SHRUB  . (i) A bushy plant whose See also:

• STEM (O. Eng. staefn, stemn, cf. Du. stain, Ger. Stamm, &c., probably related to " staff ")

stem is woody and branches out thickly from the ground, not attaining sufficient height to be called a See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree; this smallness of See also:

• VERTICAL (from Lat. vertex, highest point)

vertical growth is natural or is effected by cutting and lopping at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage or at stated seasons . The See also:

• TERM

term is loose in application and the See also:

• LINE

line between shrubs, trees and certain woody herbaceous See also:

• PLANTS

plants is not easy to draw . The See also:

• HOLLY (Ilex Aquifolium)

holly, the See also:

• YEW (Taxus baccata)

yew, the See also:

• LAUREL

laurel, if allowed to grow from a single stem, become trees, other plants such as See also:

• RHODODENDRON

rhododendron, syringa, the euonymous are properly shrubs . The word is the same as "scrub," See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low, stunted undergrowth, in O . Eng. scrob; the See also:

• ROOT (late O.E. rot, adopted from Scand., cf. Norw. and Swed. rot, Dan. rod; the true O.E. word was wyrt, plant, represented in Ger. Wurz or Wurzel; the ultimate root is the same in both words, and is seen in Lat. radix)
• ROOT, ELIHU (1845– )

root, which is also seen in "See also:

• SHRIMP

shrimp" and " shrivel," means to See also:

• CONTRACT
• CONTRACT (Lat. contract us, from contrahere, to draw together, to bind)

contract . Many See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place-names contain the word, the most See also:

• FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

familiar being See also:

• SHREWSBURY
• SHREWSBURY, CHARLES TALBOT, DUKE OF (166o-1718)
• SHREWSBURY, DUKE
• SHREWSBURY, EARLS OF
• SHREWSBURY, ELIZABETH TALBOT, COUNTESS OF (1518–16o8)
• SHREWSBURY, JOHN TALBOT, 1ST EARL OF (d. 1453)

Shrewsbury (Scrobbesbyrig) and See also:

• WORMWOOD

Wormwood Scrubs . (2) The name of a drink or cordial, now rarely found except in See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country districts . It is made of See also:

• CURRANT

currant juice boiled with See also:

• WATER

water and See also:

• SUGAR

sugar to which some spirit, usually See also:

• RUM
• RUM (according to Skeat, a corruption of Malay brum or bram; the adjective " rum," i.e. " queer," being a distinct word, in Gipsy rem)

rum, is added . Another See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form of the drink is made of rum, See also:

• ORANGE
• ORANGE (Citrus Aurantium)
• ORANGE, HOUSE OF

orange and See also:

• LEMON
• LEMON, MARK (1809-1870)

lemon juice, See also:

• PEEL
• PEEL, ARTHUR WELLESLEY PEEL, 1ST VISCOUNT (1829- )
• PEEL, SIR ROBERT, BART

peel, sugar and water . The word is an See also:

• ADAPTATION (from Lat. adaptare. to fit to)

adaptation of the Arabic sharb or sharab, beverage, drink, shariba, he drank, and is thus directly related to " See also:

• SHERBET (the Turkish form of the Arabic sharbat, drink, shariba, he drank, cf. " shrub," an English derivative)

sherbet " and " See also:

• SYRUP (0. Fr. ysserop, mod. sirop, Span. xarope, for axarope, Arab. al, the, and sharab, drink; cf. Sherbet " and " Shrub ")

syrup " (q.v.) . SHUFFLE-See also:

• BOARD (O. Eng. bord)

BOARD, or See also:

• SHOVEL (O.E. scoff, from root of scufan, to shove, push, cf. Ger. Schaufel, also Schiippe, scoop)
• SHOVEL, SIR CLOUDESLEY [or CLOWDISLEY SHOVELL as he seems to have spelt the name himself] (c. 1650-1707)

SHOVEL-BOARD (originally "shove-board "), a See also:

• GAME

game in which See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

wood or See also:

• METAL
• METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)

metal disks are " shoved " by the See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand or with an See also:

• IMPLEMENT (Lat. implementum, a filling up, from implere, to fill)

implement so that they shall come to a stop on or within certain lines or compartments marked on the " board "—a table or a See also:

• FLOOR (from O. Eng. flor, a word common to many Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch vloer, and Ger. Flur, a field, in the feminine, and a floor, masculine)

floor .

It was formerly very popular in See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, especially with the See also:

• ARISTOCRACY (Gr. apuvror, best; «paria, government)

aristocracy, under the names shove-See also:

• GROAT (adapted from the Dutch groot, great, thick; cf. Ger. Groschen; the Med. Lat. grossus gives Ital. grosso, Fr. gros, as names for the coin)

groat, slide-groat and shovel-See also:

• PENNY (Mid. Eng. peni or peny, from O. Eng. form penig, earlier penning and pending; the word appears in Ger. Pfennig and Du. penning; it has been connected with Du. pand, Ger. Pfand, and Eng. " pawn,". the word meaning a little pledge or token, or with G
• PENNY, GIANFRANCESCO (1488–1528)

penny, being mentioned as early as the 15th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century . It was a favourite pastime at the See also:

• GREAT

great country houses, some of the boards having been of exquisite workmanship . That at Chartley See also:

• HALL
• HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
• HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
• HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
• HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
• HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
• HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
• HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
• HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
• HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
• HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
• HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
• HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
• HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
• HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
• HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
• HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
• HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)

Hall in See also:

• STAFFORDSHIRE

Staffordshire was over 30 ft. See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long and was made up of 26o pieces . Shuffle-board enjoys considerable See also:

• VOGUE, EUGENE MELCHIOR, COMTE DE (1848- )

vogue in the See also:

• UNITED

United States, the board being from 28 to 30 ft. long and from 18 to 20 in. wide, of See also:

• PINE (Lat. Pinus, Gr. srlrur)

pine, See also:

• POPLAR
• POPLAR (Lat. Populus)

poplar or See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white wood, with a See also:

• GUTTER (O. Fr. goutiere, mod. gouttiere, from Lat. gutta, drop)

gutter 41 in. wide extending entirely See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round the board . The See also:

• SURFACE

surface is slightly sanded and sometimes oiled . About 5 in. from each end of the board is See also:

• DRAWN

drawn a line called the See also:

• DEUCE (a corruption of the Fr. deux, two)

deuce line . Each See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side, whether composed of two or four persons, used four disks of polished See also:

• BRASS
• BRASS (O. Eng. braes)

brass or See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron, generally about 2 in. in See also:

• DIAMETER (from the Cr. &a, through, µErpov, measure)

diameter and in. thick . When two persons See also:

• PLAY

play they shove first from one end of the board and then from the other; but when four play one of each side remains permanently at each end . The disks, four of which are marked A and four B, are shoved alternately by each side . A disk resting between the deuce line and.the end of the board is in and scores two . One protruding over the end sufficiently to be lifted by the See also:

• FINGER

finger is called a See also:

• SHIP

ship and See also:

• COUNTS

counts three . A disk resting on the board but not See also:

• CROSSING

crossing the line counts one .

In scoring only the best of the eight disks counts, unless one side has two that are better than any of their opponents', in which See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case both See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count . The side first scoring 21 points wins . A variety of shuffle-board is very popular as a See also:

• DECK

deck game onboard steamers and yachts . It is played by pushing wooden disks by means of crutch-shaped cues, or shovels, into which the disks See also:

• FIT

fit, so that they come to a stop within the lines of a large rectangle drawn with See also:

• CHALK

chalk on the deck and divided into squares numbered from 1 to ro with an extra square nearest the player, numbered The game is usually 21 points .