SIR

See also:

• FREDERICK
• FREDERICK (Mod. Ger. Friedrich; Ital. Federigo; Fr. Frederic and Federic; M.H.G. Friderich; O.H.G. Fridurih, " king or lord of peace," from O.H.G. fridu, A.S. frith, " peace," and rfh " rich," " a ruler," for derivation of which see HENRY)

FREDERICK

See also:

• PEEL
• PEEL, ARTHUR WELLESLEY PEEL, 1ST VISCOUNT (1829- )
• PEEL, SIR ROBERT, BART

PEEL (1823—1906)  , the prime minister's second son, was educated at Harrow and at Trinity College, Cambridge, becoming a barrister in 1849 . He entered parliament in that year, and with the exception of the period between 1857 and 1859 he remained in the House of Commons until 1865 . In 1851—1852 and again in 1853—1855 he was under-secretary for the colonies; from 1855 to 1857 he was under-secretary for war; and from 1859 to r865 he was secretary to the treasury . He became a privy councillor in 1857 and was knighted in 1869 . Sir Frederick Peel's chief service to the state was in connexion with the railway and canal commission . He was appointed a commissioner on the inception of this body in 1873, and was its president until its reconstruction in 1888, remaining a member of the commission until his death on the 6th of June 1906 . The third son was SIR WILLIAM PEEL (1824—1858), and the youngest VISCOUNT PEEL (q.v.) . Sir William was a sailor, who distinguished himself in the Crimea, where he gained the Victoria Cross, and also during the Indian Mutiny, being wounded at the relief of Lucknow . He died on the 27th of April 1858 . Sir William wrote A Ride through the Nubian Desert (1852), giving an account of his travels in 1851 . Two of Sir Robert Peel's brothers were also politicians of note . WILLIAM YATES PEEL (1789—1858), educated at Harrow and at St John's College, Cambridge, was a member of parliament from 1817 to 1837, and again from 1847 to 1852; he was under-secretary for home affairs in 1828, and was a lord of the treasury in 1830 and again in 1834—1835 .

JONATHAN PEEL (1799—1879) was first a soldier and then a member of parliament during the long period between 1826 and 1868, first representing Norwich and then Huntingdon . From 1841 to 1846 he was surveyor-general of the ordnance, and in 1858–1859 and again in 1866—1867 he was a very competent and successful secretary of state for war . General Peel was also an owner of racehorses, and in 1844 his horse Orlando won the Derby, after another horse, Running Rein, had been disqualified . For the history of the Peel family see Jane Haworth, A Memoir of the Family of Peel from the year i6go (1836) .