See also:

• SHUTTLE (O. Eng. shitel, &c.; from the same word as " shoot ")

SHUTTLE (O. Eng. shitel, &c.; from the same word as " shoot ")  , a See also:

• BOAT (0. Eng. bdt; the true etymological connexion with Dutch and Ger. boot, Fr. bateau, Ital. battello presents great difficulties; Celtic forms are from O. Eng.)

boat-shaped See also:

• IMPLEMENT (Lat. implementum, a filling up, from implere, to fill)

implement used in See also:

• WEAVING

weaving to pass a See also:

• THREAD (0. Eng. praed, literally, that which is twisted, prawan, to twist, to throw, cf. " throwster," a silk-winder, Ger. drehen, to twist, turn, Du. draad, Ger. Draht, thread, wire)

thread of weft to and fro between two lines of warp . The origin of this implement is lost in the mists of a remote antiquity, and yet it was See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long preceded by the See also:

• LOOM

loom . Several See also:

• WALL (O. Eng. weal, weall, Mid. Eng. wal, wane, adapted from Lat. vallum, rampart; the original O. Eng. word for a wall was wag or tenth)
• WALL, RICHARD (1694-1778)

wall paintings at See also:

• THEBES (anciently &Oat, Thebae, or in poetry sometimes Oif3a, in modern Greek Phiva, or, according to the corrected pronunciation, Thivae)
• THEBES (e 3a1)
• THEBES, ROMANCE OF

Thebes depict looms that are apparently provided with a hooked See also:

• ROD (O.E. rodd, probably related to Norw. rudda, stick, rodda, stake)
• ROD, EDOUARD (1857-1910)

rod for See also:

• DRAWING

drawing weft through the warp, but with such a See also:

• DEVICE

device either two weft threads would be simultaneously placed in one See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the warp, or the selvages would be imperfect . Since neither of these conditions obtain in the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient See also:

• EGYPTIAN

Egyptian fabrics that have been recovered, it may be concluded that some other See also:

• PLAN
• PLAN (from Lat. planes, flat)

plan was also adopted . Netting needles have been found in Egyptian tombs, and as these would be more suitable for weaving than a hooked rod, it is conceivable they were so employed . Or a See also:

• SPINNING (from O. Eng. spinnen, to spin, cf. Ger. spinnen, &c., the Teut. root is seen, to draw out, cf. span, spider)

spinning spindle charged with weft might be conveyed through the :warp, as was customary, at a much later See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, with See also:

• GREEK
• GREEK, ETRUSCAN AND

Greek, See also:

• ROMAN

Roman and other weavers . So long as a See also:

• SHUTTLE (O. Eng. shitel, &c.; from the same word as " shoot ")

shuttle was thrown from See also:

• HAND
• HAND (a word common to Teutonic languages; cf. Ger. Hand, Goth. handus)
• HAND, FERDINAND GOTTHELF (1786-185r)

hand to hand, the breadth of See also:

• CLOTH

cloth which one See also:

• WEAVER, JAMES BAIRD (1833- )

weaver could produce was limited to his ability to reach from selvage to selvage of the piece . But from 1733, when See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

John See also:

• KAY, JOHN (1742-1826)
• KAY, JOSEPH (1821-1878)

Kay invented the " See also:

• FLY (formed on the root of the supposed original Tent. fleugan, to fly)

fly shuttle," these implements have been made straight, and propelled mechanically, also, to secure See also:

• LIGHT

light See also:

• RUNNING

running, they have been mounted upon rollers which project slightly on the under See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side . Shuttles are now made in various forms and sizes from See also:

• BOX
• BOX (Gr. irl or, Lat. buxus, box-wood; cf. 2r6Eir, a pyx)

box, and other hard-grained, smooth See also:

• WOODS, LEONARD (1774-1854)
• WOODS, SIR ALBERT (1816-1904)

woods, as well as from vulcanized fibre and metals . For See also:

• SILK

silk weaving by hand, they are approximately 12 in. long by 1 in. square in See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section, and weigh about 3 oz.; those for See also:

• CALICO

calico weaving by See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power, are about 121 in. long, 11 in. wide, 14 in. deep, and weigh about 91 oz.; they are also provided with conical See also:

• STEEL, FLORA ANNIE (1847– )

steel tips which abut upon See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short coiled springs let into the shuttle . The construction, fixing and See also:

• CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control of shuttle See also:

• TONGUES, GIFT OF, or GLOSSOLALIA (yXwova, tongue, aXeiv, speak)

tongues , that hold the weft, together with numerous devices for putting the thread under an elastic tension, have formed the subjects for many See also:

• PATENTS

patents . The tongues intended to hold cops are split to See also:

• FORM (Lat. forma)

form a See also:

• SPRING (from " to spring," " to leap or jump up," " burst out," O. Eng., springau, a common Teut. word, cf. Ger. springer, possibly allied to Gr. QnrFpxecOac, to move rapidly)

spring whose strength suffices to See also:

• FIX, THEODORE (180o-1846)

fix the cop in position while the thread is See also:

• DRAWN

drawn from the See also:

• OUTER

outer end through a See also:

• PORCELAIN

porcelain See also:

• EYE
• EYE (O. Eng. edge, Ger. Auge; derived from an Indo-European root also seen in Lat. oc-ulus, the organ of vision (q.v.)

eye in the shuttle front, the tension being regulated by deflection .

The small shuttles employed to weave See also:

• RIBBONS

ribbons, and other narrow goods, are bowed in front, recessed to hold a spool of weft, and have an eye fixed at the centre of the See also:

• BOW (pronounced " bo ")

bow for the thread to pass through as it unrolls . These shuttles are formed into sets, which correspond with the number of fabrics to be manufactured simultaneously and may be placed on one level, or in tiers; in either event, all in one See also:

• HORIZONTAL

horizontal See also:

• PLANE

plane are moved to and fro together across different webs, by means of racks and pinions; for a See also:

• RACK

rack is inserted lengthwise in each shuttle, and by engaging the racks with intermittently driven pinions, the shuttles receive their requisite movements .