See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

HENRY See also:

• JOHN
• JOHN (1167–1216)
• JOHN (1290-c. 1320)
• JOHN (1296-1346)
• JOHN (1371–1419)
• JOHN (1468-1532)
• JOHN (1801-1873)
• JOHN (Heb. llni')
• JOHN (ZAPOLYA) (1487-1540)
• JOHN, 4TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (c. 1695-1762)
• JOHN, DON (1545-1578)
• JOHN, DON (1629–1679)
• JOHN, GOSPEL OF ST
• JOHN, or HAYS (1513–1571)
• JOHN, THE APOSTLE
• JOHN, THE EPISTLES OF

JOHN See also:

• STEPHEN
• STEPHEN (1097?-1154)
• STEPHEN (ISTVAN) BATHORY (1533-1586)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES (1789-1859)
• STEPHEN, SIR JAMES FITZJAMES, BART
• STEPHEN, SIR LESLIE (1832-1904)

STEPHEN See also:

• SMITH
• SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
• SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
• SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
• SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
• SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
• SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
• SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
• SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
• SMITH, G
• SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
• SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
• SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
• SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
• SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
• SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
• HENRY JOHN STEPHEN SMITH (1826-1883)
• SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
• SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
• SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
• SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
• SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
• SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
• SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
• SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
• SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
• SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
• SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
• SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
• SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
• SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)

SMITH (1826-1883)  , See also:

• ENGLISH

English mathematician, was See also:

• BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born in See also:

• DUBLIN

Dublin on the 2nd of See also:

• NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November 1826, and was the See also:

• FOURTH

fourth See also:

• CHILD
• CHILD, FRANCIS JAMES (1825-1896)
• CHILD, L
• CHILD, LYDIA MARIA (1802-1880)
• CHILD, SIR FRANCIS (1642-1713)
• CHILD, SIR JOHN (d. 1690)
• CHILD, SIR JOSIAH (163o - 1699)

child of his parents . When See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry See also:

• SMITH
• SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
• SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
• SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
• SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
• SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
• SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
• SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
• SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
• SMITH, G
• SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
• SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
• SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
• SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
• SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
• SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
• SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
• SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
• SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
• SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
• SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
• SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
• SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
• SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
• SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
• SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
• SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
• SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
• SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
• SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
• SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
• SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
• SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
• SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)

Smith was just two years old his See also:

• FATHER

father died, whereupon his See also:

• MOTHER

mother See also:

• LEFT

left See also:

• IRELAND
• IRELAND, CHURCH
• IRELAND, CHURCH OF
• IRELAND, JOHN (1761-1842)
• IRELAND, JOHN (1838- )
• IRELAND, WILLIAM HENRY (1777-1835)

Ireland for See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England . After being privately educated by his mother and tutors, he entered See also:

• RUGBY

Rugby school in 1841 . Whilst under the first of these tutors, in nine months he read all See also:

• THUCYDIDES (OovavMns)

Thucydides, See also:

• SOPHOCLES (495-406 B.c.)

Sophocles and See also:

• SALLUST [Gams SALLUSTIUS CRlspus] (86–34 B.c.)

Sallust, twelve books of See also:

• TACITUS, CORNELIUS (c. 55-120)
• TACITUS, MARCUS CLAUDIUS

Tacitus, the greater See also:

• PART

part of See also:

• HORACE [QuINTus HORATIUS FLACCUS] (65-8 B.C.)

Horace, See also:

• JUVENAL (DECIMUS JUNIUS JUVENALIS) (c. 60-140)

Juvenal, See also:

• PERSIUS

Persius, and several plays of See also:

• AESCHYLUS (525–456 B.c.)

Aeschylus and See also:

• EURIPIDES (48o–4o6 B.C.)

Euripides . He also studied the first six books of See also:

• EUCLID
• EUCLID [EucLEIDES]

Euclid and some See also:

• ALGEBRA (from the Arab. al-jebr wa'l-mugabala, transposition and removal [of terms of an equation], the name of a treatise by Mahommed ben Musa al-Khwarizmi)

algebra, besides See also:

• READING

reading a considerable quantity of See also:

• HEBREW

Hebrew and learning the Odes of Horace by See also:

• HEART
• HEART, LUNG

heart, On the See also:

• DEATH

death of his See also:

• ELDER (0. Eng. ellarn; Ger. Holunder; Fr. sureau)
• ELDER (Gr. 1rpev(3iTepos)

elder See also:

• BROTHER

brother in See also:

• SEPTEMBER (Lat. septem, seven)

September 1843 Henry Smith left Rugby, and at the end of 1844 gained a scholarship at Balliol See also:

• COLLEGE (Collegium)

College, See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford . He won the Ireland scholarship in 1848 and obtained a first class in both the classical and the mathematical See also:

• SCHOOLS

schools in 1849 . He gained the See also:

• SENIOR, NASSAU WILLIAM (1790-1864)

senior mathematical scholarship in 1851 . He was elected See also:

• FELLOW

fellow of Balliol in 1850 and Savilian See also:

• PROFESSOR (the Latin noun formed from the verb profiteri, to declare publicly, to acknowledge, profess)

professor of See also:

• GEOMETRY

geometry in 1861, and in 1874 was appointed keeper of the university museum . He was elected F.R.S. in 1861, and was an LL.D. of See also:

• CAMBRIDGE
• CAMBRIDGE, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• CAMBRIDGE, RICHARD OWEN (1717-1802)

Cambridge and Dublin . He served on various royal commissions, and from 1877 was the chairman of the managing See also:

• BODY

body of the meteorological See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office . He died at Oxford on the 9th of See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1883 . After taking his degree he wavered between See also:

• CLASSICS

classics and See also:

• MATHEMATICS (Gr. /saBnµar1Kil, Sc. vOcvn or E7rlQTt'µn; from p iN.La, "learning" or "science ")

mathematics, but finally See also:

• CHOSE (Fr. for " thing ")

chose the latter .

After See also:

• PUBLISHING

publishing a few See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short papers See also:

• RELATING

relating to theory of See also:

• NUMBERS, BOOK OF
• NUMBERS, PARTITION OF

numbers and to geometry, he devoted himself to a thorough examination of the writings of K . F . See also:

• GAUSS, KARL FRIEDRICH (1777-1855)

Gauss, P . G . See also:

• LEJEUNE, LOUIS FRANCOIS, BARON (1776-1848)

Lejeune-Dirichlet, E . E . Kummer, &c., on, the theory of numbers . The See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main results of these researches, which occupied him from 1854 to 1864, are contained in his See also:

• REPORT (O.Fr. report or raport, modern rapport, from O.Fr. reporter, mod. rap porter, Lat. reportare, to bring back, in poetical use only, of bringing back an account, news, &c.)

Report on the Theory of Numbers, which appeared in the See also:

• BRITISH

British Association volumes from 1859 to 1865 . This report contains not only a See also:

• COMPLETE

complete See also:

• ACCOUNT
• ACCOUNT (through O. Fr. acont, Late Lat. comptum, cornputare, to calculate)

account of all that had been done on this vast and intricate subject but also See also:

• ORIGINAL

original contributions of his own . Some of the most important results of his discoveries were communicated to the Royal Society in two See also:

• MEMOIRS

memoirs upon " Systems of Linear Indeterminate Equations and Congruences" and upon the " Orders and Genera of Ternary Quadratic Forms " (Phil . Trans., 1861 and 1867): He did not, however, confine himself to the See also:

• CONSIDERATION (from Lat. considerare, to look at closely, examine, generally taken to be from con-, and the base seen in sidus, sideris, a star, the word being supposed to be originally an astrological or astronomical term)

consideration of forms involving only three indeterminates, but succeeded in establishing the principles on which the See also:

• EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension to the See also:

• GENERAL
• GENERAL (Lat. generalis, of or relating to a genus, kind or class)

general See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of n indeterminates depends, and obtained the general formulae, thus effecting what is probably the greatest advance made in the subject since the publication of Gauss's Disquisitiones arithmeticae . A brief abstract of Smith's methods and results appeared in the Proc .

See also:

• ROY, WILLIAM (1726-1790)

Roy . See also:

• SOC

Soc. for 1864 and 1868 . In the second of these notices he gives the general formulae without demonstrations . As corollaries to the general formulae he adds the formulae relating to the See also:

• REPRESENTATION

representation of a number as a sum of five squares and also of seven squares . This class of representation ceases when the number of squares exceeds eight . The cases of two, four and six squares had been given by K . G . J . See also:

• JACOBI, FRIEDRICH HEINRICH (1743-1819)
• JACOBI, JOHANN GEORG (1740-1814)
• JACOBI, KARL GUSTAV JACOB (1804-1851)

Jacobi and that of three squares by F . G . Eisenstein, who had also given without demonstration some of the results for five squares . Fourteen years later the See also:

• ACADEMIC

Academic Fran9aise, in See also:

• IGNORANCE (Lat. ignorantia, from ignorare, not to know); want of knowledge, a state of mind which in law has important consequences. A well-known legal maxim runs: ignorantia juris non excusat ("ignorance of the law does not excuse")

ignorance of Smith's See also:

• WORK

work, set the demonstration and completion of Eisenstein's theorems for five squares as the :abject of their " See also:

• GRAND

Grand Prix See also:

• DES

des Sciences Mathematiques." Smith, 3t' the See also:

• REQUEST, LETTERS OF

request of a member of the See also:

• COMMISSION (from Lat. commissio, committere)

commission by which the See also:

• PRIZE, or PRIZE OF WAR (Fr. prise, from prendre, to take)

prize was proposed, undertook in 1882 to write out the demonstration of his general theorems so far as was required to prove the results for the See also:

• SPECIAL

special case of five squares .

A See also:

• MONTH
• MONTH (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maand, Dan. maaned, &c., and cognate with Lat. mensis, Gr. µi7v, &c., in other branches of the Indo-Germanic family; all ultimately from the root seen in the word for the moon in nearly all those languages

month after his death, in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March 1883, the prize of 3000 francs was awarded to him . The fact that a question of which Smith had given the See also:

• SOLUTION (from Lat. solvere, to loosen, dissolve)

solution in 1867, as a corollary from general formulae governing the whole class of investigations to which it belonged, should have been set by the Academie as the subject of their See also:

• GREAT

great prize shows how far in advance of his contemporaries his See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early researches had carried him . Many of the propositions contained in his dissertation are general; but the demonstrations are not supplied for the case of seven squares . He was also the author of important papers in which he extended to complex quadratic forms, many of Gauss's investigations relating to real quadratic forms . After '864 he devoted himself chiefly to elliptic functions, and numerous papers on this subject were published by him in the Proc . Lond . Math . Soc. and elsewhere . At the See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time of his death he was engaged upon a memoir on the Theta and Omega Functions,, which he left nearly complete . In 1868 he was awarded the See also:

• STEINER, JAKOB (1796-1863)

Steiner prize of the See also:

• BERLIN
• BERLIN, CONGRESS AND TREATY OF
• BERLIN, ISAIAH (1725–1799)

Berlin See also:

• ACADEMY, GREEK
• ACADEMY, ROYAL

Academy for a geometrical memoir, Sur quelques problemes cubiques et biquadratiques . He also wrote the introduction to the collected edition of See also:

• CLIFFORD
• CLIFFORD, JOHN (1836- )
• CLIFFORD, WILLIAM KINGDON (1845-1879)

Clifford's Mathematical Papers (1882) . The three subjects to which Smith's writings relate are theory of numbers, elliptic functions and See also:

• MODERN

modern geometry; but in all that he wrote an " arithmetical " mode of thought is apparent, his methods and processes being arithmetical as distinguished from algebraic., He had the most intense admiration of Gauss .

He was See also:

• PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president of the mathematical and See also:

• PHYSICAL

physical See also:

• SECTION
• SECTION (Lat. sectio, cutting, secare, to cut)

section of the British Association at See also:

• BRADFORD
• BRADFORD, JOHN (1510?—1555)
• BRADFORD, WILLIAM (1590—1657)
• BRADFORD, WILLIAM (1663—1752)
• BRADFORD, WILLIAM (1827—1892)

Bradford in 1873 and of the See also:

• LONDON

London Mathematical Society in 1874-1876 . His Collected Papers were edited by J . W . L . See also:

• GLAISHER, JAMES (1809-1903)

Glaisher and published in 1894 . An See also:

• ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article in the Spectator of the 17th of February 1883, by See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

Lord See also:

• JUSTICE (Lat. justitia)

Justice See also:

• BOWEN, CHARLES SYNGE CHRISTOPHER BOWEN, BARON (1835—1894)
• BOWEN, FRANCIS (1811—1890)
• BOWEN, SIR GEORGE FERGUSON (1821—1849)

Bowen, gives perhaps the best See also:

• IDEA (Gr. Ibia, connected with i&eiv, to see; cf. Lat. species from specere, to look at)

idea of Smith's extraordinary See also:

• PERSONAL

personal qualities and See also:

• INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence . See also J . W . L . Glaisher's memoir in the Monthly Notices of the Roy . See also:

• AST, GEORG ANTON FRIEDRICH (1778-1841)

Ast . Soc .

(vol. xliv., 1884) .