See also:

• EARL

EARL OF See also:

• SOUTHAMPTON
• EARL OF SOUTHAMPTON
• SOUTHAMPTON, HENRY WRIOTHESLEY, 3RD EARL OF (1J73—1624)

SOUTHAMPTON  , an See also:

• ENGLISH

English See also:

• TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title See also:

• BORNE, KARL LUDWIG (1786–1837)

borne by the families of See also:

• FITZWILLIAM, SIR WILLIAM (1526-1599)
• FITZWILLIAM, WILLIAM WENTWORTH FITZWILLIAM, 2ND EARL (1748-1833)

Fitzwilliam and Wriothesley . In 1537 See also:

• SIR

Sir See also:

• WILLIAM
• WILLIAM (1143-1214)
• WILLIAM (1227-1256)
• WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
• WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
• WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
• WILLIAM, 13TH

William Fitzwilliam (c . 1490-1542), See also:

• LORD
• LORD (O. Eng. hldford, i.e. hldfweard, the warder or keeper of bread, hlIf, loaf; the word is not represented in any other Teutonic language)
• LORD, JOHN (1810-1894)

lord high See also:

• ADMIRAL

admiral of See also:

• ENGLAND
• ENGLAND, THE CHURCH OF

England, was created See also:

• EARL

earl of See also:

• SOUTHAMPTON
• SOUTHAMPTON, EARL OF
• SOUTHAMPTON, HENRY WRIOTHESLEY, 3RD EARL OF (1J73—1624)

Southampton . A son of Sir William Fitzwilliam of Aldwarke, near See also:

• ROTHERHAM
• ROTHERHAM, THOMAS (1423-1500)

Rotherham, Fitzwilliam was a See also:

• COMPANION (through the O. Fr. compaignon or compagnon, from the Late Lat. companio,—cum, with, and panis, bread,—one who shares meals with another; the word has been wrongly derived from the Late Lat. compagnus, one of the same pages or district)

companion in boyhood of See also:

• HENRY
• HENRY (1129-1195)
• HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
• HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
• HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
• HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
• HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
• HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
• HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
• HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
• HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
• HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
• HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
• HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)

Henry VIII., and was knighted for his services at the See also:

• SIEGE (0. Fr. sege, siege, mod. siege, seat, ultimately from sedere, to sit, cf. Class. Lat. obsidium, a siege)

siege of See also:

• TOURNAI (Flemish Doornik)

Tournai in 1513 . Later he was treasurer of See also:

• CARDINAL (Lat. cardinalis)

Cardinal See also:

• WOLSEY, THOMAS (c. 1475–1530)

Wolsey's See also:

• HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

household, and was sent several times to See also:

• FRANCE
• FRANCE, ANATOLE (1844– )

France on See also:

• DIPLOMATIC

diplomatic business . As See also:

• VICE

vice-admiral he commanded a See also:

• FLEET

fleet when England and France were at See also:

• WAR
• WAR (O. Eng. werre, Fr. guerre, of Teutonic origin; cf. O.H.G. werran, to confound)

war in 1523 . He was See also:

• COMPTROLLER

comptroller of the royal household, See also:

• CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor of the duchy of See also:

• LANCASTER
• LANCASTER, HOUSE OF
• LANCASTER, JOHN OF GAUNT
• LANCASTER, JOSEPH (1778-1838)
• LANCASTER, SIR JAMES (f1. 1591—1618)
• LANCASTER, THOMAS, EARL OF (c. 1277-1322)

Lancaster, and keeper of the privy See also:

• SEAL
• SEAL, FUR
• SEAL, HAIR

seal . He went to See also:

• CALAIS

Calais to conduct See also:

• ANNE (1665-1714)
• ANNE (1693-1740)

Anne of See also:

• CLEVES (Ger. Cleve or Kleve)

Cleves to England and wrote in flattering terms to Henry about his See also:

• BRIDE (a common Teutonic word, e.g..Goth. bruths, O. Eng. bryd, O. H. Ger. prs2t, Mod. Ger. Bract, Dut. bruid, possibly derived from the root bru-, cook, brew; from the med. latinized form bruta, in the sense of daughter-in-law, is derived the Fr. bru)

bride . While marching with the English See also:

• ARMY
• ARMY (from Fr. armee, Lat. armata)

army into See also:

• SCOTLAND
• SCOTLAND, CHURCH OF
• SCOTLAND, EPISCOPAL CHURCH OF

Scotland he died at See also:

• NEWCASTLE
• NEWCASTLE, DUKES OF

Newcastle in See also:

• OCTOBER

October 1542 . He See also:

• LEFT

left no sons and his titles became See also:

• EXTINCT

extinct . In 1547 See also:

• THOMAS
• THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
• THOMAS (d. 110o)
• THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
• THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
• THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
• THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
• THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
• THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
• THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
• THOMAS, ST
• THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
• THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)

Thomas Wriothesley (1505-1550) was created earl of Southampton . Entering the service of Henry VIII. at an See also:

• EARLY
• EARLY, JUBAL ANDERSON (1816-1894)

early See also:

• AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age, Wriothesley soon made himself very useful to his royal See also:

• MASTER (Lat. magister, related to tnagis, more, as the corresponding minister is to minus, less; the English form is due partly to the O. Eng. maegister, and partly to O. Fr. maistre, mod. maitre; cf. Du. meester, Ger. Meister, Ital. maestro)

master, and he was richly rewarded when the monasteries were dissolved, obtaining extensive lands between Southampton and See also:

• WINCHESTER
• WINCHESTER, EARLS AND MARQUESSES OF

Winchester .

Having been on errands abroad, he was made one of the See also:

• KING
• KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
• KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
• KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
• KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
• KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
• KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
• KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
• KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
• KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
• KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
• KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)

king's See also:

• PRINCIPAL

principal secretaries in 1540, and was knighted in the same See also:

• YEAR

year; in spite of the fall of his See also:

• PATRON

patron, Thomas See also:

• CROMWELL, HENRY (1628-1674)
• CROMWELL, OLIVER (1599-1658)
• CROMWELL, RICHARD (1626–1712)
• CROMWELL, THOMAS, EARL OF

Cromwell, he See also:

• ROSE
• ROSE (Rosa)
• ROSE, GEORGE (1744-1818)
• ROSE, HUGH JAMES (1795—1838)
• ROSE, WILLIAM STEWART (1775-1843)

rose higher and higher in the royal favour, and in 1542 it was said that he almost governed everything in England . He sought to bring about an See also:

• ALLIANCE

alliance between England and Imports from Exports to See also:

• ARGENTINA

Argentina -f See also:

• CHILE, or CHILI (derived, it is said, from the Quichua chin , cold, or tchili, snow)

Chile . . See also:

• URUGUAY (officially the Oriental Republic of the Uruguay, and long locally called the Banda Oriental, meaning the land on the eastern side of the river Uruguay, from which the country takes its name)

Uruguay . -1 See also:

• UNITED

United See also:

• KINGDOM

Kingdom See also:

• GERMANY
• GERMANY (Ger. Deutschland)

Germany . . United States United Kingdom Germany . . . United States . United Kingdom Germany . . . France . United Kingdom 15 See also:

• BELGIUM
• BELGIUM (Fr. Belgique; Flem. Belgic)

Belgium . . .

8 Germany . 8 United Kingdom II Germany . . . 5 United States . 3 France . . 1.5 Argentina 1.4 Germany . . 1 Argentina . See also:

• BRAZIL
• BRAZIL, or BRASIL

Brazil . . Chile . See also:

• COLOMBIA

Colombia See also:

• SPAIN
• SPAIN (Espana)

Spain in 1 J43, and was created See also:

• BARON
• BARON (1835-1895)
• BARON, MICHEL (1653—1729)

Baron Wriothesley of Titchfield in 1544 . Having been lord keeper of the privy seal for a few months, he became lord high chancellor in 1544, in which capacity he became notorious by his proceedings against Anne See also:

• ASKEW

Askew . He was one of the executors of Henry's will, and in accordance with the dead king's wishes he was created earl of Southampton in See also:

• FEBRUARY

February 1 547 .

However, he had committed an offence in appointing four persons to relieve him of his duties as lord chancellor and See also:

• ADVANTAGE

advantage was taken of this to deprive him of his See also:

• OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office in See also:

• MARCH
• MARCH (1) (from Fr. marcher, to walk; the earliest sense in French appears to be " to trample," and the origin has usually been found in the Lat. marcus, hammer; Low Lat. marcare, to hammer; hence to beat the road with the regular tread of a soldier: cf.
• MARCH, AUZIAS (c. "1395-1458)
• MARCH, EARLS OF
• MARCH, FRANCIS ANDREW (1825– )

March, when he also ceased to be a member of the privy See also:

• COUNCIL (Lat. concilium, from cum, together, and the root cal, to call)

council . Again in the council Southampton took a leading See also:

• PART

part in bringing about the fall of See also:

• SOMERSET, EARLS AND DUKES OF
• SOMERSET, EDMUND BEAUFORT, DUKE OF (c. 1404–1455)
• SOMERSET, EDWARD SEYMOUR, DUKE OF (c. 1506–1552)
• SOMERSET, LORD ROBERT EDWARD HENRY (1776-1842)
• SOMERSET, ROBERT CARR (or KER), EARL OF (e. 1590-1645)

Somerset, but he had not regained his former position when he died on the 3oth of See also:

• JULY

July 155o . His successor was his son, Henry (1545—1581), the 2nd earl, one of the See also:

• ROMAN

Roman See also:

• CATHOLIC (Gr. KcaBoXuK6s, general, universal)

Catholic nobles who conspired for the See also:

• RELEASE (O.Fr. reles, variant of relais, from relaisser, to release, let go, Lat. relaxare)

release of See also:

• MARY
• MARY (1457-1482)
• MARY (1496-1533)
• MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS

Mary See also:

• QUEEN
• QUEEN (O.E. cwen, wife, related to "quean," O.E. cwene, a hussy; cf. Gr. yvvi7: from root gan-, to produce; cf. genus, " kin," &c.)

Queen of Scots . He died on the 4th of October 1581 and was succeeded by his son, Henry, the 3rd earl (see below) . For the career of the 1st earl see Lord See also:

• CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER (1788–1866)
• CAMPBELL, BEATRICE STELLA (Mrs PATRICK CAMPBELL) (1865– )
• CAMPBELL, GEORGE (1719–1796)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN
• CAMPBELL, JOHN (1708-1775)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN CAMPBELL, BARON (1779-1861)
• CAMPBELL, JOHN FRANCIS
• CAMPBELL, LEWIS (1830-1908)
• CAMPBELL, REGINALD JOHN (1867— )
• CAMPBELL, THOMAS (1777—1844)

Campbell, Lives of the Lord Chancellors; E . See also:

• FOSS, EDWARD (1787-1870)

Foss, See also:

• JUDGES, THE BOOK OF

Judges of England; and the various See also:

• STATE
• STATE, GREAT OFFICERS OF

state papers and letters of the reign of Henry VIII . The 3rd earl was succeeded by his son Thomas (1607—1667) as 4th earl . When the dispute began between the king and the See also:

• PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament he took the See also:

• SIDE
• SIDE (mod. Eski Adalia)

side of the latter, but soon the violence of its leaders drove him into the arms of See also:

• CHARLES
• CHARLES (1270-1325)
• CHARLES (1421-1461)
• CHARLES (1525-1574)
• CHARLES (c. 1319-1364)
• CHARLES (Fr. Charles; Span. Carlos; Ital. Carlo; Ger. Karl; derived from O.H.G. Charal,latinized as Carolus, meaning originally " man ": cf. Mod.Ger., Kerl," fellow," A.S. ceorl, Mod. Eng. " churl ")
• CHARLES (KARL EITEL ZEPHYRIN LUDWIG; in Rum. CAROL)
• CHARLES [KARL ALEXANDER] (1712-1780)
• CHARLES, ELIZABETH (1828-1896)
• CHARLES, JACQUES ALEXANDRE CESAR (1746-1823)
• CHARLES, THOMAS (1755-1814)

Charles, one of whose most loyal advisers he remained thenceforward . He was however very anxious for See also:

• PEACE
• PEACE, BREACH OF THE

peace, and treated on behalf of the king with the representatives of the parliament in 1643, and again at See also:

• UXBRIDGE

Uxbridge in 1645 . Having paid over £6000 to the state, Southampton was allowed to live unmolested in England during the See also:

• COMMON

Common-See also:

• WEALTH

wealth See also:

• PERIOD
• PERIOD (Gr. irepioSos, a going or way round, circuit, aepi, round, and &Sis, way, road)

period, and on the restoration of Charles II. he was made lord high treasurer . As treasurer he was remarkable for his freedom from any taint of corruption and for his efforts in the interests of See also:

• ECONOMY

economy and See also:

• FINANCIAL

financial See also:

• ORDER
• ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
• ORDER, HOLY

order . He died without sons on 'the 16th of May 1667, when his titles became extinct .

Much of his See also:

• PROPERTY

property passed to his eldest daughter See also:

• ELIZABETH
• ELIZABETH (1533-1603)
• ELIZABETH (1596-1662)
• ELIZABETH (1635–1650)
• ELIZABETH [ AMELIE EUGENIE ] (1837—1898)
• ELIZABETH [1lisabeth Philippine Marie Helene of France] (1764—1794)
• ELIZABETH [PAULINE ELIZABETH OTTILIE LOUISE] (1843– )
• ELIZABETH [PETROVNA] (1709-1762), EMPRESS
• ELIZABETH, SAINT (1207-1231)

Elizabeth (d . 1693), wife of See also:

• EDWARD

Edward See also:

• NOEL, RODEN BERKELEY WRIOTHESLEY (1834-1894)

Noel, 1st earl of See also:

• GAINSBOROUGH
• GAINSBOROUGH, THOMAS (1727-1788)

Gainsborough (1641—1689) . The name of the earl is perpetuated in See also:

• LONDON

London in Southampton See also:

• ROW, JOHN (c. 1525—1580)

Row and Southampton See also:

• STREET
• STREET, GEORGE EDMUND (1824-1881)

Street, See also:

• HOLBORN

Holborn, where his London See also:

• RESIDENCE (Latin residere, to remain behind, to dwell, reside)

residence stood . After the See also:

• DEATH

death of See also:

• LADY (0. Eng. hlaefdige, Mid. Eng. ldfdi, lavedi; the first part of the word is hldf, loaf, bread, as in the corresponding hldford, lord; the second part is usually taken to be from the root dig-, to knead, seen also in " dough "; the sense development fr

Lady Gainsborough the London property of the earl passed to her See also:

• SISTER

sister See also:

• RACHEL (1821-1858)

Rachel, wife of William, Lord See also:

• RUSSELL (FAMILY)
• RUSSELL, ISRAEL COOK (1852- )
• RUSSELL, JOHN (1745-1806)
• RUSSELL, JOHN (d. 1494)
• RUSSELL, JOHN RUSSELL, 1ST EARL (1792-1878)
• RUSSELL, JOHN SCOTT (1808–1882)
• RUSSELL, LORD WILLIAM (1639–1683)
• RUSSELL, SIR WILLIAM HOWARD
• RUSSELL, THOMAS (1762-1788)
• RUSSELL, WILLIAM CLARK (1844– )

Russell, the patriot, and later to the See also:

• DUKES
• DUKES, LEOPOLD (1810-1891)

dukes of See also:

• BEDFORD

Bedford . In 167o the See also:

• MISTRESS

mistress of Charles II., See also:

• BARBARA, SAINT

Barbara, countess of See also:

• CASTLEMAINE

Castlemaine, was created duchess of See also:

• CLEVELAND
• CLEVELAND (or CLEIVELAND), JOHN (1613—1658)
• CLEVELAND, BARBARA VILLIERS, DUCHESS OF (1641-1709)
• CLEVELAND, STEPHEN GROVER (1837-1908)

Cleveland and countess of Southampton . Her son, Charles See also:

• FITZROY
• FITZROY, ROBERT (1805-1865)

Fitzroy (1662—1730), was created See also:

• DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of Southampton in 1675, this title becoming extinct when his son William died in May 1774 . The See also:

• BARONY

barony of Southampton was created in 1780 in favour of Charles Fitzroy (1737—1797), a See also:

• GRANDSON (Ger. Grandsee)

grandson of Charles Fitzroy, 2nd duke of See also:

• GRAFTON
• GRAFTON, DUKES OF
• GRAFTON, RICHARD (d. 1572)

Grafton, he being thus, like the holders of the dukedorn of Southampton, descended from Charles II. and the duchess of Cleveland . The title is still held by his descendants .