Online Encyclopedia

EDMUND KIRBY SMITH (1824-1893)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V25, Page 260 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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EDMUND KIRBY SMITH (1824-1893)  , Confederate general in the
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American
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Civil War, was the son of Joseph Lee Smith (1776—1846), an American lawyer and soldier, who served with credit in the War of 1812 and rose to the rank of colonel U.S.A . His elder
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brother,
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Ephraim Kirby Smith (1807—1847), also a soldier, fell at Molino del Rey; and Joseph Lee Kirby Smith, Ephraim's son, who took the Federal side in the Civil War, was mortally wounded at the
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battle of Corinth, having at the age of twenty-six attained the rank of brevet-colonel U.S.A . Edmund Kirby Smith was born at St Augustine, Fla., on the 16th of May 1824, and graduated at West Point in 1845, being assigned to the
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infantry . In the Mexican War he was breveted first
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lieutenant, and captain for gallantry at Vera Cruz and Cerro Gordo and at Contreras-Churubusco . He was assistant professor of mathematics at West Point from 1849 to 1852 and was later engaged in
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Indian warfare on the
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Texas frontier . In 1861 he attained the rank of major . When
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Florida seceded he resigned his army commission and entered the Confederate service as a lieutenant-colonel . He was made a brigadier-general on the 17th of
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June 1861, and was wounded at the battle of Bull Run (q.v.) . In command of the Confederate forces in the Cumber-
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land
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Gap region Kirby Smith took
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part in General Bragg's invasion of
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Kentucky in the autumn of 1862, and inflicted upon the Federal forces a severe defeat at Richmond, Ky., on the 3oth of August; and was
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present at the battles of
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Perryville and
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Murfreesboro (Stone
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River) . From
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February 1863 to the fall of the Confederacy he was in command of the trans-
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Mississippi department, and was successful in making this section of the Confederacy (isolated from, the rest by the fall of
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Vicksburg) self-supporting .

End of Article: EDMUND KIRBY SMITH (1824-1893)
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