SOMERSETSHIRE  , a See also:

• SOUTH
• SOUTH, ROBERT (1634–1716)

south-western See also:

• COUNTY (through Norm. Fr. comae, cf. O. Fr. cunte, conk', Mod. Fr. comae, from Lat. comitatus, cf. Ital. comitato, Prov. comtat; see COUNT)

county of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, bounded N. and N.W. by the See also:

• BRISTOL
• BRISTOL, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF
• BRISTOL, GEORGE DIGBY, 2ND EARL OF1 (1612-1677)
• BRISTOL, JOHN DIGBY, 1ST EARL OF 6 (1580-1653)

Bristol Channel, N. and N.E. by See also:

• GLOUCESTERSHIRE

Gloucestershire, N.E. and E. by See also:

• WILTSHIRE [WILTS]

Wiltshire, S.E. by See also:

• DORSETSHIRE (DORSET)

Dorsetshire, S.W. and W. by See also:

• DEVONSHIRE (DEvoN)
• DEVONSHIRE, EARLS AND DUKES OF

Devonshire . The See also:

• AREA

area is 1630.3 sq. m . In shape the county resembles an See also:

• ILL

ill-See also:

• DRAWN

drawn See also:

• CRESCENT (Lat. crescens, growing)

crescent, curving inward where See also:

• BRIDGWATER

Bridgwater See also:

• BAY

Bay bends south-See also:

• WEST
• WEST, BENJAMIN (1738-1820)
• WEST, NICHOLAS (1461-1533)

west and broader at its eastern than at its western See also:

• HORN
• HORN (a common Teutonic word, cognate with Lat. cornu; cf. Gr. Kipas)
• HORN (Lat. cornu; corresponding terms being Fr. cor, trompe; Ger. Horn; Ital. corno)
• HORN, ARVID BERNHARD, COUNT (1664-1742)
• HORN, PHILIP DE MONTMORENCY, COUNT

horn . It falls into three natural divisions, being in fact a broad alluvial See also:

• PLAIN (O. Fr. plain, from Lat. plenum)

plain bordered by two See also:

• HILL
• HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
• HILL, A
• HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
• HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
• HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
• HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
• HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
• HILL, JAMES J
• HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
• HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
• HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
• HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
• HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)

hill-regions . The Mendip range, breaking off from the high ground near Wiltshire, extends See also:

• NORTH
• NORTH, BARONS
• NORTH, MARIANNE (1830—1890)
• NORTH, ROGER (1653-1734)
• NORTH, SIR THOMAS (1535?-16o1?)

north-west towards the channel, where it ends with Brean Down; while the See also:

• ISLAND (O.E. ieg =isle, +land')

island of Steep Holm stands as an outpost between the heights of See also:

• SOMERSET, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SOMERSET, EDMUND BEAUFORT, DUKE OF (c. 1404–1455)
• SOMERSET, EDWARD SEYMOUR, DUKE OF (c. 1506–1552)
• SOMERSET, LORD ROBERT EDWARD HENRY (1776-1842)
• SOMERSET, ROBERT CARR (or KER), EARL OF (e. 1590-1645)

Somerset and Glamorgan . The See also:

• SUMMIT

summit of the Mendips is a See also:

• LONG, GEORGE (1800-1879)
• LONG, JOHN DAVIS (1838– )

long table-See also:

• LAND

land, reaching an extreme height, towards the western end, of ro68 ft. in See also:

• BLACK
• BLACK, ADAM (1784-1874)
• BLACK, JEREMIAH SULLIVAN (1810–1883)
• BLACK, WILLIAM (1841-1898)

Black Down, sloping away gently towards the See also:

• LOWER

lower hills of the north, but rising on the south in an abrupt See also:

• LINE

line, broken by many coombes or glens; the most striking of which are the cliffs of Ebbor Rocks, near See also:

• WELLS
• WELLS, CHARLES JEREMIAH (1798?–1879)
• WELLS, DAVID AMES (1828—1898)
• WELLS, HERBERT GEORGE (1866— )
• WELLS, SIR THOMAS SPENCER, 1ST BART

Wells, and the See also:

• GORGE

gorge of See also:

• CHEDDAR

Cheddar (q.v.), which winds for nearly a mile between huge and fantastic rocks . South of the Mendips lies a broad plain watered by the Parrett and the Brue, and known generally as Sedgemoor, but with different names in different parts . This plain, intersected by ditches known as, rhines, and in some parts See also:

• RICH, BARNABE (c. 1540-1617)
• RICH, CLAUDIUS JAMES (1787-1821)
• RICH, JOHN (1692-1761)
• RICH, PENELOPE, LADY (c. 1562–1607)
• RICH, RICHARD, 1ST BARON RICH (1490?-1567)

rich in See also:

• PEAT (possibly connected with Med. Lat. petia, pecia, piece, ultimately of Celtic origin; cf. O. Celt. pet, O. Ir. pit, Welsh peth, portion)

peat, is broken by isolated hills and lower ridges, of which the most conspicuous are Brent Knoll near Burnham, the Isle of See also:

• AVALON (also written AVALLON, AVOLLON, AVILION and AVELION)

Avalon, rising with See also:

• GLASTONBURY

Glastonbury Tor as its highest point, and the long See also:

• LOW, SETH (1850- )
• LOW, WILL HICOK (1853- )

low See also:

• RIDGE (a word. common to many Teutonic languages, meaning " back," whether of a man or an animal, cf. German Rucke)
• RIDGE, WILLIAM PETT (1864- )

ridge of Polden ending to the west in a steep See also:

• BLUFF (a word of uncertain origin; possibly connected with an obsolete Dutch word, blaf, broad)

bluff . West of Sedgemoor the second See also:

• GREAT

great region of hills extends from Devonshire to the See also:

• SEA (in O. Eng. sae, a common Teutonic word; cf. Ger. See, Dutch Zee, &c.; the ultimate source is uncertain)
• SEA, COMMAND OF THE

sea . It consists of the Black Down, Brendon and Quantock hills, with Exmoor See also:

• FOREST

Forest (q.v.) in the extreme west . This entire See also:

• DISTRICT

district is famous for the grandeur of its See also:

• BARE

bare and desolate See also:

• MOORS (Lat. Mauri; Gr. Mavpot, dark men)
• MOORS, KABYLES, MZABITES

moors, and the bold outlines and height of its mountains; the See also:

• CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of which are Dunkery, in Exmoor (1707 ft.); Lype Hill, the westernmost point of the Brendon range (1391 ft.); and Will's See also:

• NECK (O. Eng. hnecca; the word appears in many Teutonic languages; cf. Dutch ride, Ger. Nacken; in O. E. the common word was heals; cf. Ger. Hals)

Neck, among the Quantocks (1261 ft.) . The two See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

• RIVERS
• RIVERS, ANTHONY WOODVILLE, or WYDEVILLE, 2ND EARL (c. 1442—1483)
• RIVERS, EARL
• RIVERS, RICHARD SAVAGE, 4TH EARL (c. 1660—1712)

rivers of Somerset are the See also:

• AVON

Avon and the Parrett .

The Avon, after forming for a See also:

• SHORT, FRANCIS JOB (1857– )

short distance the boundary with Wiltshire, crosses the north-eastern corner of the county, encircling See also:

• BATH
• BATH, THOMAS THYNNE
• BATH, WILLIAM

Bath, and forms the boundary with Gloucestershire till it reaches the sea 6 m. beyond Bristol . It is navigable for See also:

• BARGES

barges as far as Bath . The Parrett from South Perrott in See also:

• DORSET, EARLS, MARQUESSES AND DUKES OF

Dorset, on the See also:

• BORDERS, THE

borders of Somerset, crosses the centre of the county north-westwards by Bridgwater, receiving the Yeo and See also:

• CARY, ALICE (1820-1871)
• CARY, ANNIE LOUISE (1842- )
• CARY, HENRY FRANCIS (1772-1844)

Cary on the right, and the Isle and See also:

• TONE, THEOBALD WOLFE (1763-1798)

Tone on the See also:

• LEFT

left . Among other streams are the See also:

• AXE (0. Eng. aex; a word common, in different forms, in the Teutonic languages, and akin to the Greek 41v17; the New English Dictionary prefers the spelling " ax ")

Axe, which rises at Wookey Hole in the Mendips and flows north-westward along their See also:

• BASE

base to the Bristol Channel near Blackrock; the Brue, which rises to the See also:

• EAST
• EAST, ALFRED (1849- )

east of Bruton, near the borders of Wiltshire, and enters the Bristol Channel near the mouth of the Parrett; and the Exe (with its tributary the Barle), which rises in Exmoor forest and passes southward into See also:

• DEVON, EARLS OF

Devon . Some of the Somersetshire streams, especially the Exe and Barle, are in high favour with See also:

• TROUT (Salmo trutta)

trout fishermen . See also:

• WESTON, THOMAS (1737-1776)

Weston-super-See also:

• MARE

Mare is a flourishing seaside resort, and See also:

• MINEHEAD

Minehead and other See also:

• COAST (from Lat. costa, a rib, side)

coast villages are also frequented . See also:

• GEOLOGY (from Gr. yp7, the earth, and Abyor, science)

Geology.—The See also:

• OLDEST

oldest formation in the county is the Devonian, Branches leave the See also:

• MAIN (from the Aryan root which appears in " may " and " might," and Lat. magnus, great)
• MAIN (Lat. Moenus)

main line for Portishead, See also:

• CLEVEDON

Clevedon and Minehead which extends eastwards from Devonshire across Exmoor to the Brendon and Quantock hills, and consists of sandstones, slates and limestones of marine origin . The Old Red See also:

• SANDSTONE

Sandstone, the supposed estuarine or lacustrine See also:

• EQUIVALENT

equivalent of the Devonian, is a See also:

• SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

series of red sandstones, marls and conglomerates, which rise as an anticline in the Mendips (where they contain volcanic rocks), and also appear in the Avon gorge and at Portishead . The Carboniferous See also:

• LIMESTONE

Limestone, of marine origin, is well displayed in the Mendip See also:

• COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country (Cheddar Cliffs, &c.) and in the Avon gorge; at Westonsuper-Mare it contains volcanic rocks . The See also:

• COAL

Coal See also:

• MEASURES

Measures of the Radstock district (largely concealed by Trias and newer rocks) consist of two series of coal-bearing sandstones and shales separated by the See also:

• PENNANT, THOMAS (1726-1798)

Pennant Sandstone; locally the beds have been intensely folded and faulted, as at Vobster . Indeed, all the formations hitherto mentioned were folded into anticlines and synclines before the deposition of the Triassic rocks . These consist of red marls, sandstones, breccias and conglomerates, which spread irregularly over the edges of the older rocks; the so-called Dolomitic See also:

• CON

Con-glomerate is an old See also:

• SHINGLE

shingle-See also:

• BEACH

beach of Triassic (See also:

• KEUPER

Keuper See also:

• MARL (from O. Fr. marle, Late Lat. margila, dim. of marga; cf. Du. and Ger. Mergel)

Marl) See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age .

The See also:

• RHAETIC (Fr. Rhetien or Rhcetien; Ger. Rhdt or Rhktisch; It. Retico)

Rhaetic beds are full of fossils and See also:

• MARK
• MARK, CARL (1858– )
• MARK, GOSPEL OF ST
• MARK, ST

mark the first invasion of the district by the See also:

• WATERS, TERRITORIAL

waters of the See also:

• JURASSIC

Jurassic sea . The See also:

• LIAS

Lias consists of See also:

• CLAYS, PAUL JEAN (1819-1900)

clays and limestones; the latter are quarried and are famous for their See also:

• AMMONITES

ammonites and reptilian remains . Above the Lias comes the Lower or Bath Oolite Series (Inferior Oolite See also:

• GROUP

group, See also:

• FULLER, ANDREW (1954-1815)
• FULLER, GEORGE (1822—1884)
• FULLER, M
• FULLER, MARGARET, MARCHIONESS
• FULLER, MELVILLE WESTON (1833-1910)
• FULLER, THOMAS (16o8-1661)
• FULLER, WILLIAM (1670--c. 1717)

Fuller's See also:

• EARTH
• EARTH (a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Erde, Dutch aarde, Swed. and Dan. jord; outside Teutonic it appears only in the Gr. 'pq'e, on the ground; it has been connected by some etymologists with the Aryan root ar-, to plough, which is seen in
• EARTH, FIGURE OF
• EARTH, FIGURE OF THE

Earth and Great Oolite group), chiefly clays and oolitic limestone; the famous Bath See also:

• STONE
• STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
• STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
• STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
• STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
• STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
• STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
• STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
• STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)

Stone is got from the Great Oolite . The See also:

• OXFORD
• OXFORD, EARLS OF
• OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
• OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
• OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
• OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
• OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST

Oxford See also:

• CLAY (from O. Eng. claeg, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Klei)
• CLAY, CASSIUS MARCELLUS (1810-1903)
• CLAY, CHARLES (1801–1893)
• CLAY, FREDERIC (1838–1889)
• CLAY, HENRY (1777–1852)

Clay is the chief member of the See also:

• MIDDLE

Middle or Oxford Oolite Series . Above these follow the Upper Cretaceous rocks, including the See also:

• GAULT

Gault, Upper See also:

• GREENSAND

Greensand and See also:

• CHALK

Chalk, which extend into the county from Wiltshire near See also:

• FROME

Frome and from Dorset near See also:

• CHARD
• CHARD, JOHN ROUSE MERRIOTT (1847-1897)

Chard . There are apparently no true glacial deposits . Low-lying alluvial flats and peat-bogs occupy much of the See also:

• SURFACE

surface west of Glastonbury . Caves in the Carboniferous Limestone (e.g . Wookey Hole, near Wells) have yielded See also:

• PLEISTOCENE

Pleistocene See also:

• MAMMALIA (from Lat. mamma, a teat or breast)

mammalia and See also:

• PALAEOLITHIC (Gr. iraXates, old, and )tWBor, stone)

palaeolithic implements . The thermal waters of Bath (I2o° F.) are rich in See also:

• CALCIUM [symbol Ca, atomic weight 40.0 (o= x6)]

calcium and See also:

• SODIUM [symbol Na, from Lat. natrium; atomic weight 23.00 (0=16)]

sodium sulphates, &c . The chief minerals are coal, freestone and limestone, and ores of See also:

• LEAD
• LEAD (pronounced iced)

lead, See also:

• ZINC

zinc and See also:

• IRON [symbol Fe, atomic weight 55.85 (0=16)]

iron . See also:

• AGRICULTURE
• AGRICULTURE (from Lat. ages, field, and colere, to cultivate)
• AGRICULTURE, BOARD OF

Agriculture.—The See also:

• CLIMATE

climate partakes of the mildness of the south-western counties generally .

A high proportion, exceeding four-fifths of the See also:

• TOTAL

total area of the county, is under cultivation . In a county where See also:

• CATTLE (Norman Fr. catel, from Late Lat. capitale, wealth or property, a word applied in the feudal system to movable property and particularly to live stock, and surviving in its wider meaning as " chattel " or " chattle ")

cattle-feeding and See also:

• DAIRY

dairy-farming are the principal branches of husbandry, a very large area is naturally devoted to pasture; and there are large tracts of rich meadow land along the rivers, where many of the Devonshire farmers See also:

• PLACE (through Fr. from Lat. platea, street; Gr. IrAar6s, wide)

place their herds to graze . Floods, however, are See also:

• COMMON

common, and the Somerset Drainage See also:

• ACT (Lat. actus, actum)

Act was passed by See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament on the I ith of See also:

• JUNE

June 1877, providing for the See also:

• APPOINTMENT, POWER OF

appointment of commissioners to take measures for the drainage of lands in the valleys of the Parrett, Isle, Yeo, Brue, Axe, Cary and Tone . See also:

• CHEESE (Lat. caseus)

Cheese is made in various parts, notably the famous Cheddar Cheese, which is made in the farms lying south of the Mendips . See also:

• SHEEP
• SHEEP (from the Anglo-Saxon sceap, a word common in various forms to Teutonic languages; e.g. the German Schaf)

Sheep-farming is practised both in the lowlands and on hill pastures, Leicesters and Southdowns being the favourite breeds . In the Vale of See also:

• TAUNTON
• TAUNTON, HENRY LABOUCHERE, BARON (1798–1869)

Taunton heavy crops of See also:

• WHEAT
• WHEAT (Triticum)

wheat are raised; this See also:

• GRAIN (derived through the French from Lat. granum, seed, from an Aryan root meaning " to wear down," which also appears in the common Teutonic word " corn ")

grain, See also:

• BARLEY (Hordeum sativum)

barley and oats being raised on about equal areas . Turnips, swedes and mangolds occupy most of the area under See also:

• GREEN, A
• GREEN, ALEXANDER HENRY (1832—1896)
• GREEN, DUFF (1791—1875)
• GREEN, JOHN RICHARD (1837—1883)
• GREEN, MATTHEW (1696-1737)
• GREEN, THOMAS HILL (1836-1882)
• GREEN, VALENTINE (1739–1813)
• GREEN, WILLIAM HENRY (.1825–1900)

green crops . Somerset ranks after Devon and See also:

• HEREFORD

Hereford in the extent of its See also:

• APPLE (a common Teut. word, A.S. aepl, aeppel, O.H.G. aphul, aphal, apfal, mod. Ger. Apfel)

apple orchards, and the See also:

• CIDER (q.v.)
• CIDER, or CYDER (from the Fr. cidre, derived from the Lat. sicera or cisera, Gr. mucepa, Heb. shade, strong drink)

cider made from these apples forms the common drink of the peasantry, besides being largely exported . See also:

• WILD, JONATHAN (c. 1682-1725)

Wild See also:

• DEER (O. E. rigor, dfor, a common Teutonic word, meaning a wild animal, cf. Ger. Tier, Du. dier, &c., probably from a root dhus-, to breathe)
• DEER, CHINESE

deer are still found on Exmoor, where there is a See also:

• PECULIAR

peculiar breed of ponies, See also:

• HARDY, ALEXANDRE (1569?-1631)
• HARDY, SIR THOMAS DUFFUS (1804-1878)
• HARDY, SIR THOMAS MASTERMAN
• HARDY, THOMAS (1840- )

hardy and small . The Bristol Channel and Bridgwater Bay abound in See also:

• WHITE
• WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
• WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
• WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
• WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
• WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
• WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
• WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
• WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
• WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
• WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
• WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
• WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)

white- and See also:

• SHELL
• SHELL (O. Eng. scell, scyll, cf. Du. sceel, shell, Goth. skalja, tile; the word means originally a thin flake,. cf. Swed. skalja, to peel off; it is allied to " scale " and " skill," from a root meaning to cleave, divide, separate)

shell-See also:

• FISH (O. Eng. fist, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dutch visch, Ger. Fisch, Goth. fisks, cognate with the Lat. piscis)
• FISH, HAMILTON (1808-1893)

fish; See also:

• SALMON
• SALMON, GEORGE (1819-1904)

salmon and See also:

• HERRING (Clupea harengus, Haring in German, le hareng in French, sill in Swedish)

herring are also caught, the principal fishing stations being Porlock, Minehead and Watchet . Other See also:

• INDUSTRIES

Industries.—Coal, from the Mendips, and freestone, largely quarried near Bath, are the chief See also:

• MINERAL

mineral products of Somerset, although See also:

• BROWN
• BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
• BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
• BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
• BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
• BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
• BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
• BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
• BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
• BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
• BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
• BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
• BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
• BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
• BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
• BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
• BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
• BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
• BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
• BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
• BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
• BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
• BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)

brown ironstone, zinc, limestone and small quantities of See also:

• SLATE (properly CLAY SLATE; in M. Eng. slat or sclat, from O. Fr. esclat, a small piece of wood used as a tile; esclater, to break into pieces, whence modern Fr. eclat, the root being seen also in Ger. schleissen, to split)

slate, See also:

• GRAVEL, or PEBBLE BEDS

gravel, See also:

• SAND
• SAND, GEORGE (1804-1876)

sand, sulphate of strontia, See also:

• GYPSUM

gypsum, ochre . Fuller's earth, marl, See also:

• CEMENT (from Lat. caementum, rough pieces of stone, a shortened form of caedimentum, from caedere, to cut)

cement, See also:

• COPPER (symbol Cu, atomic weight 63.1, H=1, or 63.6, O = 16)

copper and See also:

• MANGANESE (symbol Mn; atomic weight, 54.93 (0=16)], a metallic chemical element. Its dioxide (pyrolusite)

manganese are also found .

Lead See also:

• MINING

mining is carried on near See also:

• WELLINGTON
• WELLINGTON, ARTHUR WELLESLEY, 1ST DUKE OF (1769-1852)

Wellington, and lead washing in the Mendips; but these industries, like the working of spathose iron ore among the Brendon hills, are on the wane . The chief manufactures are those of woollen and worsted goods, made in a large number of towns; See also:

• SILK

silk made at Frome, Taunton and Shepton See also:

• MALLET (or MALLOCH), DAVID (?17o5–1765)
• MALLET, PAUL HENRI (173o–18o7)

Mallet; gloves at See also:

• YEOVIL

Yeovil, Stoke, Martock and Taunton; See also:

• LACE (corresponding to Ital. merletto, trina; Genoese Pizzo; Ger. spitzen; Fr. dentelle; Dutch kanten; Span. encaje; the English word owes something to the Fr. lassis or laces, but both are connected with the earlier Lat. laqueus; early French laces were

lace at Chard; See also:

• LINEN

linen and See also:

• SAILCLOTH

sailcloth at See also:

• CREWKERNE

Crewkerne; horsehair goods at Bruton, See also:

• CASTLE
• CASTLE (Lat. castellum, a fort, diminutive of castra, a camp; Fr. chateau and chdtel)

Castle Cary and Crewkerne; See also:

• CRAPE (an anglicized version of the Fr. crepe)

crape at Dulverton and Shepton Mallet . See also:

• TOBACCO

Tobacco, See also:

• SNUFF (from " to snuff, " i.e. to inhale, to draw in through the nose; cf. Dutch snuf, scent, Ger. Schnupfen, a cold, catarrh, and Eng. " snuffle, " " sniff, " &c.)

snuff and See also:

• SPIRITS

spirits are also manufactured; and there are large See also:

• POTTERIES, THE

potteries at Bridgwater, where the celebrated bath-See also:

• BRICK (derived according to some etymologists from the Teutonic bricke, a disk or plate; but more authoritatively, through the French brique, originally a " broken piece," applied especially to bread, and so to clay, from the Teutonic brikan, to break)

brick is made, and at Weston-super-Mare; See also:

• CARRIAGE

carriage See also:

• WORKS

works at Bath and Bridgwater; .See also:

• ENGINEERING

engineering and See also:

• MACHINE
• MACHINE (through Fr. from Lat. form machina of Gr. µnxavil)

machine-works also at Bridgwater . On the Avon, copper and iron are smelted, while several other rivers provide See also:

• POWER [WILLIAM GRATTAN] TYRONE (1797-1841)

power for See also:

• COTTON
• COTTON (Fr. coton; from Arab. qutun)
• COTTON, CHARLES (163o–1687)
• COTTON, GEORGE EDWARD LYNCH (1813–1866)
• COTTON, JOHN (1585–1652)
• COTTON, SIR ROBERT BRUCE

cotton, worsted and See also:

• PAPER
• PAPER (Fr. papier, from Lat. papyrus)

paper See also:

• MILLS, JOHN (d. 1736)
• MILLS, ROGER QUARLES (1832– )

mills . The bulk of the export See also:

• TRADE (O. Eng. trod, footstep, from tredan, to tread; in M. Eng. the forms teed, trod and trade appear, the last in the sense of a beaten track)
• TRADE, BOARD OF

trade passes through Bristol, which is situated mainly in Gloucestershire, though it has large docks on the Somerset See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the Avon, and others at Portishead . Communication.—Somerset is well furnished with See also:

• RAILWAYS

railways . The Great Western runs between Frome, Radstock, Bath and Bristol, and from Bristol it curves south-west through Weston and Bridgwater to Taunton, dividing there and passing on into Devon.on the north, and for See also:

• WITHAM

Witham Friary via Wells, Yeovil via See also:

• LANGPORT

Langport, and Chard via Ilminster on the south . The South-Western main line from See also:

• LONDON

London passes through the south-west of Somerset, See also:

• RUNNING

running from Templecombe to See also:

• AXMINSTER

Axminster in Devon, and the Somerset and Dorset runs from Bath to Shepton Mallet via Radstock . The Kennet and Avon See also:

• CANAL
• CANAL (from Lat. canalis, " channel " and " kennel " being doublets of the word)

Canal flows from See also:

• BRADFORD
• BRADFORD, JOHN (1510?—1555)
• BRADFORD, WILLIAM (1590—1657)
• BRADFORD, WILLIAM (1663—1752)
• BRADFORD, WILLIAM (1827—1892)

Bradford in Wiltshire to Bath, and there joins the Avon, See also:

• MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)

meeting on its way the two branches of the Somersetshire Coal Canal which flow from Paulton and Radstock . The Taunton and Bridgwater Canal flows into the See also:

• RIVER

River Parrett . See also:

• POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

Population and See also:

• ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

Administration.—The area of the See also:

• ANCIENT
• ANCIENT (also spelt ANTIENT; derived, through the Fr. ancien, old, from the late Lat. antianum, from ante, before)

ancient county is 1,043,409 acres, with a population in 1891 of 484,337, and in 1901 of 508,256 . The area of the administrative county is 1,037,484 acres .

The county contains 40 hundreds and two liberties . The municipal boroughs are—Bath, a See also:

• CITY (through Fr. cite, from Lat. civitas)

city and county See also:

• BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
• BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)

borough (pop . 49,839), Bridgwater (15,209), Chard (4437), Glastonbury (4(316), Taunton (21,087), Wells, a city (4849), Yeovil (9861) . The See also:

• URBAN
• URBAN (Urbanus)

urban districts are—Burnham (2897), Clevedon (5900), Crewkerne (4226), Frome (iI,o57), Highbridge (2233), Ilminster (2287), Midsomer See also:

• NORTON, CAROLINE ELIZABETH SARAH (18o8–1877)
• NORTON, CHARLES BOWYER ADDERLEY, 1ST BARON (1814–1905)
• NORTON, CHARLES ELIOT (1827-1908)
• NORTON, THOMAS (1532–1584)

Norton (5809), Minehead (1511), Portishead ('2544), Radstock (3355), Shepton Mallet (5238), See also:

• STREET
• STREET, GEORGE EDMUND (1824-1881)

Street (4018), Watchet (i88o), Wellington (7283), Westonsuper-Mare (19,845), Wive'liscombe (1417) . Among other towns may be mentioned Bruton (1788), Castle Cary (1902), Cheddar (1975), Keynsham (3512) and Wincanton (1892) . The county is in the western See also:

• CIRCUIT (Lat. circuitus, from circum, round, and ire, to go)

circuit, and assizes are held at Taunton and Wells . It has one See also:

• COURT
• COURT (from the O. Fr. court, Late Lat. cortis, curtis, a popular form of class. Lat. cohors, gen. cohortis; the mod. Fr. form tour is due to the influence of the Lat. curia, the word used in medieval documents to translate " court " in the feudal sense)
• COURT, ANTOINE (1696-176o)

court of See also:

• QUARTER (through Fr. from Lat. quartarius, fourth part)

quarter session's, and is divided into 22 See also:

• PETTY, SIR WILLIAM (1623-1687)

petty sessional divisions . The boroughs of Bath and Bridgwater have See also:

• SEPARATE

separate courts of quarter sessions and commissions of the See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace, and those of Taunton, Wells and Yeovil have separate commissions of the peace . The total number of See also:

• CIVIL

civil parishes is 485 . Somerset is in the See also:

• DIOCESE (formed on Fr. diocese, in place of the Eng. form diocess—current until the 19th century—from Lat. dioecesis, med. Lat. variant diocesis, from Gr. Swucio•tc, " house-keeping," " administration," &miceas, " to keep house," " to govern ")

diocese of Bath and Wells, excepting small parts in the dioceses of Bristol and See also:

• SALISBURY
• SALISBURY, EARLS OF
• SALISBURY, ROBERT ARTHUR TALBOT GASCOYNECECIL, 3RD MARQUESS OF (1830-1903)
• SALISBURY, ROBERT CECIL, 1ST EARL OF (c. 1565-1612)
• SALISBURY, THOMAS DE MONTACUTE, 4TH EARL OF (1388-1428)
• SALISBURY, WILLIAM LONGSWORD (or LONGESPEE), EARL OF (d. 1226)

Salisbury; it contains 508 ecclesiastical parishes or districts, wholly or in See also:

• PART

part . There are seven See also:

• PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary divisions—See also:

• NORTHERN

Northern, Wells, Frome, Eastern, See also:

• SOUTHERN

Southern, Bridgwater and Western or Wellington, each returning one member; while the parliamentary borough of Bath returns two members, and that of Taunton one member; and the county includes the greater part of the southern See also:

• DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the parliamentary borough of Bristol . See also:

• HISTORY

History.—In the 6th See also:

• CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century Somerset was the debatable borderland between the Welsh and See also:

• SAXONS

Saxons, the latter of whom pushed their way slowly westward, fighting battles yearly and raising fortifications at important points to secure their conquered lands .

Their frontier was gradually advanced from the Axe to the Parrett, and from the Parrett to the Tamar, Taunton being a border fort at one See also:

• STAGE (Fr. 6/age; from Lat. stare, to stand)

stage and See also:

• EXETER
• EXETER, EARL, MARQUESS AND DUKE OF

Exeter at another . By 658 Somerset had been conquered by the West Saxons as far as the Parrett, and there followed a struggle between the kingdoms of Wessex and See also:

• MERCIA

Mercia, decided by a great victory of See also:

• INE

Ine in 710, which led to the organization of the lands east of the Parrett as part of the See also:

• KINGDOM

kingdom of Wessex . There were still occasional inroads by the Welsh, Taunton Castle being captured in 721, but from the 8th century the West Saxon See also:

• KINGS, FIRST AND SECOND BOOKS OF

kings were rulers of what is now known as Somersetshire . About this See also:

• TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
• TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
• TIME, STANDARD

time the bishopric of Wells was founded, and the monastery of Glastonbury restored by Ine . The next See also:

• HUNDRED

hundred and fifty years were the See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period of Danish invasions . Egbert, See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king of Wessex, became See also:

• BRETWALDA

Bretwalda or overlord of all England in 827, and under him Wessex with the other frontier kingdoms was organized for See also:

• DEFENCE
• DEFENCE (Lat. defendere, to defend)

defence against the Danes, and later the See also:

• ASSESSMENT, (from Lat. assessare, to sit beside, to judge)

assessment of See also:

• DANEGELD

danegeld led to the sub-division of Wessex for See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial and military purposes, which crystallized into the divisions of hundreds and tithings, probably with the See also:

• SYSTEM

system of assessment by hidation . King See also:

• ALFRED

Alfred's victory in 878, followed by the Peace of See also:

• WEDMORE, FREDERICK (1844— )

Wedmore, ended the incursions of the Danes for a time, but a hundred years later they were again a great danger, and made frequent raids on the west coast of Somerset . At some time before the See also:

• CONQUEST

Conquest, at a date usually given as 1or6, though See also:

• EVIDENCE (Lat. evidentia, evideri, to appear clearly)

evidence points to a much earlier and more See also:

• GRADUAL (Med. Lat. gradualis, of or belonging to steps or degrees; gradus, step)

gradual See also:

• ESTABLISHMENT (0. Fr. establissement, Fr. etablissement, late Norm. Fr. establishement, from O. Fr. establir, Fr. etablir, Lat. stabilire, to make stable)

establishment, England was divided into shires, one of which was Somerset, and tradition gives the name of the first See also:

• EARL

earl as Hun, who was followed by Earnulf and Sweyn, son of See also:

• GODWIN, FRANCIS (1562-1633)
• GODWIN, MARY WOLLSTONECRAFT (1759-1797)
• GODWIN, WILLIAM

Godwin . There has been curiously little variation in the territory included in the county, from the date of the Gheld See also:

• INQUEST (O. Fr. enqueste, modern enqueete, from Lat.inquisitum, inquirere, to inquire)

Inquest Glastonbury; See also:

• EASTON

Easton and Amrill and See also:

• HAMPTON
• HAMPTON, WADE (1818-1902)

Hampton and Claverton, in 1084 to the second See also:

• HALF

half of the 19th century, when certain See also:

• MINOR
• MINOR (Lat. for smaller, lesser)
• MINOR, ROBERT CRANNELL (1839-1904)

minor alterations were made in the county boundary . These have been practically the only changes in the county boundary for 900 years, if we except the exclusion of Bristol from the county See also:

• JURISDICTION
• JURISDICTION, CRIMINAL LAW, DIVORCE

jurisdiction in 1373 . At the Conquest Somerset was divided into about 700 fiefs held almost entirely by the See also:

• NORMANS

Normans . The king's lands in Somerset were of great extent and importance, and consisted in addition to the ancient See also:

• DEMESNE (DEMESNE, DEMAIN, DOMAIN, &c.)

demesne of the See also:

• CROWN

Crown of the lands of Godwin and Earl Harold and the estates of See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen Edith who died in 1074 .

The See also:

• BISHOP (A.S. bisceop, from Lat. episcopus, Gr. irio-Korros, " overlooker " or " overseer ")
• BISHOP, ISABELLA (1832-1904)
• BISHOP, SIR HENRY ROWLEY (1786-1855)

bishop of See also:

• WINCHESTER
• WINCHESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Winchester owned a vast See also:

• PROPERTY

property of which Taunton was the centre, and about one-tenth of the county was included in the estates of the bishop of See also:

• COUTANCES
• COUTANCES, WALTER OF (d. 1207)

Coutances, which were akin to a See also:

• LAY

lay See also:

• BARONY

barony and did not descend as a whole at the bishop's See also:

• DEATH

death . The churches of Glastonbury, See also:

• ATHELNEY

Athelney and Muchelney still owned vast lands, but See also:

• NORMAN
• NORMAN, SIR HENRY WYLIE (1826-1904)

Norman spoliation had deprived them of much that they had held before the Conquest . Among the great lay tenants who divided the conquered lands were the See also:

• COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)

count of See also:

• MORTAIN

Mortain (the Conqueror's half-See also:

• BROTHER

brother), See also:

• ROGER (d. 1139)
• ROGER (d. 1181)

Roger de Corcelles, See also:

• WALTER, HUBERT (d. 1205)
• WALTER, JOHN (1738/9-1812)

Walter de See also:

• DOUAI

Douai, Roger See also:

• ARUNDEL
• ARUNDEL, EARLDOM OF
• ARUNDEL, EARLS OF
• ARUNDEL, THOMAS (1353-1414)

Arundel and See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William de See also:

• MOHUN, CHARLES MOHUN
• MOHUN, MICHAEL (c. 1625-1684)

Mohun . About this time or a little later many Norman castles were built, some of which have survived . The castles at Richmont (near West Harptree), Nunney, Farleigh, Bridgwater, Stoke Courcy, Taunton and See also:

• DUNSTER

Dunster were probably the most important . Somerset was very rich in boroughs at the time of Domesday, which points to a considerable development of trade before the Conquest; Bath, Taunton, See also:

• ILCHESTER

Ilchester, Frome, Milborne See also:

• PORT

Port, Bruton, Langport and Axbridge were all boroughs in 1087, and there was the See also:

• NUCLEUS (Lat. for the kernal of a nut, nux, the stone of fruit)

nucleus of a borough at Yeovil . Somerton, Ilchester and Taunton were successively the meeting-places of the See also:

• SHIRE

shire court . There were See also:

• JOINT (through Fr. from Lat. junctum, jungere, to join)

joint sheriffs for Somerset and Dorset until 1566 when a separate See also:

• SHERIFF

sheriff for each county was appointed . In the 7th century Somerset, as part of the kingdom of Wessex, was included in the diocese of Winchester . The new bishopric of See also:

• SHERBORNE

Sherborne, founded in 704, contained Somerset until 910 when the see was divided into the dioceses of Salisbury, Exeter and Wells, the latter including the whole county of Somerset . The diocese was divided into three archdeaconries, Bath with two deaneries, Wells with seven and Taunton with four . Disputes between the chapters of Bath and Wells as to the See also:

• ELECTION
• ELECTION (from Lat. eligere, to pick out)

election of the bishop led to a See also:

• COMPROMISE (pronounced compromize; through Fr. from Lat. compromittere)

compromise in 1245, the election being by the chapters jointly, and the see being known as the bishopric of Bath and Wells .

There has always been a strongly marked division of the county into East and West Somerset, a relic of the struggles between the Welsh and Saxons, which was recognized for parliamentary purposes by the act of 1832 . Somerset contained 37 hundreds in to87, and now contains 41 . There have been considerable modifications of these hundredal divisions by See also:

• AGGREGATION (from the Lat. ad, to, gregare, to collect together)

aggregation or subdivision, but since the 15th century there has been little See also:

• CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change . The meeting-place of the hundred courts was at the See also:

• VILLAGE

village or See also:

• TOWN

town which gave its name to the hundred in the cases of Bruton, Cannington, Carhampton, Chew, Chewton, Crewkerne, Frome, Glaston Twelve Hides, Huntspili, Kilmersdon, Kingsbury East, Milverton, North See also:

• CURRY

Curry, North Petherton, Norton Ferris, Pitney, Portbury, Somerton, South Petherton, Taunton, Tintinhull, Wellow, Wells See also:

• FORUM (Lat. from foris, " out of doors ")

Forum and Winterstoke . The hundred of Abdick and Bulstone met at See also:

• ILFORD [GREAT ILFORD]

Ilford See also:

• BRIDGES
• BRIDGES, ROBERT (1844– )

Bridges in Stocklinch Magdalen, Andersfield hundred court was held at the See also:

• HAMLET

hamlet of Andersfield in the See also:

• PARISH (Gr. irapouda, district, neighbourhood; 7r&poucos, one dwelling near or beside, from crap&, OtKOS, house; Lat. paroecur, Late Lat. parochia; cf. Fr. paroisse)

parish of Goathurst, Bath Forum hundred met at Wedcombe, Bempstone at a huge stone in the parish of Allerton, Brent and Wrington at South Brent, Catsash at an ash See also:

• TREE (0. Eng. treo, treow, cf. Dan. tree, Swed. Odd, tree, trd, timber; allied forms are found in Russ. drevo, Gr. opus, oak, and 36pv, spear, Welsh derw, Irish darog, oak, and Skr. dare, wood)
• TREE, SIR HERBERT BEERBOHM (1853- )

tree on the road between Castle Cary and Yeovil, Hartcliffe and Bedminster at a lofty cliff between the parishes of See also:

• BARROW
• BARROW (from A.S. beorh, a mount or hillock)
• BARROW, ISAAC (1630-1677)
• BARROW, SIR JOHN (1764-1848)

Barrow Gurnes and Winford, Horethorne or Horethorne Down near Milborne Port, Whitstone at a hill of the same name near Shepton Mallet, Williton and Freemanors in the village of Williton in the parish of St Decumans, and Whitley at Whitley See also:

• WOOD, ANTHONY A2 (1632-1695)
• WOOD, JOHN GEORGE (1827—1889)
• WOOD, MRS HENRY [ELLEN] (1814—1887)
• WOOD, SEARLES VALENTINE (1798—188o)

Wood in See also:

• WALTON, BRIAN (1600-1661)
• WALTON, IZAAK (1593-1683)

Walton parish . In the See also:

• CASE
• CASE, JOHN (d. 1600)

case of Kingsbury the meeting-place of the hundred is not known . The great liberties of the county were Cranmore, Wells and See also:

• LEIGH
• LEIGH, EDWARD (1602–1671)

Leigh, which belonged to the See also:

• ABBEY (Lat. abbatia; from Syr. abba, father)
• ABBEY, EDWIN AUSTIN (1852– )

abbey of which were the liberties of the abbey of Bath; See also:

• HINTON, JAMES (1822–1875)

Hinton and Norton, which belonged to the Carthusian priory of Hinton; Witham Priory, a See also:

• LIBERTY (Lat. libertas, from liber, free)

liberty of the See also:

• HOUSE
• HOUSE (O. Eng. hiss, a word common to Teutonic languages, cf. Dut. huis, Ger. Haus; in Gothic it is only found in gudhiss, a temple; it may be ultimately connected with the root of " hide," conceal)

house of that name; and Williton Freemanor, which belonged for a time to the Knights See also:

• TEMPLARS

Templars . The chief families of the county in the middle ages were those of De Mohun, See also:

• MALET, LUCAS

Malet, Revel, De Courcy, Montacute, See also:

• BEAUCHAMP
• BEAUCHAMP, ALPHONSE DE

Beauchamp and See also:

• BEAUFORT
• BEAUFORT, FRANCOIS DE VENDOME
• BEAUFORT, HENRY (c. 1377–1447)
• BEAUFORT, LOUIS DE (d. 1795)

Beaufort, which See also:

• BORE

bore the titles of earls or See also:

• DUKES
• DUKES, LEOPOLD (1810-1891)

dukes of Somerset from 1396 to 1472 . See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• SEYMOUR
• SEYMOUR, HORATIO (1810-1886)
• SEYMOUR, or ST MAUR
• SEYMOUR, THOMAS

Seymour was made See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Somerset in 1547, and in 166o the See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title was restored to the Seymour See also:

• FAMILY

family, by whom it is still held . The See also:

• MARQUESS (1760-1842)
• MARQUESS, or MARQUIS (Fr. marquis, Ital. marchese; from med. Lat. marchio, marchisus, i.e. comes marchiae, " count of the March ")

marquess of Bath is the representative of the Thynne family, which has long been settled in the county, and the predecessors of the earl of See also:

• LOVELACE, RICHARD (1618-1658)

Lovelace have owned land in Somerset for three centuries . Hinton St See also:

• GEORGE
• GEORGE, 8TH MARQUESS OF TWEEDDALE (1787-1876)
• GEORGE, HENRY (1839—1897)
• GEORGE, LAKE
• GEORGE, SAINT (d. 303)

George has been the seat of the Poulet family since the 16th century . The De Mohun family were succeeded in the 14th century by the Luttrells, who own great estates See also:

• ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round Dunster Castle .

The families of See also:

• HOOD,
• HOOD, JOHN BELL (1831–1879)
• HOOD, SAMUEL HOOD, VISCOUNT (1724–1816)
• HOOD, SIR SAMUEL (1762-1814)
• HOOD, THOMAS (1799-1845)
• HOOD, TOM (1835–1874)

Hood, See also:

• WYNDHAM, SIR CHARLES (1837— )
• WYNDHAM, SIR WILLIAM, BART

Wyndham, See also:

• ACLAND, CHRISTIAN HENRIETTA CAROLINE (1750-1815)
• ACLAND, SIR HENRY WENTWORTH, BART

Acland, See also:

• STRACHEY, SIR JOHN (1823—1907)
• STRACHEY, SIR RICHARD (1817-1908)

Strachey, Brokeley, Portman, See also:

• HOBHOUSE, ARTHUR HOEHOUSE

Hobhouse and Trevelyan have been settled in Somerset since the 16th century . Somerset was too distant and isolated to take much See also:

• SHARE (O. Eng. scearu, chiefly in compounds, e.g. land-scearu, a share of land, from sceran to cut; cf. " shear" )

share in the See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early baronial rebellions or the See also:

• WARS

Wars of the See also:

• ROSES, WARS OF THE

Roses, and was really without See also:

• POLITICAL

political history until the end of the middle ages . The See also:

• ATTEMPT (Lat