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SIS (anc. Sision or Siskia, later Fla...

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Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 158 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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SIS (anc. Sision or Siskia, later Flaviopolis or Flavias)  , the chief
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town of the Khozan sanjak of the
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Adana vilayet of
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Asiatic
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Turkey, situated on the
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left
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bank of the Kirkgen Su, a tributary of the Jihun (Pyramus) and at the south end of a
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group of passes leading from the Anti-Taurus valleys to the Cilician plain and Adana . It was besieged by the
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Arabs in 704 but relieved by the Byzantines . The
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Caliph, Motawakkil took it and refortified it; but it soon returned to
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Byzantine hands . It was rebuilt in 1186 by Leo II., king of Lesser Armenia, who made it his capital . In 1394 it was taken and demolished by the sultan of
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Egypt, and it has never recovered its prosperity . It is now only a big
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village of some 3000 inhabitants . It has had, however, a
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great place in Armenian ecclesiastical
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history from the times of St Gregory the Illuminator to our own . Gregory himself was there consecrated the first Catholicus in A.D . 267, but transferred his see to Vagarshabad (Echmiadzin, Etchmiadzin), whence, after the fall of the Arsacids, it passed to Tovin . After the constitution of the
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kingdom of Lesser Armenia, the catholicate returned to Sis (1294), the capital, and remained there 150 years . In 1441, Sis having fallen from its high estate, the Armenian clergy proposed to remove the see, and on the refusal of the actual Catholicus, Gregory IX., installed a
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rival at Echmiadzin, who, as soon as
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Selim I. had conquered Greater Armenia, became the more widely accepted of the two by the Armenian church in the
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Ottoman
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empire . The Catholicus of Sis maintained himself nevertheless, and was supported in his pretensions by the Porte up to the
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middle of the 19th century, when the patriarch Nerses, declaring finally for Echmiadzin, carried the government with him .

In 1885 Sis tried to declare Echmiadzin schismatic, and in 1895 its clergy took it on themselves to elect a Catholicus without reference to the patriarch; but the Porte annulled the

election, and only allowed it six years later on Sis renouncing its pretensions to independence . The
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present Catholicus has the right to prepare the sacred
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myron (oil) and to preside over a synod, but is in fact not more than a metropolitan, and regarded by many Armenians as schismatic . The lofty castle and the monastery and church built by Leo II., and containing the coronation chair of the kings of Lesser Armenia, are interesting . (D . G .

End of Article: SIS (anc. Sision or Siskia, later Flaviopolis or Flavias)
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