANCASTER, HOUSE OF
• LANCASTER, JOHN OF GAUNT
• LANCASTER, JOSEPH (1778-1838)
• LANCASTER, SIR JAMES (f1. 1591—1618)
• LANCASTER, THOMAS, EARL OF (c. 1277-1322)

Lancaster, See also:

• OHIO

Ohio . He was descended from Edmond Sherman, who emigrated from See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England to the Massachusetts See also:

• BAY

Bay See also:

• COLONY (Lat. colonia, from colonus, a cultivator)

Colony in 1634 . His father, See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles R . Sherman, a judge of the Supreme Court of Ohio, died suddenly in 1829, leaving his widow with a See also:

• FAMILY

family of See also:

• YOUNG
• YOUNG, A
• YOUNG, ARTHUR (1741-1820)
• YOUNG, BRIGHAM (1801-1877)
• YOUNG, CHARLES MAYNE (1777–1856)
• YOUNG, EDWARD (1683–1765)
• YOUNG, JAMES (1811-1883)
• YOUNG, THOMAS (1773-1829)

young See also:

• CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

children . William was adopted by the Hon .

See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas See also:

• EWING
• EWING, ALEXANDER (1814-1873)
• EWING, THOMAS (1789-1871)

Ewing, a See also:

• CLOSE
• CLOSE (from Lat. clausum, shut)
• CLOSE, MAXWELL HENRY (1822-1903)

close friend of the father, sometime a senator of the United States and a member of the national See also:

• CABINET

cabinet . In 1836 he entered See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

West Point, and on graduating near the head of his class he was appointed second See also:

• LIEUTENANT

lieutenant in the 3rd See also:

• ARTILLERY (the O. Fr. artiller, to equip with engines of war, probably comes from Late Lat. articulum, dim. of ars, art, cf. " engine " from ingenium, or of artus, joint)

artillery See also:

• REGIMENT (from Late Latin regimentum, rule, regere, to rule, govern, direct)

regiment . His first See also:

• FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
• FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
• FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
• FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
• FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
• FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
• FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
• FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
• FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
• FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
• FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)

field service was in See also:

• FLORIDA

Florida against the See also:

• SEMINOLE
• SEMINOLE (properly Simanoli, " renegade," " runaway," in allusion to their secession from the Creek confederacy)

Seminole See also:

• INDIANS, NORTH AMERICAN

Indians . The usual changes of station and detached duty made him acquainted with the See also:

• GEOGRAPHY (Gr. yil, earth, and ypiickty, to write)

geography of all the See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern states, and Sherman improved the opportunity by making topographical studies which proved of no small value to him later . He also employed much of his See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time in the study of law . When the See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war with See also:

• MEXICO
• MEXICO (Span. Mejico, or Mexico,)
• MEXICO, FEDERAL DISTRICT OF
• MEXICO, GULF OF

Mexico began in 1846 he asked for field duty, and was ordered to join an expedition going to See also:

• CALIFORNIA
• CALIFORNIA, LOWER (Baja California)
• CALIFORNIA, UNIVERSITY OF

California by See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea . He was made See also:

• ADJUTANT (from Lat. adjutare, to aid)

adjutant-general to See also:

• COLONEL (derived either from Lat. column, Fr. colonne, column, or Lat. corona, a crown)

Colonel See also:

• MASON, FRANCIS (1799—1874)
• MASON, GEORGE (1725—1792)
• MASON, GEORGE HEMMING (1818–1872)
• MASON, JAMES MURRAY (1798-1871)
• MASON, JOHN (1586-1635)
• MASON, JOHN YOUNG (1799-1859)
• MASON, LOWELL (1792—1872)
• MASON, SIR JOHN (1503–1566)
• MASON, SIR JOSIAH (1795-1881)
• MASON, WILLIAM (1725—1797)

Mason, military governor, and as such was executive officer in the See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration of See also:

• LOCAL

local See also:

• GOVERNMENT
• GOVERNMENT (0. Fr. governement, mod. gouvernement, O. Fr. governer, mod. gouverner, from Lat. gubernare, to steer a ship, guide, rule; cf. Gr. xv(3epvav)

government till See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace came in the autumn of 1848 and the See also:

• PROVINCE
• PROVINCE (Lat. provincia; perhaps a contraction of providentia)

province was ceded to the United States . In 1847 he served on the See also:

• STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff of the general commanding the See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the Pacific . In 185o he married Ellen See also:

• BOYLE
• BOYLE, JOHN J
• BOYLE, ROBERT (1627-1691)

Boyle, daughter of Thomas Ewing, then secretary of the interior . Transferred in the same year to the See also:

• COMMISSARIAT

commissariat See also:

• DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department as a See also:

• CAPTAIN (derived from Lat. ca put, head, through the Low Lat. capitanus)

captain, he resigned three years later and went back to California to conduct at See also:

• SAN

San Francisco a See also:

• BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch of an important St See also:

• LOUIS
• LOUIS (804–876)
• LOUIS (893–911)
• LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
• LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian

Louis banking-house . He continued successfully in the management of this business through a See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial crisis incident to a wildly speculative time, until in the See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring of 1857 the house, by his See also:

• ADVICE (Fr. avis, from Lat. ad, to, and visum, viewed)

advice, withdrew from Californian affairs . Afterwards for a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short time he was engaged in business at New See also:

• YORK
• YORK (HOUSE OF)
• YORK, EDMUND OF LANGLEY, DUKE OF (1341-1402)
• YORK, EDWARD
• YORK, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, DUKE OF (1763-1827)
• YORK, RICHARD, DUKE

York and in 1858 practised law at Leavenworth, See also:

• KANSAS (known as the Sunflower State ")

Kansas .

In 1859, the state of See also:

• LOUISIANA

Louisiana proposing to establish a military college, Sherman was appointed its See also:

• SUPERINTENDENT

superintendent . On the 1st of See also:

• JANUARY

January 186o the " State See also:

• SEMINARY (Lat. seminarium, from semen, seed)

Seminary of Learning and Military See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy " was opened, and here Sherman remained until the spring of 1861, when it was evident that Louisiana would join the states seceding from the See also:

• UNION
• UNION (known locally as Union Hill and officially as Town of Union)

Union . He thereupon resigned the superintendency and returned to St Louis, parting with the governor of the state and his colleagues in the school with regret and mutual esteem . Though his See also:

• BROTHER

brother See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John Sherman was a leader in the party which had elected See also:

• LINCOLN
• LINCOLN, ABRAHAM (1809-1865)
• LINCOLN, EARLS OF

Lincoln, William Sherman was very conservative on the slavery question, and his See also:

• DISTRESS

distress at what he thought an unnecessary rupture between the states was extreme . Yet his devotion to the national constitution was unbounded, and he offered his services as soon as See also:

• VOLUNTEERS

volunteers for the three years' enlistments were called out . On the 14th of May 186, he was appointed colonel of the 13th U.S . See also:

• INFANTRY

Infantry, a new regiment, and was soon assigned to command a See also:

• BRIGADE (Fr. and Ger. brigade, Ital. brigata, Span. brigada; the English use of the word dates from the early 17th century)

brigade in General McDowell's See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army in front of See also:

• WASHINGTON
• WASHINGTON (or WASHINGTON COURT HOUSE)
• WASHINGTON, BOOKER TALIAFERRO (c. 1859– )
• WASHINGTON, BUSHROD (1762-1829)
• WASHINGTON, GEORGE (1732-1799)

Washington . He served with it in the first See also:

• BATTLE

battle of See also:

• BULL
• BULL, GEORGE (1634–1710)
• BULL, JOHN (c. 1562–1628)
• BULL, OLE BORNEMANN (18ro-188o)

Bull Run, on the 21st of July . Promoted brigadier-general of volunteers, Sherman was in See also:

• AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August sent to See also:

• KENTUCKY

Kentucky to serve under General See also:

• ROBERT
• ROBERT (1275—1343)
• ROBERT, HUBERT (1753-1808)
• ROBERT, LOUIS LEOPOLD (1794-1835)

Robert See also:

• ANDERSON
• ANDERSON, ADAM (1692—1765)
• ANDERSON, ALEXANDER (c. 1582-1620?)
• ANDERSON, ELIZABETH GARRETT (1836— )
• ANDERSON, JAMES (1662—1728)
• ANDERSON, JAMES (1739-1808)
• ANDERSON, JOHN (1726-1796)
• ANDERSON, MARY (1859– )
• ANDERSON, RICHARD HENRY (1821–1879)
• ANDERSON, ROBERT (1750–1830)
• ANDERSON, SIR EDMUND (1530-1605)

Anderson . In See also:

• OCTOBER

October he succeeded to the command of the department . On the 26th of October he reported that 200,000 men would be required for the Kentucky See also:

• CAMPAIGN

campaign . He was relieved of his See also:

• POST

post soon afterwards in consequence, but the event justified Sherman's view .

He was soon re-employed in a See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor position, and, at the head of a division of new troops, accompanied See also:

• GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
• GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
• GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
• GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
• GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
• GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
• GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
• GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
• GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
• GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
• GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
• GRANT, U
• GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)

Grant's army to See also:

• PITTSBURG
• PITTSBURG, or PITTSBURGH

Pittsburg Landing . At the battle of See also:

• SHILOH
• SHILOH, BATTLE OF

Shiloh Sherman's gallant conduct gained him promotion to See also:

• MAJOR
• MAJOR (Lat. for " greater ")
• MAJOR (or MAIR), JOHN (1470-1550)

major-general . His appreciation of Grant, and his sympathy with the chagrin he suffered after this battle, cemented the friendship between the two . He took See also:

• PART

part in See also:

• HALLECK
• HALLECK, HENRY WAGER (1815-1872)

Halleck's advance on See also:

• CORINTH
• CORINTH, ISTHMUS OF

Corinth, See also:

• MISSISSIPPI

Mississippi, and at the close of 1862 led the Mississippi See also:

• COLUMN (Lat. columna)

column in the first See also:

• VICKSBURG

Vicksburg campaign . He suffered defeat at See also:

• CHICKASAW

Chickasaw See also:

• BAYOU (pronounced bai-yoo, probably a corruption of Fr. boyau, gut)

Bayou, but the See also:

• CAPTURE (from Lat. capere, to take; Fr. prise maritime; Ger. Wegnahme)

capture of Fort Hindman, near See also:

• ARKANSAS

Arkansas Post, compensated to some extent for the Vicksburg failure . In Grant's final Vicksburg campaign Sherman commanded the XV. See also:

• CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps and the right of the investing See also:

• LINE

line, and after the surrender he was sent to oppose General See also:

• JOHNSTON, ALBERT SIDNEY (1803–1862)
• JOHNSTON, ALEXANDER (1849-1888)
• JOHNSTON, ALEXANDER KEITH (1804-1871)
• JOHNSTON, ARTHUR (1587-1641)
• JOHNSTON, J
• JOHNSTON, JOSEPH EGGLESTON (1807-1891)
• JOHNSTON, SIR HENRY HAMILTON (1858- )

Johnston in the country about See also:

• JACKSON
• JACKSON, ANDREW (1767-1845)
• JACKSON, CYRIL (1746-1819)
• JACKSON, FREDERICK GEORGE (186o– )
• JACKSON, HELEN MARIA (1831–1885)
• JACKSON, MASON (c. 1820-1903)
• JACKSON, THOMAS (1579-1640)
• JACKSON, THOMAS JONATHAN (1824-1863)
• JACKSON, WILLIAM (1730-1803)

Jackson, See also:

• MISS

Miss . In July he was made a brigadier-general in the See also:

• REGULAR

regular army . When, after See also:

• ROSECRANS, WILLIAM STARKE (1819-1898)

Rosecrans's defeat at Chickamauga, Grant was placed in supreme command in the west, Sherman succeeded to the command of the Army of the See also:

• TENNESSEE

Tennessee, with which he took part in the See also:

• GREAT

great battle of See also:

• CHATTANOOGA

Chattanooga (q.v.) . He had already prepared for a further advance by making an expedition into the See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart of Mississippi as far as See also:

• MERIDIAN
• MERIDIAN (from the Lat. meridianus, pertaining to the south or mid-day)

Meridian, destroying See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways and making impracticable, for a See also:

• SEASON (0. Fr. seson, seison, mod. saison, Lat. satio, sowing time, the spring, from serere, to sow; in Late Lat. the word is found with its present meaning, the spring being considered as particularly the season of the year)

season, the See also:

• TRANSFER (from Lat. transferre, to bear across, carry over)

transfer of military operations to that region; and on Grant becoming general-in-See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief (See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1864) he was made See also:

• COMMANDER

commander of the military division of the Mississippi, including his Army of the Tennessee, now under McPherson, the Army of the Cumber-land, under Thomas, and the Army of the Ohio, under See also:

• SCHOFIELD, JOHN

Schofield . Making detachments for garrisons and minor operations in a See also:

• THEATRE (BEarpov, " a place for seeing," from OeacOae)

theatre of war over 500 M. wide, he assembled, near Chattanooga, his three armies, aggregating 1oo,000 men, and began (May 1864) the invasion of See also:

• GEORGIA

Georgia . After a brilliant and famous campaign of careful manoeuvre and heavy combats (see AMERICAN See also:

• CIVIL

CIVIL WAR), Sherman finally wrested See also:

• ATLANTA

Atlanta (q.v.) from the Confederates on the 1st of See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September . His able opponent Johnston had been removed from his command, and See also:

• HOOD,
• HOOD, JOHN BELL (1831–1879)
• HOOD, SAMUEL HOOD, VISCOUNT (1724–1816)
• HOOD, SIR SAMUEL (1762-1814)
• HOOD, THOMAS (1799-1845)
• HOOD, TOM (1835–1874)

Hood, Johnston's successor, began early in October a vigorous See also:

• MOVEMENT

movement designed to carry the war back into Tennessee .

After a devious See also:

• CHASE
• CHASE, SALMON PORTLAND (1808-1873)
• CHASE, SAMUEL (1741–1811)
• CHASE, WILLIAM MERRITT (1849– )

chase of a See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month Hood moved across See also:

• ALABAMA

Alabama to See also:

• NORTHERN

northern Mississippi . Sherman thereupon, leaving behind Thomas and Schofield to See also:

• DEAL

deal with Hood, made the celebrated " March to the Sea " from Atlanta to See also:

• SAVANNAH

Savannah with 6o,000 picked men . After a march of 300 M . Savannah was reached in See also:

• DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December . Railways and material were destroyed, the country cleared of supplies, and the Confederate government severed from its western states . In January 1865 Sherman marched northwards again, once more abandoning his. See also:

• BASE

base, towards See also:

• PETERSBURG

Petersburg, where Grant and See also:

• LEE
• LEE (or LEGIT) ROWLAND (d. 1543)
• LEE, ANN (1736–1784)
• LEE, ARTHUR (1740–1792)
• LEE, FITZHUGH (1835–1905)
• LEE, GEORGE ALEXANDER (1802-1851)
• LEE, HENRY (1756-1818)
• LEE, JAMES PRINCE (1804-1869)
• LEE, NATHANIEL (c. 1653-16g2)
• LEE, RICHARD HENRY (1732-1794)
• LEE, ROBERT EDWARD (1807–1870)
• LEE, SIDNEY (1859– )
• LEE, SOPHIA (1950-1824)
• LEE, STEPHEN DILL (1833-1908)

Lee were waging a war of giants . Every mile of his march northwards through the Carolinas diminished the See also:

• SUPPLY (through Fr. from Lat. supplere, to fill up)

supply region of the enemy, and desperate efforts were made to stop his advance . General Johnston was recalled to active service, and showed his usual skill, but his forces were inadequate . Sherman defeated him and reached See also:

• RALEIGH
• RALEIGH, SIR WALTER (c. 1552-1618)

Raleigh, the See also:

• CAPITAL (i.e. capital stock or fund)
• CAPITAL (Lat. caput, head)

capital of See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

North Carolina, on the 13th of April, having marched nearly 500 M. from Savannah . Lee's position in See also:

• VIRGINIA
• VIRGINIA, or VERGINIA
• VIRGINIA, UNIVERSITY OF

Virginia was now desperate . Hood had been utterly defeated by Thomas and Schofield, and Schofield (moved 2000 M. by land and sea) rejoined Sherman in North Carolina . With go,000 men Sherman drove Johnston before him, and when Lee surrendered to Grant Johnston also gave up the struggle .

There was much See also:

• FRICTION (from Lat. fricare, to rub)

friction between Sherman and the war secretary, See also:

• STANTON, EDWIN
• STANTON, ELIZABETH CADY (1815-1902)

Stanton, before the terms were ratified, but with their See also:

• SIGNATURE (through Fr. from Lat. signature, signare, to sign, signum, mark, token, sign)

signature the Civil War came to an end . Sherman had the See also:

• GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good See also:

• FORTUNE, ROBERT (1813-188o)

fortune to learn the See also:

• ART

art of command by degrees . At Bull Run his brigade was wasted in isolated and disconnected regimental attacks, at Shiloh his division was completely surprised owing to want of precaution; but hisbravery and See also:

• ENERGY (from the Gr. ivipyela; iv, in, ipyov, work)

energy were beyond question, and these qualities carried him gradually to the front at the same time as he acquired skill and experience . When therefore he was entrusted with an See also:

• INDEPENDENT

independent command he was in every way fitted to do himself See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

justice . At the head of a See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred thousand men he showed, besides the large grasp of See also:

• STRATEGY

strategy which planned the Carolinas march, besides the patient skill in manoeuvre which gained ground See also:

• DAY (O. Eng. dreg, Ger. Tag; according to the New English Dictionary, " in no way related to the Lat. dies")
• DAY, JOHN (1574-1640?)
• DAY, THOMAS (1748-1789)

day by day towards Atlanta, the strength of will which sent his men to the hopeless See also:

• ASSAULT (from Lat. ad, to or on, and saltare, to leap)

assault of Kenesaw to See also:

• TEACH [THATCH OR THACH], EDWARD (d. 1718)

teach them that he was not afraid to fight, and cleared Atlanta of its civil See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population in the See also:

• FACE (from Lat. fades, derived either from facere, to make, or from a root fa-, meaning " appear "; cf. Gr. cbatvstv)

face of a hitter popular outcry . Great as were his responsibilities they never strained him beyond his See also:

• POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers . He has every claim to be regarded as one of the greatest generals of See also:

• MODERN

modern history . When Grant became full general in 1866 Sherman was promoted lieutenant-general, and in 1869, when Grant became See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president, he succeeded to the full See also:

• RANK (O.Fr. rant or rent, mod. rang, generally connected with the O.E. and O.H.G. bring, a ring)

rank . General Sherman retired, after being commanding general of the army for fifteen years, in 1884 . He died at New York on the 14th of January 188 1 . An equestrian statue, by See also:

• SAINT (lat. sanctus, " holy ")

Saint Gaudens, was unveiled at New York in 1903, and another at Washington in the same year . Sherman's See also:

• MEMOIRS

Memoirs were published in 1875 (New York) .

See also See also:

• RACHEL (1821-1858)

Rachel Sherman Thorndike, The Sherman Letters (New York, 1894) ; Home Letters of Gen . Sherman (1909), edited by M . A . De See also:

• WOLFE, CHARLES (1791-1823)
• WOLFE, JAMES (1727-1759)

Wolfe See also:

• HOWE
• HOWE, EIJAS (1819 — 1867)
• HOWE, JOHN (1630-17o6)
• HOWE, JOSEPH (1804–1873)
• HOWE, JULIA WARD (1819–1910)
• HOWE, RICHARD HOWE, EARL (1726-1799)
• HOWE, SAMUEL GRIDLEY (1801-1876)
• HOWE, WILLIAM HOWE, 5TH VISCOUNT (1729-1814)

Howe; S . M . Bowman and R . B . Irwin, Sherman and his See also:

• CAMPAIGNS

Campaigns: a Military See also:

• BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

Biography (New York, 1865) ; W . See also:

• FLETCHER, ALICE CUNNINGHAM (1845– )
• FLETCHER, ANDREW
• FLETCHER, GILES (c. 1548-1611)
• FLETCHER, GILES (c. 1584-1623)
• FLETCHER, JOHN WILLIAM (1729-1785)
• FLETCHER, PHINEAS (1582-1650)

Fletcher Johnson, Life of William Tecumseh Sherman (See also:

• PHILADELPHIA

Philadelphia, 1891); See also:

• MANNING, HENRY EDWARD (1808-1892)

Manning F . Force, General Sherman (Great Commanders See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series) (New York,1899) .